Question 1

In the following question, out of the given four alternatives, select the one which is opposite in meaning to the given word "Vagrant".

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This antonym question tests your understanding of the word "vagrant". The word is frequently used to describe people who have no fixed home and move from place to place, often in poverty. Choosing the correct opposite helps you understand contrast in descriptions, especially in legal, social, and literary contexts. Given Data / Assumptions: The target word is "vagrant". We assume the most common meaning: a person who wanders from place to place without a settled home or regular work; by extension, something wandering or moving irregularly. The options are idle, roving, settled, wanderer, and nomadic. Concept / Approach: "Vagrant" characterises wandering, rootless existence. The opposite idea would be of someone or something that is fixed, stable, and not moving about. Among the given options, "settled" best expresses this stability. Idle describes laziness, roving and wanderer are near synonyms of vagrant, and nomadic also refers to a lifestyle involving constant movement. So "settled" is the clear antonym. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Restate "vagrant" as "wandering, without a permanent home". Step 2: Option C "Settled" means having a fixed home or permanent residence and being stable. Step 3: Option A "Idle" means lazy or not working, which may or may not involve wandering. Step 4: Option B "Roving" means travelling from place to place, similar to wandering. Step 5: Option D "Wanderer" is a noun for someone who wanders and is almost a direct synonym for a vagrant person. Step 6: Option E "Nomadic" describes a lifestyle of moving from place to place, especially in tribes, again close to vagrant rather than opposite. Verification / Alternative check: Consider phrases: "vagrant population" versus "settled population". Many social studies texts contrast these two groups: those who move from place to place versus those who have permanent homes. Similarly, "vagrant lifestyle" is contrasted with "settled lifestyle". If we tried to contrast vagrant with "idle" or "roving", the contrast would disappear, as both can be wandering or inactive. Thus, "settled" is the only option that clearly reverses the core meaning of vagrant. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A Idle describes not working or being lazy; a person can be both vagrant and idle, so it is not an opposite. Option B Roving contains the same wandering sense as vagrant and is a close synonym, not an antonym. Option D Wanderer is a direct noun form for one who wanders and again is a synonym, not opposite. Option E Nomadic refers to moving around rather than staying in one place, which aligns with vagrant behaviour rather than opposing it. Common Pitfalls: Some candidates may think "idle" is opposite because they associate vagrants with certain kinds of activity, but the main axis of meaning here is movement and stability, not work versus laziness. Always focus on the central feature of the word you are given. For "vagrant", that feature is lack of permanent settlement, so you must choose an option like "settled" that clearly implies a fixed place of living. Final Answer: The word opposite in meaning to "Vagrant" is "Settled".

Question 2

In the following question, out of the given four alternatives, select the one which is opposite in meaning to the given word "Usurp".

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This antonym question examines your understanding of the verb "usurp". The word is often used in political, legal, and organisational contexts to describe the wrongful seizure of power, property, or rights. Knowing its opposite helps you comprehend discussions about legitimate and illegitimate transfers of authority or ownership. Given Data / Assumptions: The target word is "usurp". We assume the standard meaning: to take a position of power or importance illegally or by force, or to take someone else's rights or property without permission. The options are restore, encroach, coup, seize, and confiscate. Concept / Approach: "Usurp" implies wrongful taking over. The opposite would be to return something to its rightful owner or to give back power or rights that were taken away. "Restore" means to bring back or return something to its original owner or condition. Encroach means gradually intrude, coup is a sudden seizure of power, seize means take by force, and confiscate also means to take away, often by legal authority. Thus, only "restore" moves in the opposite direction of usurpation. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Restate "usurp" as "to wrongfully seize power, position, or property". Step 2: Option A "Restore" means to give back or return something to its rightful state or owner. Step 3: Option B "Encroach" describes gradually taking over someone else's rights or territory, which is similar in spirit to usurp, not opposite. Step 4: Option C "Coup" is a sudden, often violent, seizure of power, again closely related in meaning. Step 5: Option D "Seize" means to take something quickly and often by force, similar to the act of usurping. Step 6: Option E "Confiscate" means to take away property, usually by authority, which is also a type of taking rather than returning. Verification / Alternative check: Consider a sentence: "The general usurped the throne and later had to restore it to the rightful king." Here, "restore" clearly reverses the action of usurping. If we tried to use "encroach" or "seize" in place of "restore", the sentence would not describe giving back the throne but rather taking it again. This shows that "restore" is the only option that can serve as an antonym in both logic and usage. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option B Encroach suggests slow or secret infringement on another's rights, which is a form of taking, not returning. Option C Coup is essentially a dramatic form of usurpation, making it more of a synonym than an antonym. Option D Seize describes taking hold of something, often by force, which aligns with the idea of usurping power or rights. Option E Confiscate means taking away property, particularly as a penalty, again aligning with the "taking" aspect of usurp. Common Pitfalls: Because many of the options are related to power or property, candidates may confuse which direction the action goes in—taking versus returning. The key to antonym questions is to focus on that direction. "Usurp" is about taking wrongfully; therefore, any word that also involves taking will not be an antonym. Instead, you must look for a word that signals giving back or reinstating, which in this set is clearly "restore". Final Answer: The word opposite in meaning to "Usurp" is "Restore".

Question 3

In the following question, out of the given four alternatives, select the one which is opposite in meaning to the given word "Quash".

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This antonym question examines your understanding of the verb "quash". The word is commonly used in legal and formal contexts, particularly when courts or authorities set aside decisions, demands, or proceedings. Recognising its opposite helps in understanding when an action is upheld and when it is nullified. Given Data / Assumptions: The target word is "quash". We assume the common meaning: to reject or void something officially; to suppress, cancel, or put an end to something, especially by legal or authoritative action. The options are support, revoke, annul, cancel, and overrule. Concept / Approach: "Quash" means to put an end to, to declare invalid, or to suppress. Therefore, its opposite must describe maintaining, approving, or backing something instead of cancelling it. Among the options, "support" best expresses this idea. Revoke, annul, and cancel are near synonyms of quash, and overrule usually means rejecting a previous decision, which is also closer to quashing than to supporting. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Restate "quash" as "to cancel, reject, or suppress something officially". Step 2: Option A "Support" means to back, uphold, or approve something. Step 3: Option B "Revoke" means to cancel or withdraw a decision or law, similar in meaning to quash. Step 4: Option C "Annul" means to declare something invalid, usually a legal contract or marriage, again similar to quash. Step 5: Option D "Cancel" directly expresses the idea of ending or nullifying something, making it a synonym of quash. Step 6: Option E "Overrule" often means to reject a previous decision, especially in legal contexts, which is again closer to cancelling than to supporting. Verification / Alternative check: Consider an example: "The court quashed the petition." If we wanted to express the opposite idea, we could say, "The court supported the petition" or "The court upheld the petition." The word "support" clearly reverses the sense of cancellation or rejection. Substituting "revoke", "annul", or "cancel" would preserve the negative direction of action, not reverse it. This confirms that "support" is the appropriate antonym. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option B Revoke, like quash, refers to withdrawing or cancelling something officially and is not an opposite. Option C Annul is also a formal way of cancelling or declaring something null and void, another synonym-like option. Option D Cancel is a straightforward synonym of quash, describing the act of calling something off or making it invalid. Option E Overrule typically means setting aside a prior decision, which again is a form of cancellation and not the opposite of quash. Common Pitfalls: Because many of the options are drawn from legal vocabulary, candidates may mistakenly choose the one that feels unfamiliar, assuming it must be the correct answer. However, antonym questions require you to clearly identify whether the action described is in the same direction or the opposite direction. With "quash" meaning to cancel or suppress, any word that also describes cancellation cannot be its antonym. Only "support" describes upholding rather than nullifying. Final Answer: The word opposite in meaning to "Quash" is "Support".

Question 4

In the following question, four words have been given out of which one word is incorrectly spelt. Select the incorrectly spelt word.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This spelling question asks you to spot the one incorrectly spelt word out of four. Such questions test not just memory but also your familiarity with common academic and descriptive vocabulary. Being able to recognise correct forms quickly is useful both in exams and in real-life writing. Given Data / Assumptions: The four main words to check are: disparage, diabolical, discrepeancy, and disheveled (plus an extra correct form given as a distractor in the options list). We assume American spelling is acceptable for "disheveled" (one "l"), though "dishevelled" is common in British English, and both are recognisable. Our task is to identify the option that is clearly not a standard spelling of any accepted English word in this context. Concept / Approach: The correct spelling of the word meaning "an inconsistency or difference between two things" is "discrepancy", not "discrepeancy". The vowels in the middle are "e" followed by "p" and then "a": d-i-s-c-r-e-p-a-n-c-y. "Disparage" (to belittle), "diabolical" (devilish, very bad), and "disheveled" (untidy, messy) are all correctly spelt in standard English. Therefore, "Discrepeancy" is the only clear error. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Check "Disparage": this is correctly spelt; it means to criticise or belittle someone. Step 2: Check "Diabolical": this is correctly spelt; it means relating to the devil or extremely bad. Step 3: Check "Disheveled": in American English, one "l" is standard; in British English, "dishevelled" has two "l"s, so the version shown is still acceptable. Step 4: Examine "Discrepeancy": this is not the standard spelling; the correct word is "Discrepancy" with "a" after the "p", not "e". Step 5: Confirm with the extra correct form "Discrepancy" that "Discrepeancy" is indeed the wrong variant. Verification / Alternative check: Use the correctly spelt forms in example sentences: "There is a discrepancy between the two reports." Here, "discrepancy" fits naturally. If we substitute "discrepeancy", the word looks wrong and would not be accepted in formal writing or by standard dictionaries. Similarly, sentences like "He tends to disparage his colleagues" and "The room was completely disheveled" show regular, widely accepted spellings. This comparative check confirms that "Discrepeancy" is the incorrect form. Why Other Options Are Wrong (as incorrect choices): Option A Disparage is a correctly spelt verb meaning to speak of someone in a negative or belittling way. Option B Diabolical is correctly spelt and used to describe something extremely bad or evil. Option D Disheveled is a standard American spelling for "untidy or disordered" in appearance; it is not a misspelling. Option E Discrepancy is the correct form of the word for inconsistency, included here to highlight the error in "Discrepeancy". Common Pitfalls: Learners often confuse patterns like "-ancy" and "-ency" as well as the placement of vowels before consonants. For words like "discrepancy", a helpful memory aid is to break it into "discrep + ancy" rather than "discrepe + ancy". Additionally, seeing a correct form like "Discrepancy" in the same list can guide you to recognise the error in "Discrepeancy". Always compare suspicious-looking forms with known patterns and similar words you are confident about. Final Answer: The incorrectly spelt word is "Discrepeancy".

Question 5

In the following question, four words have been given out of which one word is incorrectly spelt. Select the incorrectly spelt word.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This spelling question requires you to identify the wrongly spelt word from a list. The words here are all moderately advanced vocabulary items that may appear in essays, articles, and competitive examinations. Spotting the incorrect spelling quickly shows strong familiarity with English word-formation patterns. Given Data / Assumptions: We must examine the spellings of "Fanatiecism", "Femininity", "Flippant", "Fortuitous", and an extra correct form "Fanaticism". The intended correct word for the first option is "fanaticism", meaning extreme enthusiasm or zeal, typically for religion or politics. The other words are common English adjectives or nouns with well-established spellings. Concept / Approach: The correct spelling of the noun derived from "fanatic" is "fanaticism", formed by adding "-ism" to the base. The sequence of letters is f-a-n-a-t-i-c-i-s-m. "Fanatiecism" wrongly inserts an extra "e" and rearranges the letters near the end. "Femininity" (the quality of being female or feminine), "flippant" (not showing a serious or respectful attitude), and "fortuitous" (happening by chance) are all correctly spelt. Therefore, "Fanatiecism" is the only misspelt word. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Check "Femininity": correctly spelt with "feminin-" and the suffix "-ity". Step 2: Check "Flippant": correctly spelt adjective; double "p" is standard. Step 3: Check "Fortuitous": correctly spelt; it refers to chance occurrences, often perceived as lucky. Step 4: Examine "Fanatiecism": the unusual "iec" sequence is not part of any standard derivative of "fanatic". The correct form is "fanaticism". Step 5: Confirm with the extra correct form "Fanaticism" that "Fanatiecism" is indeed a wrong variant. Verification / Alternative check: Use the correctly spelt word in a sentence: "Religious fanaticism can sometimes lead to intolerance." Here, "fanaticism" fits naturally and is recognised by dictionaries. If we tried "fanatiecism", the word would look wrong and would not appear in standard references. Similarly, sentences like "Her femininity was evident in her style", "He gave a flippant answer", and "Their meeting was fortuitous" all demonstrate correct spellings. Comparing these with the odd-looking "Fanatiecism" confirms that it is the misspelt item. Why Other Options Are Wrong (as incorrect choices): Option B Femininity is correctly spelt to refer to feminine qualities. Option C Flippant correctly uses a double "p" and means not taking things seriously. Option D Fortuitous is the correct spelling for "happening by chance", especially in a beneficial way. Option E Fanaticism is the correct spelling of the noun form derived from "fanatic", emphasising extreme zeal. Common Pitfalls: Students often get confused by how abstract nouns are formed from adjectives like "fanatic". A useful tip is to learn the base word first and then note the most common endings: fanatic → fanaticism, sceptic → scepticism, hero → heroism. Paying attention to these patterns will help you avoid inserting extra vowels or consonants. For words like "femininity", remember that the base "feminine" drops the final "e" before adding "-ity", but the internal spelling "feminin-" remains consistent. Final Answer: The incorrectly spelt word is "Fanatiecism".

Question 6

In the following question, four English words are given, out of which one word is incorrectly spelt. Carefully identify and select the incorrectly spelt word.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Spelling questions in competitive English exams often test whether you can distinguish between correctly and incorrectly spelt words that look very similar. In this item, you are asked to focus on four words, three of which are spelt correctly and one of which is spelt wrongly. Your job is to spot the incorrect spelling by using your vocabulary knowledge and visual memory of standard English spellings. Given Data / Assumptions: - The question clearly asks for the incorrectly spelt word, not the correct one. - The options given are: impecunous, Impudence, Incongruous, Indomitable, and Impetuous (additional option). - We assume standard British or international English spellings that appear in reputable dictionaries and textbooks. Concept / Approach: The key to solving such questions is to recall the standard spelling of each word and compare it to the option presented. The intended word behind “impecunous” is “impecunious”, which means someone who is poor or lacking money. The other words – “impudence”, “incongruous”, “indomitable” and “impetuous” – are all correctly spelt. Therefore, the incorrectly spelt word is the one missing the letters “io” in the middle: “impecunous”. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recognise that “impecunous” is probably meant to represent the word “impecunious”. Step 2: Recall or check mentally that the correct spelling is i-m-p-e-c-u-n-i-o-u-s, containing the “io” sequence before the final “us”. Step 3: Examine “Impudence”: it correctly represents the noun from “impudent”, meaning rudeness or disrespect. Step 4: Note that “Incongruous” (not in harmony) and “Indomitable” (impossible to defeat) are also standard dictionary spellings, as is “Impetuous” (acting hastily). Step 5: Conclude that “impecunous” is the only option that does not match its well-known correct form. Verification / Alternative check: If you have encountered the phrase “impecunious student” or “impecunious artist” in reading passages, you will remember the sequence “-nious” at the end. Words like “harmonious”, “ingenious” and “continuous” also carry similar endings. This pattern reinforces that “impecunous” is incomplete. Meanwhile, searching your memory for alternative spellings of “impudence”, “incongruous”, “indomitable” and “impetuous” will not yield any commonly accepted variant, confirming that they are correctly spelt. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - “Impudence”: correct noun form of “impudent”; no extra or missing letters. - “Incongruous”: standard spelling describing something that does not fit its surroundings or context. - “Indomitable”: correctly expresses the idea of being unconquerable or determined. - “Impetuous”: accurately spelt word for acting without thought; there is no common alternative spelling like “impetous”. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes assume that the least familiar word must be wrong, but difficulty is not the same as incorrect spelling. The right approach is to think of the known correct form of each word. In this question, “impecunious” is a common exam word and is frequently tested, so if you have revised vocabulary lists you will quickly see that “impecunous” is missing “io”. Train yourself to focus on vowel clusters and common suffixes such as “-ious”, “-eous” and “-uous” in advanced adjectives. Final Answer: The incorrectly spelt word is “impecunous”.

Question 7

In the following question, out of the given four alternatives, select the option that best expresses the meaning of the idiom “to gird up the loins”.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Idioms are fixed expressions whose meanings cannot be guessed by simply translating each word literally. The idiom “to gird up the loins” is an older English expression that you may see in literature, religious texts, or formal speech. It describes a person getting ready for a demanding task or difficult situation. Understanding this idiom helps you interpret texts where authors use slightly archaic or figurative language to talk about preparation and courage. Given Data / Assumptions: - Idiom: “to gird up the loins”. - The options suggest meanings related to indecision, preparation, conflict, liking, or fear. - We must choose the option that matches the established idiomatic meaning of the phrase in standard English. Concept / Approach: Historically, people wore long robes that could get in the way during physical work, travel, or battle. To “gird up the loins” meant to tie up the loose clothing around the waist so that one could move freely. This physical action became a metaphor for mentally and physically preparing oneself for serious work, challenge, or struggle. Therefore, the idiom means “to get ready for hard work or a difficult task”, not to stay confused or to give up. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Imagine a person in a long robe preparing to run, fight, or work; they tighten their belt so they can move quickly. Step 2: Translate this image into modern terms: the person is preparing themselves for something demanding. Step 3: Evaluate the options: “To be unable to decide” describes confusion, not preparation; “To be at strife” suggests conflict but not the idea of getting ready for it. Step 4: “To one's liking” and “To give up in fear” are unrelated to preparation. Step 5: Only “To prepare for hard work” captures the core meaning of the idiom. Verification / Alternative check: Consider how the idiom might appear in a sentence: “With the exam only a month away, it is time to gird up your loins and study seriously.” Here, the writer is clearly advising you to get ready and put in serious effort. Similarly, “The team girded up their loins before the final match” means they mentally and physically prepared to give their best. These examples confirm that the idiom is about readiness and effort, not hesitation or enjoyment. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - To be unable to decide: suggests indecision; the idiom actually implies firm determination. - To be at strife: describes being in conflict, but does not include the idea of preparation. - To one's liking: simply means something is pleasant or suitable; unrelated to effort. - To give up in fear: is the opposite of what the idiom implies; “girding up” suggests courage and readiness, not surrender. Common Pitfalls: Because the phrase sounds old-fashioned and mentions “loins”, some learners feel confused or embarrassed and guess randomly. A useful memory trick is to associate “gird” with “belt” or “gear”, both of which relate to getting ready. Whenever you see “gird up your loins”, think of rolling up your sleeves before hard work. This image will guide you to the correct meaning in exam questions. Final Answer: The idiom “to gird up the loins” means “to prepare for hard work or a difficult task”.

Question 8

In the following question, out of the given four alternatives, select the option that best expresses the meaning of the idiom “high and mighty”.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Idiomatic expressions like “high and mighty” are commonly used in spoken English, newspapers, and novels. They convey attitudes and character traits in a colourful way. In exams, you are often asked to match such idioms with their meanings. “High and mighty” is usually used in a negative sense to describe someone who behaves in an overly proud, superior, or arrogant manner. Given Data / Assumptions: - Idiom: “high and mighty”. - Options: an unreliable person, experts, hopeful, arrogant, very generous. - We must pick the option that matches the accepted meaning in everyday English usage. Concept / Approach: The phrase “high and mighty” combines “high” (suggesting high status or position) with “mighty” (suggesting power or strength). Together, they describe people who think of themselves as important and superior to others, often looking down on those they consider below them. The idiom criticises such behaviour and focuses on arrogance and pride, not on generosity, expertise, or reliability. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall typical usage, such as “He became very high and mighty after his promotion.” Step 2: Understand that in these contexts, the speaker is complaining about a person's proud and superior attitude. Step 3: Compare each option: “an unreliable person” refers to trustworthiness, not pride. Step 4: “Experts” and “hopeful” are neutral or positive descriptions and do not carry any idea of arrogance. Step 5: “Very generous” clearly does not fit the negative tone of the idiom, while “arrogant” matches it exactly. Verification / Alternative check: Use the idiom in a sentence and substitute the word “arrogant”: “She acts so high and mighty these days” becomes “She acts so arrogant these days.” The sense is preserved. If you try substituting “hopeful” or “generous”, the sentence becomes meaningless: “She acts so hopeful these days” does not capture the idea of looking down on others. This substitution test confirms that “arrogant” is the closest equivalent. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - An unreliable person: describes someone you cannot depend on, which is not the focus of this idiom. - Experts: refers to people with deep knowledge; experts can be humble or arrogant, so this is unrelated. - Hopeful: suggests optimism, not a superior attitude. - Very generous: indicates kindness and willingness to give, which is the opposite tone of the critical idiom “high and mighty”. Common Pitfalls: Some learners assume “high and mighty” must always refer to people of high status such as leaders or VIPs and may confuse it with words like “elite” or “influential”. However, the main point of the idiom is not status itself but the arrogant behaviour that often comes with imagined or real superiority. Remember that ordinary people can also be described as “high and mighty” if they behave in an overbearing way. Final Answer: The idiom “high and mighty” means “arrogant” or “behaving in an overly proud, superior manner”.

Question 9

The following four labelled sentences P, Q, R and S, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph about social responsibility. Select the most logical order of the sentences.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Para-jumble or sentence arrangement questions test your ability to recognise logical flow, coherence, and progression of ideas in a short paragraph. In this question, four labelled sentences P, Q, R and S discuss the idea of social responsibility and individualism in society. You must determine the order that produces a smooth and meaningful paragraph without changing any of the sentences themselves. Given Data / Assumptions: - Sentences given: - R: Every society must develop in its people a social responsibility. - Q: This is something that we have been falling short of. - S: We are very individualistic and don’t relate ourselves to our society as such. - P: Very seldom do we actually go out and do something, which is beneficial to the society without thinking of our own side benefit of it. - Only one arrangement will create a logically connected and grammatically smooth paragraph. Concept / Approach: To solve para-jumbles, first look for a general introductory sentence that sets the theme. Then identify pronouns like “this” or “it” that refer back to earlier ideas. Next, see how examples or explanations naturally follow the main statement. Here, R provides a broad, theme-setting statement about social responsibility. Q refers back to “this” requirement, S gives a general reason related to individualism, and P provides a concrete example of behaviour. This suggests the order R–Q–S–P. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify the most general opening sentence. R says, “Every society must develop in its people a social responsibility.” This clearly introduces the main topic. Step 2: Look for a sentence that directly refers back to this idea. Q states, “This is something that we have been falling short of.” The pronoun “This” refers to the development of social responsibility mentioned in R. Step 3: Next, S explains why we are falling short: “We are very individualistic and don’t relate ourselves to our society as such.” This logically follows Q as a cause or explanation. Step 4: Finally, P gives a specific example of our selfish behaviour: “Very seldom do we actually go out and do something…without thinking of our own side benefit of it.” This is a natural conclusion that illustrates the general claim in S. Verification / Alternative check: Read the sequence RQSP as a complete paragraph: first, the need for social responsibility is stated; second, the shortcoming is acknowledged; third, our individualistic mindset is described; and fourth, a practical example of selfish behaviour is offered. There are clear logical links between consecutive sentences. If you try alternatives such as QRSP or QSRP, you end up starting with a pronoun “This” in Q without a clear antecedent, which feels abrupt and confusing. Therefore, R must come before Q. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - QRSP: Starts with “This” without explaining what “this” refers to; lacks a proper introduction. - QSRP: Again opens with Q and becomes unclear until R appears later; the flow is broken. - QPRS and SRQP: Both disturb the natural progression from general principle to explanation to example, making the paragraph clumsy and illogical. Common Pitfalls: Many learners rush to match sentences with similar vocabulary without checking pronoun references and logical connectors. Always look for sentences that introduce a topic, followed by sentences with “this”, “such”, or “it” that clearly refer back. Also, examples and specific behaviours usually come at the end. Developing this habit will help you solve para-jumbles more accurately under exam pressure. Final Answer: The most logical order of the sentences is RQSP.

Question 10

The following four labelled sentences P, Q, R and S, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph on the proverb “Health is Wealth”. Select the most logical order.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: In this para-jumble question, you are given four labelled sentences that expand on the well-known proverb “Health is Wealth”. The task is to reorder the sentences so that they form a coherent, logically flowing paragraph. Being able to identify introductions, explanations, examples and conclusions is essential for mastering such questions in competitive exams. Given Data / Assumptions: - P: “Health is Wealth” is a very old proverb however will be true forever for the humanity. - S: It indicates a very clear meaning that health is more significant for a person than the wealth. - Q: A healthy person can perform any task however; a wealthy person who is suffering from untreatable disease can never buy a good health. - R: A healthy person (whether rich or poor) lives more happy and peaceful life than any rich person having a diseased body. - We must choose the order that best presents the idea from proverb to explanation and examples. Concept / Approach: A good paragraph usually starts by introducing the main topic or proverb, then explains its meaning, and finally offers supporting examples or comparisons. Sentence P clearly introduces the proverb “Health is Wealth”. Sentence S explains what the proverb means. Sentences Q and R then provide concrete examples and contrasts between healthy and unhealthy people. Between Q and R, Q focuses on the limitation of wealth without health, while R generalises the comparison of a healthy person versus a rich but diseased person. The natural flow is P–S–Q–R. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify the introductory sentence. P explicitly names the proverb and states that it will remain true for humanity, which makes it an ideal opening. Step 2: Look for a sentence that explains the meaning of the proverb. S does this directly: it states that health is more significant than wealth. Step 3: After introducing and explaining, good writing often gives an illustrative example. Q gives a clear contrast: a healthy person can perform tasks, but a wealthy person with an untreatable disease cannot buy good health. Step 4: R further strengthens the idea by pointing out that a healthy person, whether rich or poor, lives a happier and more peaceful life than a rich person with a diseased body. This works well as a reinforcing closing sentence. Verification / Alternative check: Read PSQR as a complete paragraph. The proverb is first presented (P), then its core message is clarified (S), followed by a specific example about tasks and untreatable disease (Q), and finally by a broader statement about happiness and peace (R). The paragraph feels natural and persuasive. Other orders such as SQRP or QRPS either begin abruptly with an explanation without mentioning the proverb or place examples before the core meaning, which is stylistically weaker. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - SQRP and QSPR: They do not start with the proverb and therefore lack a clear introductory anchor. - QRPS and RPQS: They present examples before clearly stating the proverb's meaning, leading to a slightly confusing structure. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes focus only on content similarity rather than paragraph structure. Always look for a sentence that introduces the topic or proverb by name. Next, find sentences that define or explain that topic. Finally, identify examples and summary statements. When you practise this approach regularly, para-jumbles become much easier to manage under time pressure. Final Answer: The most logical order of the sentences is PSQR.

Question 11

The following four labelled sentences P, Q, R and S, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph about the role of girls in society. Select the most logical order.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This para-jumble question presents four sentences about girls and their role in society. A coherent paragraph should begin with a general statement, then build up with supporting ideas, historical background and current changes. Your task is to order the sentences so that they form a clear and logically connected paragraph. Given Data / Assumptions: - Q: Girls are undoubtedly an indispensable part of our society. - S: No society or culture can progress without the presence of girls. - P: Until few years ago, people in India and several other underdeveloped and developing countries used to think that girls should stay at home, cook food and look after the kids and elderly. - R: But now the mindset has been changed; girls in India are bringing accolades to their parents and they are doing well in every field such as academics, sports, politics, etc. - We want an order that moves from general statement to explanation, then contrasts past and present attitudes. Concept / Approach: First, look for the sentence that introduces the main topic. Q states that girls are indispensable to society, which is a strong general opening. S then reinforces that message by emphasising that no society can progress without girls. After establishing this importance, P gives background about traditional beliefs that restricted girls to domestic roles. Finally, R contrasts this outdated mentality with the modern reality of girls succeeding in many fields. This yields the natural order Q–S–P–R. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Choose the introductory sentence. Q works best because it introduces girls as indispensable to society. Step 2: Follow with a sentence that strengthens the same idea. S states that progress is impossible without girls, which logically extends Q. Step 3: Next, bring in historical context. P describes previous attitudes in India and other developing countries where girls were expected to remain at home. Step 4: Conclude with a contrast showing how things have changed. R explains that girls are now bringing accolades and performing well in academics, sports, politics and more. Verification / Alternative check: Read QSPR as a single paragraph. It begins with the importance of girls (Q), strengthens that point (S), then talks about older restrictive views (P), and finally describes a positive shift in mindset (R). This structure creates a clear flow from general importance to social change. If you try starting with P or R, the paragraph feels less balanced because you either open with past details without context or with present achievements without first stating why girls matter for society as a whole. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - QRPS and QPSR: These disrupt the natural order by mixing present achievements, general statements and past attitudes in a less coherent way. - RQPS and RPQS: Starting with R or P makes the paragraph jump straight into specific time-based information without first establishing the core idea that girls are essential for social progress. Common Pitfalls: In para-jumble questions, learners sometimes grab on to time markers like “until few years ago” and assume they must always come first. In reality, you should first establish what the paragraph is about (topic and viewpoint), and only then move into timelines of change. Remember the pattern: topic sentence, supporting generalisation, past context, present contrast. Final Answer: The most logical order of the sentences is QSPR.

Question 12

The following four labelled sentences P, Q, R and S, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph describing forests. Select the most logical order of the sentences.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This para-jumble question asks you to arrange four sentences about forests into a coherent paragraph. The sentences mention forests as beautiful landscapes, a treasure house of nature, places that people visit and the experiences they offer. Your goal is to find an order that moves smoothly from description to human interaction and then to a broader concluding idea. Given Data / Assumptions: - P: Forests make for beautiful natural landscapes and scenery. - S: People enjoy going into the forests either on foot or on a safari. - Q: They offer visitors and tourists the beauty of trees and plants of all kinds and a large variety of wildlife that inhabits the area. - R: Forests are a treasure house of nature. - We assume the paragraph should be logically connected and stylistically pleasant, starting from a general visual description, moving to people's visits, then describing what they experience, and finally giving a summarising statement. Concept / Approach: A natural way to build a paragraph about forests is to begin with their visual appeal, then mention how people interact with them, then explain what visitors see, and end with a broader, almost philosophical statement. P talks about forests as beautiful landscapes and scenery, which is a good introduction. S follows by mentioning people enjoying trips into forests. Q then elaborates on what tourists see during these visits. Finally, R, which calls forests a “treasure house of nature”, works as a concluding remark summarising their importance. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Choose an opening that sets the scene. P, which highlights forests as beautiful natural landscapes, naturally introduces the topic. Step 2: After describing the scenery, we can talk about people's interaction with it. S explains that people enjoy going into forests on foot or on safari. Step 3: Q answers the implied question, “Why do they enjoy it?” by describing the beauty of trees, plants and wildlife that visitors encounter. Step 4: R serves well as a concluding statement, calling forests a treasure house of nature and summarising their overall value. Verification / Alternative check: Read PSQR as a continuous paragraph. It begins with the scenic beauty of forests (P), then introduces people's enjoyment and visits (S), then details what is seen (Q), and ends with a general statement about forests as a treasure house of nature (R). The progression is smooth and each sentence naturally leads to the next. Other sequences, such as QPRS or QRPS, start with pronouns like “They” in Q without a clear antecedent introduced first, which is stylistically weak and confusing. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - QPRS and QPSR: Starting with Q makes “They” unclear because the noun “Forests” has not yet been introduced explicitly. - QRPS and RPQS: These orders disrupt the flow by jumping between description, conclusion and visitor experience in a less organised manner, weakening coherence. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes overlook pronoun references like “They” and “Them”. When a sentence begins with a pronoun, you should check whether the noun it refers to has already been introduced. If not, that sentence is unlikely to be the first one. Always use this pronoun-antecedent check as a quick test when solving para-jumbles. Final Answer: The most logical order of the sentences is PSQR.

Question 13

The following four labelled sentences P, Q, R and S, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph about inculcating honesty in children. Select the most logical order.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This para-jumble focuses on the moral value of honesty and how it should be developed in children. The sentences mention early inculcation, the long-term stability of the value, the danger of early dishonesty, and the role of stories. To find the correct order, you must identify an introduction, development, warning and method of inculcation in a coherent sequence. Given Data / Assumptions: - P: Honesty is a moral value that must be inculcated in childhood. - R: The value then takes firm foundation and can see one through life. - S: If the trait of dishonesty starts at a young age, it becomes a habit difficult to change. - Q: Through stories children can be exposed to the virtue of honesty, so that they can easily comprehend why dishonesty should be avoided, and how honesty is vital for life. - We need an order that begins with the basic claim, shows its long-term effect, warns about the opposite trait, and presents the method to inculcate honesty. Concept / Approach: A logical structure here is: introduce the main idea, describe its positive impact, warn about the negative alternative, and then present a practical method to build the value. Sentence P clearly introduces honesty as a moral value that must be inculcated in childhood. R follows naturally by explaining that when inculcated early, the value takes firm root and supports a person throughout life. S then warns that starting dishonesty early makes it difficult to change later. Finally, Q explains how stories can be used to instil honesty and discourage dishonesty. Thus, the coherent order is P–R–S–Q. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: P is the natural introduction because it defines honesty and states that it should be inculcated in childhood. Step 2: R builds on this by saying that once the value is properly rooted, it supports a person throughout life, showing the positive outcome of early inculcation. Step 3: S presents the contrasting danger: if dishonesty starts early instead, it becomes a habit hard to change, giving a warning. Step 4: Q then explains a method for ensuring honesty rather than dishonesty – using stories to teach children why dishonesty must be avoided and why honesty is vital. Verification / Alternative check: Read PRSQ as a paragraph. It starts with a clear statement on honesty in childhood, then affirms the long-term benefit, warns about early dishonesty, and finally offers stories as a teaching tool. The flow is logical and complete. Other arrangements like QRPS would awkwardly start with the method of stories before even establishing why honesty is crucial in childhood, which is less coherent as a piece of writing. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - RSPQ and RPQS: These open with R or R–S, mentioning “The value” without first clearly introducing honesty and its early inculcation; this feels abrupt. - QRPS and QSPR: Starting with Q jumps into the method (stories) before defining the main value and its consequences, which is not ideal for a well-structured paragraph. Common Pitfalls: Examinees sometimes jump to the sentence that looks most detailed (such as Q) and assume it must come first. However, good paragraphs usually begin with a clear, general statement of the main idea. When solving para-jumbles, always ask yourself: “Which sentence could stand alone as a topic sentence?” That will usually guide you to the correct starting point. Final Answer: The most logical order of the sentences is PRSQ.

Question 14

The following four labelled sentences P, Q, R and S, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph about moral values and righteous behaviour. Select the most logical order.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This para-jumble revolves around the idea of a righteous person and how moral values influence behaviour and inner peace. The sentences mention a definition of righteousness, how such a person acts, their emotional state, and how behaviour reflects morals and ethics. Your task is to arrange these in a sequence that reads as a clear and meaningful paragraph. Given Data / Assumptions: - S: A person who is righteous is one who has developed moral values and lives by them. - Q: Such persons follow their moral values whatever difficulty they may have to encounter in the process. - R: They do not fear punishment and stay in a state of peace and contentment. - P: Our behavior and character speak of the morals and ethics that we live by. - We want an order that starts with a definition, then describes actions, emotional state, and finally comments on behaviour and character in general. Concept / Approach: A sensible paragraph structure here is: define the righteous person, explain how such a person behaves, describe the inner results of that behaviour, and then summarise with a general statement about behaviour and morals. Sentence S clearly offers a definition of a righteous person, so it should come first. Q continues by describing how such persons follow moral values even when it is difficult. R then explains the emotional reward: they do not fear punishment and live in peace and contentment. P, which makes a broader statement about behaviour and character reflecting morals, works well as a concluding sentence. Hence, the best order is S–Q–R–P. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Choose the definition as the starting point. S defines a righteous person, so it naturally introduces the main subject. Step 2: Q logically follows because “Such persons” explicitly refers back to the righteous individuals defined in S, describing what they do when faced with difficulties. Step 3: R carries the idea forward by describing the internal state of those people: freedom from fear of punishment and a sense of peace and contentment. Step 4: P generalises the theme, stating that our behaviour and character reflect our morals and ethics, which neatly wraps up the paragraph. Verification / Alternative check: Read SQRP as one paragraph: first a clear definition, then description of consistent behaviour, then inner peace, and finally a general observation. The flow from specific description of righteous people to a general statement about all people's behaviour is logical. Starting with P instead, as in PSQR, would introduce behaviour and character without focusing immediately on “a righteous person”, making the paragraph less focused on the main subject. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - QRPS and QSPR: These begin with Q (“Such persons…”) without introducing who “Such persons” are, which is confusing without S first. - RPQS: Starts with R (“They do not fear punishment…”) where “They” has no clear reference, disrupting coherence. - PSQR: P as an opening is possible, but then S, Q and R follow in a less tight, less focused order than S–Q–R–P. Common Pitfalls: Para-jumble questions often hide the correct order behind pronouns such as “they” and phrases like “such persons”. Always identify which sentence introduces the subject and which sentences depend on that introduction. In this case, noticing that “Such persons” refers back to “a person who is righteous” is the key to unlocking the correct sequence. Final Answer: The most logical order of the sentences is SQRP.

Question 15

The following four labelled sentences P, Q, R and S, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph about leaders addressing the World Economic Forum at Davos. Select the most logical order of the sentences.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This para-jumble question discusses what a political leader can do when addressing the plenary session of the World Economic Forum at Davos. The sentences mention two opportunities and then comment on the global shortage of true statesmen. You must determine the order that presents these ideas clearly and logically. Given Data / Assumptions: - P: Any leader asked to address the plenary session of the World Economic Forum at Davos has an opportunity to do two things. - Q: The first is to pitch his (or her) country strongly to foreign companies and investors. - R: The second is to build the brand of both the individual and the country by looking at issues and concerns beyond those that just concern his or her country. - S: The world, after all, is sorely lacking in statesmen (and stateswomen) of global stature. - We want an order that introduces the situation, lists two opportunities in order, and ends with a broader reflection. Concept / Approach: The sentence that mentions “two things” clearly belongs at the beginning, because it sets up a list. That is P. Q naturally describes “the first” of these two things, and R describes “the second”. Finally, S is a reflective sentence commenting on the global lack of statesmen, which serves as a concluding observation after discussing what a leader can do at Davos. Thus, the coherent order is P–Q–R–S. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify the sentence that sets up the structure. P talks about an opportunity to do two things, so it must come before any mention of first or second. Step 2: Q begins with “The first is…”, clearly referring back to the “two things” in P, so Q logically follows P. Step 3: R begins with “The second is…”, which must follow the “first” mentioned in Q, so R comes third. Step 4: S does not fit into the numbered list; instead, it provides a broader comment about the world lacking leaders of global stature, so it is best placed at the end as a concluding thought. Verification / Alternative check: Read PQRS as a complete paragraph. It introduces a leader's two opportunities at Davos, then lists and explains the first opportunity (pitching the country to investors), followed by the second (building the broader brand of country and leader by addressing global issues), and finally comments on the scarcity of true global statesmen. The flow is logical and satisfying. Any other ordering, such as QPRS or RPQS, would separate the introduction from its corresponding “first” and “second” explanations, making the paragraph confusing. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - QPRS: Starts with “The first” without explaining what two things are being referred to, which is illogical without P first. - RPQS and RQPS: Similarly misplace R, the “second”, breaking the clear numerical order set up by P. Common Pitfalls: When you see words like “first”, “second”, “latter” and “former”, pay immediate attention to the sentence that introduces the list or comparison. Incorrect orders usually separate these references from their anchors. Always try to keep such numbered or paired items together and in sequence to preserve clarity. Final Answer: The most logical order of the sentences is PQRS.

Question 16

The following four labelled sentences P, Q, R and S, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph describing World War I. Select the most logical order.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This para-jumble deals with a brief description of World War I. The sentences talk about when the war began and ended, who fought, the nature of the fighting and weapons, and the final casualty figures. A well-ordered paragraph should move from basic facts to participants, then to the character of the war, and finally to its consequences. Given Data / Assumptions: - P: World War I began in 1914, after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, and lasted until 1918. - R: During the conflict, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire (the Central Powers) fought against Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Romania, Japan and the United States (the Allied Powers). - Q: Thanks to new military technologies and the horrors of trench warfare, World War I saw unprecedented levels of carnage and destruction. - S: By the time the war was over and the Allied Powers claimed victory, more than 16 million people – soldiers and civilians alike – were dead. - We assume the paragraph should first state what the war was and its time frame, then name the participants, then describe how it was fought, and finally report the scale of casualties. Concept / Approach: Sentence P clearly introduces World War I, giving its starting event and duration, so it is the natural opening. After we know when it happened, it makes sense to learn who fought it, which is described in R. Once the main players are introduced, Q explains the nature of warfare and technology that led to high levels of destruction. Finally, S comments on the outcome and the death toll, which ties up the description with a grim conclusion. Thus, the best sequence is P–R–Q–S. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Start with P, which sets the historical context of World War I and mentions the assassination that triggered it. Step 2: Follow with R, which introduces the Central Powers and Allied Powers, describing who fought on each side. Step 3: Use Q next to explain how new technologies and trench warfare made this conflict unusually destructive. Step 4: Close with S, which summarises the loss of life and states that the Allied Powers finally claimed victory. Verification / Alternative check: Reading PRQS as a paragraph gives a clear, chronological and logical progression: origin and duration (P), belligerent nations (R), type of warfare (Q), and casualties plus final victory (S). If you try PSQR or SPQR, the flow becomes less natural because the casualty figures should logically come after, not before, a description of the war's nature and participants. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - SPQR and SQPR: These start with casualty figures or descriptive horror before properly introducing what World War I is and who fought, which is less informative for a short summary paragraph. - PSQR: Jumps from introduction (P) to casualties (S) and then to participants (Q, R), which is not an ideal logical order. Common Pitfalls: In historical para-jumbles, learners sometimes focus only on dates and assume the sentence mentioning deaths must come immediately after the introduction. However, a good historical summary usually follows the pattern: when, who, how, and what consequences. Keeping this structure in mind helps you quickly test different arrangements and choose the one that reads most like a textbook explanation. Final Answer: The most logical order of the sentences is PRQS.

Question 17

The following four labelled sentences P, Q, R and S, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph about India’s Republic Day celebrations. Select the most logical order.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This para-jumble question focuses on Republic Day celebrations in India. The sentences mention the date, the location, the nature of the celebration, and the ceremonial parade. The aim is to arrange them in a sequence that starts with the basic fact, then adds details about where and how the day is celebrated. Given Data / Assumptions: - P: Republic Day of India is celebrated every year on 26th of January. - Q: A huge celebration event is organised annually in the national capital, New Delhi. - R: It is celebrated at the Rajpath, India Gate before the President of India. - S: A grand ceremonial parade of Indian army takes place at Rajpath to honour the Indian Flag. - We need an order that starts with the date and occasion, then moves to the city, the exact venue and the main highlight of the celebration. Concept / Approach: Sentence P is the natural starting point because it states what is celebrated and on which date. Q then zooms in to the national capital, New Delhi, where the main celebration takes place. R specifies the exact location within the capital, Rajpath at India Gate, and mentions the presence of the President. Finally, S highlights the grand ceremonial parade of the Indian Army at the same venue. Thus, the logical progression is P–Q–R–S, moving from general to specific details. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Start with P, which introduces Republic Day and the fixed date of 26th January. Step 2: Add Q, noting that a huge celebration event is organised each year in New Delhi, the national capital, which narrows the location. Step 3: Insert R, which further narrows the celebration venue to Rajpath at India Gate and mentions that it is held before the President of India. Step 4: Finish with S, which describes the highlight of the event – the grand ceremonial parade honouring the Indian flag. Verification / Alternative check: Reading PQRS as a paragraph gives a clear picture: what, when, where and how. Any other sequence, such as QRPS, would start with the event in New Delhi without first explaining what is being celebrated, and QSRP would jumble venue and parade, making the structure less smooth. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - SRQP, QSRP and RSPQ: These arrangements disturb the natural order from date to city to venue to parade, causing minor confusion and breaking the logical build-up of details. Common Pitfalls: In questions about festivals or national days, some learners are tempted to begin with the most dramatic detail, such as the parade. However, a well-structured paragraph usually starts with the name and date of the event and then adds layers of detail. Always check which sentence clearly names the event and treat it as a strong candidate for the opening line. Final Answer: The most logical order of the sentences is PQRS.

Question 18

The following four labelled sentences P, Q, R and S, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph about the Hindu festival of Holi. Select the most logical order.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This para-jumble describes the Hindu festival of Holi. The sentences mention the month, the two-day nature of the festival, the rituals of Holika Dahan and the playing of colours. A coherent paragraph needs to introduce the festival, explain its structure and then describe each day's events in order. Given Data / Assumptions: - Q: Holi is a religious Hindu festival celebrated with lots of preparations in the month of Phalgun. - P: People celebrate it as a two-day festival; first day as Holika Dahan and second day as colourful Holi. - R: At Holika Dahan, they burn a heap of sticks, straws and cow-dung cakes lying in the mid of streets in the late evening or night. - S: And, next day in the morning, they celebrate a colorful Holi by playing colours with friends, family members and neighbours. - We need an order that introduces the festival, states it is a two-day celebration, then explains what happens on each day in correct sequence. Concept / Approach: The best opening is Q, which names the festival and mentions when and how it is celebrated. Next, P tells us that Holi is a two-day festival and identifies the names of each day: Holika Dahan and colourful Holi. Once we know the structure, R should come next to describe the first day's ritual of burning a heap of sticks and other materials. Finally, S describes the second day's joyful colour play. This gives a smooth and chronological narrative: Q–P–R–S. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Choose Q as the introduction, as it defines Holi and sets the time period (month of Phalgun). Step 2: Add P to explain that it is a two-day festival and to label the days as Holika Dahan and colourful Holi. Step 3: Insert R to describe the specific ritual of Holika Dahan, which is performed on the first day. Step 4: Conclude with S, which narrates the colourful celebration on the second day with family, friends and neighbours. Verification / Alternative check: Reading QPRS as one paragraph makes sense: first you learn what Holi is, then that it is a two-day festival, then what happens on day one, and finally what happens on day two. Starting with P or R would be confusing because they immediately mention Holika Dahan or “it” (the festival) without clear introduction. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - PQRS: Starts with P, which refers to “it” (the festival) before introducing Holi explicitly. - RPQS and QRPS: Misplace the explanations of each day, breaking the chronological order of first day then second day. Common Pitfalls: In festival-based para-jumbles, always locate the sentence that names the festival and explains when it is celebrated; that typically serves as the best opening. Look for time-sequence markers such as “first day”, “next day”, “then”, and place sentences accordingly to maintain the correct timeline of events. Final Answer: The most logical order of the sentences is QPRS.

Question 19

The following four labelled sentences P, Q, R and S, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph about recycling and personal responsibility. Select the most logical order.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This para-jumble explains how recycling influences people's behaviour, their purchasing decisions and the benefits of this shift. The sentences mention personal responsibility, thinking about disposal, cutting down on unwanted purchases and saving money while helping the planet. A logical order should show cause and effect in a smooth progression. Given Data / Assumptions: - Q: Recycling your waste makes you more responsible in the way you use and dispose of it. - R: It is evident from studies that people who do this instinctively cut down on buying unwanted things from the supermarket. - S: They think of how to dispose of the packaging or the product after use before even buying it. - P: As a result, people end up saving a considerable amount of money while also saving the planet. - We need an order that starts with recycling as the cause, then describes changes in thinking and behaviour, and ends with the combined financial and environmental benefits. Concept / Approach: Q is the natural starting point because it introduces the main idea: recycling waste makes people more responsible in their usage and disposal habits. R then provides evidence from studies that people who recycle cut down on buying unwanted items. S goes deeper by explaining the thought process: they think about disposal even before buying. P concludes with the result: saving money and contributing to environmental conservation. Putting this together, the logical order is Q–R–S–P. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Begin with Q, which states the key idea that recycling leads to greater personal responsibility in consumption and waste disposal. Step 2: Follow with R, which supports Q by citing studies showing that such responsible people reduce impulse or unnecessary purchases. Step 3: Add S, which explains how this reduction happens: they think about the eventual disposal of products and packaging before buying. Step 4: Finish with P, which sums up the positive outcomes: saving money and helping to save the planet. Verification / Alternative check: Read QRSP uninterrupted. It starts from the principle (recycling changes responsibility), moves to evidence (studies), then to the psychological process (thinking about disposal), and ends with clear benefits (money and environmental savings). This creates a strong cause-and-effect chain. Other sequences, such as QPRS, would bring in the result too early before fully explaining the intermediate behaviour, making the reasoning feel incomplete. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - RQSP and SRQP: These start from consequences or research findings without first stating the core idea about recycling and responsibility, which weakens coherence. - QPRS: Jumping from Q directly to P skips an explanation of how behaviour changes, so the link between recycling and saving money/planet is less clear. Common Pitfalls: When dealing with cause-effect paragraphs, learners sometimes mix up the middle steps, putting conclusions in the middle and details at the end. To avoid this, identify the starting cause, then look for statements that use phrases like “It is evident”, “As a result”, or “Therefore”. These should normally appear later, not at the beginning, and help you place sentences in a logical sequence. Final Answer: The most logical order of the sentences is QRSP.

Question 20

The following four labelled sentences P, Q, R and S, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph about the concept and evolution of media. Select the most logical order.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This para-jumble explains what the word “media” means, its origin, and how it has expanded from print to electronic and digital forms. The sentences mention the derivation from “medium”, the initial reference to books and newspapers, the modern extension to other platforms, and the role of media in addressing large audiences. You must choose the order that tells this story clearly. Given Data / Assumptions: - P: The word ‘media’ is derived from the word medium, signifying mode or carrier. - S: The word was first used in respect of books and newspapers i.e. print media and with the advent of technology, media now encompasses television, movies, radio and internet. - Q: Media is intended to reach and address a large target group or audience. - R: In today’s world, media becomes as essential as our daily needs. - We want a sequence that begins with the origin of the term, then its historical use and expansion, then its purpose, and finally its present-day importance. Concept / Approach: Sentence P clearly introduces the origin of the word “media” from “medium”, which is the logical starting point. S follows naturally by explaining the early usage for print media and the later inclusion of electronic and digital platforms. Q then states the core function of media: to reach a large audience. R rounds off the paragraph by stressing the essential nature of media in modern life. Thus, the coherent order is P–S–Q–R. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Select P as the introductory sentence because it defines the derivation of the term “media”. Step 2: Place S next, since it describes how the term was first used for books and newspapers and later expanded to TV, movies, radio and internet as technology advanced. Step 3: Add Q, which explains the fundamental purpose of all these forms of media: reaching and addressing a large audience. Step 4: End with R, which comments on the present-day reality that media is as essential as our daily needs, tying the historical explanation to current life. Verification / Alternative check: Reading PSQR continuously gives a well-structured mini-essay: the origin of the word, its historical and technological evolution, its purpose, and its significance today. Starting with S or Q instead would either jump into the historical use without explaining the term’s origin or talk about the purpose and importance of media without first defining it, making the paragraph feel incomplete or out of order. Why Other Options Are Wrong: - SPQR, SQRP, and SRQP: These begin with S or S-related sequences, discussing usage and technology before clearly introducing the word’s derivation, which is conceptually less clean. - QSPR: Starts with purpose without explaining what media is or where the term comes from, weakening the logical build-up. Common Pitfalls: In definition-based para-jumbles, learners often get attracted to sentences that mention modern-day importance and place them first. However, good explanatory writing usually starts with the origin or definition, then covers evolution, function and present relevance in that order. Recognising this pattern will help you solve many similar questions efficiently. Final Answer: The most logical order of the sentences is PSQR.

English Questions