Question 1

In the following sentence, a blank has been left which must be filled with the most appropriate word. Choose the option that best completes the sentence.  Boys and girls ________ enjoy playing with the building blocks.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question tests your understanding of the word "alike" when used to indicate that two groups share the same characteristic. The sentence describes both boys and girls and says that they have the same enjoyment of playing with building blocks. The most natural way to express this in English is to say that they enjoy it "alike", meaning equally or in the same way. Given Data / Assumptions: The sentence is: "Boys and girls ________ enjoy playing with the building blocks." The subject consists of two groups: boys and girls. The predicate "enjoy playing with the building blocks" is shared by both groups. Options: dislike, like, even, alike. We assume the intention is to say that both groups enjoy the activity equally. Concept / Approach: In English, "alike" can be used after two nouns to mean "equally" or "in the same manner", especially in the structure "X and Y alike". The expression "X and Y alike enjoy..." is a standard way of saying that both X and Y enjoy something to the same extent. The other options either contradict the verb "enjoy" ("dislike") or do not fit grammatically ("like" and "even" in this position). Therefore, "alike" is the correct choice. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recognise that the sentence compares boys and girls with respect to their enjoyment of playing with building blocks.Step 2: Test "alike": "Boys and girls alike enjoy playing with the building blocks." This reads smoothly and clearly expresses that both groups enjoy the activity equally.Step 3: Test "dislike": this would contradict "enjoy", because you cannot "dislike enjoy" something. The sentence would make no sense.Step 4: Test "like": "Boys and girls like enjoy playing..." is grammatically wrong because "like" and "enjoy" are both verbs and cannot be used back to back in this way.Step 5: Test "even": "Boys and girls even enjoy playing..." is awkward and does not convey the idea of equality between the two groups. It usually needs a different structure, such as "Even boys and girls enjoy...". Verification / Alternative check: Compare with other standard uses: "Rich and poor alike suffer in war", "Young and old alike were moved by the speech". In each case, "alike" follows a pair of nouns and indicates that both categories share the same condition or feeling. The test sentence has exactly the same pattern with "Boys and girls alike enjoy...". This parallel structure confirms that "alike" is the correct and idiomatic choice. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A, "dislike", is the opposite of "enjoy" and cannot logically be placed before "enjoy" in this way. Option B, "like", would create a double verb construction ("like enjoy") which is incorrect. Option C, "even", is an adverb that would need to modify the subject or the entire sentence differently, not placed directly before "enjoy" without restructuring. None of these alternatives express the idea that boys and girls share the same enjoyment in a grammatically correct form. Common Pitfalls: Some learners may try to create "Boys and girls even enjoy..." because they have seen "even" used to emphasise surprising subjects. However, the given sentence is not about surprise; it is about equal enjoyment. Others might think "like" is similar to "enjoy" and try to use both, but that leads to redundancy and grammatical error. Remember that "alike" is the word that signals equal treatment of the two groups mentioned before it. Final Answer: The correct completion is: "Boys and girls alike enjoy playing with the building blocks."

Question 2

In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the word that is most similar in meaning to the given word.  Fissure

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This vocabulary question asks you to find the synonym of the word "fissure". A fissure is usually understood as a long, narrow opening or crack, especially in rock or the earth. To answer correctly, you need to connect this meaning with the closest option and reject words that describe joining, mixing, or twisting together, which are the opposite of splitting or cracking. Given Data / Assumptions: Target word: "Fissure". Options: Agglutinate, Blend, Cleavage, Entwine. We assume standard dictionary meanings for all the words. "Fissure" commonly appears in geology, medicine, and general descriptions of cracks or splits. Concept / Approach: The noun "fissure" refers to a split, crack, or narrow opening. For example, "a fissure in the rock" or "a fissure in the earth's crust." It can also be used figuratively to describe divisions in society. The closest synonym among the options is "cleavage", which in one sense means a split or division. The other options all suggest some form of joining or intertwining, which is conceptually opposite to splitting apart. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall the meaning of "fissure": a narrow opening or crack resulting from some splitting or breaking process.Step 2: Examine "cleavage". Apart from its biological or anatomical meanings, it also means the act of splitting or a split itself, as in "cleavage planes in a mineral". This matches the idea of a fissure.Step 3: Examine "agglutinate". This verb means to stick together or cause to adhere, especially in a medical or linguistic sense. It is about joining, not splitting.Step 4: Examine "blend". This verb means to mix or combine things together so that they become one, again the opposite of creating a split.Step 5: Examine "entwine". This means to twist together or around, such as vines entwining around a tree. This also suggests joining, not cracking. Therefore, "cleavage" is the best synonym. Verification / Alternative check: Consider example sentences: "A deep fissure ran across the valley floor" can be rephrased as "A deep cleavage ran across the valley floor" in a poetic or geological context. Similarly, in geology, both "cleavage" and "fissures" describe structural features resulting from stress and splitting. In contrast, "agglutinate", "blend", and "entwine" would not make sense in such contexts because they refer to sticking or mixing things together, not to openings or cracks. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A, "Agglutinate", is used for particles or cells clumping together, as in blood cells agglutinating. It is about joining, not splitting. Option B, "Blend", is about mixing substances so thoroughly that they lose their separate identities, for example, blending colours or flavours. Option D, "Entwine", involves wrapping or twisting things together, again a joining action. None of these capture the idea of a crack or split. Only option C, "Cleavage", correctly reflects the concept of a fissure as a division or opening. Common Pitfalls: Some candidates may be distracted by the fact that "cleavage" is also used to describe the space between parts of the body, but they forget its more general meaning related to splitting. Others might not know "agglutinate" or "entwine" well and guess randomly. To avoid this, it helps to build a strong vocabulary base and to remember that many words have multiple senses; you must choose the one that best matches the context of the question. Final Answer: The word most similar in meaning to "fissure" is Cleavage.

Question 3

In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the word that is most similar in meaning to the given word.  Morbid

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question tests your understanding of the adjective "morbid", which often appears in discussions about health, psychology, and attitudes toward death and disease. A morbid interest is an unhealthy or abnormal fascination with unpleasant, especially gruesome, subjects. To choose the right synonym, you must match this dark, disturbing sense, not simply any strong or lively feeling. Given Data / Assumptions: Target word: "Morbid". Options: Ghastly, Animated, Buoyant, Jaunty. We assume standard dictionary meanings for all options. "Morbid" has both medical and psychological connotations, but in general usage it often refers to grim or gloomy attitudes. Concept / Approach: The word "morbid" can describe something relating to disease (as in "morbid anatomy") or, more commonly in general English, an unhealthy interest in disturbing topics such as death, accidents, or horror. The emotional tone is dark, grim, and unpleasant. Among the options, "ghastly" comes closest to this mood, as it means horrible, frightful, or shocking, often associated with death or ghosts. The other three options describe cheerful, lively, or upbeat qualities, which are the opposite of morbid. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall that "morbid curiosity" refers to a fascination with ugly or gruesome details, such as accidents or crimes.Step 2: Check "ghastly". This word means shockingly frightful or dreadful, often suggesting horror or something deathlike in appearance.Step 3: Compare "morbid" and "ghastly": both are used in contexts involving death, horror, or sickness, making "ghastly" a strong synonym.Step 4: Examine "animated". It means full of life or energy, which is the direct opposite of morbid's gloomy tone.Step 5: Examine "buoyant" (cheerful, optimistic) and "jaunty" (lively and self confident). These are also positive, lively words and therefore cannot be synonyms of "morbid". Verification / Alternative check: Use the words in sample sentences: "He had a morbid fascination with horror movies" could be paraphrased as "He had a ghastly fascination with horror movies" in terms of emotional tone. On the other hand, "an animated conversation", "a buoyant mood", or "a jaunty hat" all evoke cheerful, energetic images, which clash with the sombre and disturbing meaning of "morbid". This contrast confirms that only "ghastly" fits as a synonym here. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option B, "Animated", suggests energy and liveliness, used for characters, films, or conversations. Option C, "Buoyant", means cheerful, optimistic, or able to float, again a positive idea. Option D, "Jaunty", describes a lively, carefree style or manner. All three words convey brightness and energy, which is completely opposite to the dark, gloomy, or death related sense of "morbid". As a result, they cannot be considered synonyms in this context. Common Pitfalls: Some students may not know "morbid" well and might guess based on sound rather than meaning. Others might confuse it with "moribund", which specifically means near death or in terminal decline, but the emotional tone is similar. To avoid such errors, build associations: "morbid fascination", "morbid thoughts", and "ghastly scenes" all point to horror and gloom. This mental link helps you quickly discard positive, lively options in exam settings. Final Answer: The word most similar in meaning to "morbid" is Ghastly.

Question 4

In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the word that is opposite in meaning to the given word.  Abeyance

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This antonym question tests your knowledge of the word "abeyance", which is often used in formal or legal contexts. To find the opposite, you must first clearly understand what "abeyance" means. It refers to a state of temporary suspension or inactivity, when something is not currently in use or being enforced. The correct antonym will therefore express ongoing action, operation, or continuation, rather than rest or dormancy. Given Data / Assumptions: Target word: "Abeyance". Options: Dormancy, Quiescence, Latency, Continuation. We assume standard dictionary meanings for all options. In typical usage, a project, law, or policy can be "held in abeyance" when it is temporarily not being implemented. Concept / Approach: "Abeyance" means a temporary state of disuse, suspension, or inactivity. For example, "The plan was held in abeyance" means the plan was put on hold. Therefore, its opposite should convey the idea of being in effect, active, or ongoing. Among the options, "Continuation" captures this idea clearly, as it means the act of continuing or the state of being continued. The other three options all describe some form of inactivity or dormancy, which are actually synonyms of "abeyance", not antonyms. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Define "abeyance" as a state in which something is temporarily inactive, suspended, or not in force.Step 2: Check "dormancy". This refers to a period of sleep, rest, or inactivity, like seeds lying dormant. This is similar to abeyance.Step 3: Check "quiescence". This means being quiet or inactive, again echoing the idea of suspension.Step 4: Check "latency". This refers to being present but not yet active, visible, or developed, another near synonym for abeyance.Step 5: Check "continuation". This is the process of carrying on or persisting in an activity, which is the direct opposite of suspension. Therefore, "continuation" is the correct antonym. Verification / Alternative check: Consider the phrase "in abeyance" alongside "in continuation". If a policy is "in abeyance", it is on hold; if it is "in continuation", it is still being applied. Similarly, a legal case "held in abeyance" is paused, whereas one that is "in continuation" is moving forward. The clear contrast in meaning supports "continuation" as the opposite of "abeyance". The other options simply restate the idea of inactivity in different words. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A, "Dormancy", refers to a sleeping or inactive state and is commonly used for volcanoes, plants, or organisations during inactive periods; it is close in meaning to abeyance. Option B, "Quiescence", emphasises a quiet, motionless state and again implies non activity. Option C, "Latency", is a state of existing but not yet being manifest or active, like a latent infection. All three support the idea of something that is not currently in operation. None of them express ongoing action or implementation, so they cannot be antonyms of abeyance. Common Pitfalls: Examinees sometimes pick a synonym rather than an antonym when they do not read the question word "opposite" carefully. Because "abeyance" is a relatively formal word, they may also be unsure of its meaning and guess from context. To avoid this, remember common phrases such as "plans kept in abeyance" and connect them with "suspended", "on hold", or "temporarily inactive". Once the meaning is clear, "continuation" naturally emerges as the opposite. Final Answer: The word opposite in meaning to "abeyance" is Continuation.

Question 5

In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the word that is opposite in meaning to the given word.  Callow

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This antonym question focuses on the adjective "callow", which is often used to describe young people who lack experience or maturity. To find the opposite, you must think of a word that expresses worldliness, refinement, or maturity. The correct answer will be a term that contrasts sharply with being green, naive, or immature. Given Data / Assumptions: Target word: "Callow". Options: Inexperienced, Jejune, Sophisticated, Juvenile. We assume standard meanings: "callow" meaning immature, green, or lacking experience. Three of the options appear to have meanings related to youth or inexperience. Concept / Approach: "Callow" typically describes someone, especially a young person, who is immature or lacking life experience. Synonyms include "inexperienced", "naive", "green", and even "jejune" in some contexts. Therefore, the antonym must denote maturity, experience, and worldliness. Among the options, "sophisticated" is the only word that carries this meaning, suggesting someone who is experienced, cultured, or refined. The other options actually reinforce the idea of youth or inexperience and so are synonyms rather than opposites. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Define "callow" as immature, inexperienced, or lacking adult sophistication.Step 2: Examine "inexperienced". This directly repeats the idea of lacking experience, making it a synonym, not an antonym.Step 3: Examine "jejune". This word can mean naive, simplistic, or superficial — again a type of immaturity, so it is also close in meaning to "callow".Step 4: Examine "juvenile". This means youthful or childish, which also aligns with the idea of immaturity.Step 5: Examine "sophisticated". This means experienced, cultured, and worldly-wise, which is the opposite of being callow. Therefore, "sophisticated" is the correct antonym. Verification / Alternative check: Use them in sentences: "He is a callow youth with little understanding of the world" contrasts naturally with "She is a sophisticated woman with years of experience in international business." Similarly, "a callow performance" suggests lack of polish, whereas "a sophisticated performance" suggests polish and depth. Trying to substitute "inexperienced", "jejune", or "juvenile" for "callow" in the original sentence would change it very little, confirming they are synonyms rather than opposites. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A, "Inexperienced", aligns directly with the meaning of "callow" and is therefore a synonym. Option B, "Jejune", suggests naive, simplistic, or insubstantial ideas — again, not mature or sophisticated. Option D, "Juvenile", refers to youthfulness or childlike behaviour, which fits with immaturity. All three options reinforce the same basic concept of being young or inexperienced and so cannot be antonyms. Only option C, "Sophisticated", provides a clear, logical opposite. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes confuse "antonym" with "synonym" under exam pressure, especially when several options feel semantically close to the given word. Another pitfall is not knowing the less common word "jejune" and guessing its meaning. To avoid errors, always read the question carefully and, where possible, classify each option as "similar", "opposite", or "unrelated" before choosing. Recognising that "callow" means immature makes "sophisticated" stand out as the only reasonable opposite. Final Answer: The word opposite in meaning to "callow" is Sophisticated.

Question 6

In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the option that best expresses the meaning of the given idiom or phrase.  Get on the nerves

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This idiom question asks for the meaning of the phrase "get on the nerves". In everyday English, this expression is used when someone or something constantly annoys or irritates you. To answer correctly, you must focus on the emotional effect on the person whose nerves are being affected, not on changes in their confidence or strength. Given Data / Assumptions: Idiom: "Get on the nerves". Options: To be an irritant; To lose confidence; To become very sensitive; cry easily; To become very strong emotionally. We assume the idiom is used in its common figurative sense, as in "You are getting on my nerves". Concept / Approach: When someone says "You are getting on my nerves", they mean "You are annoying me" or "You are irritating me." The image is that constant noise, behaviour, or demands are wearing down a person's patience. The idiom does not mean that the person is losing confidence or becoming stronger; it simply describes irritation caused by the other party. Therefore, the correct answer is the option that captures that idea of being an irritant. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall common usage: "That sound is really getting on my nerves" or "His constant complaints get on my nerves."Step 2: Understand that in both examples the speaker feels annoyed or irritated.Step 3: Examine option A, "To be an irritant". This matches the idea of causing irritation or annoyance.Step 4: Examine option B, "To lose confidence". This describes a decrease in self belief, which is not the meaning of the idiom.Step 5: Examine options C and D, which talk about becoming sensitive or strong emotionally. These refer to changes in the person's internal state, not the effect of another's behaviour on their patience. Therefore, option A is the only correct choice. Verification / Alternative check: Try substituting the options into sample sentences: "His habits really get on my nerves." If you paraphrase this as "His habits really irritate me", it fits perfectly. However, paraphrasing it as "His habits make me lose confidence" or "make me strong emotionally" does not match typical usage. Similarly, "The noise of construction gets on my nerves" clearly means it is annoying or irritating, not that it is making someone emotionally strong or overly sensitive in a general sense. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option B, "To lose confidence", might occur in other contexts, but the idiom "get on the nerves" never means causing loss of self confidence. Option C, "To become very sensitive; cry easily", describes a general personality trait and not the specific reaction of being irritated by someone's repeated behaviour. Option D, "To become very strong emotionally", is the opposite of what usually happens when your nerves are being worn down. None of these match the idiom's real meaning. Common Pitfalls: Some students misinterpret "nerves" as referring only to nervousness or fear, and may assume the idiom has to do with courage or confidence. In fact, everyday phrases like "You are getting on my nerves" or "That is nerve wracking" relate more to stress and annoyance. To avoid confusion, link "get on someone's nerves" with other expressions like "bug someone" or "drive someone crazy", all of which describe irritation. Final Answer: The idiom "get on the nerves" means to be an irritant, that is, to annoy or bother someone repeatedly.

Question 7

In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the option that best expresses the meaning of the given idiom or phrase.  Keep under one's hat

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This idiom question asks for the meaning of the phrase "keep under one's hat". In English, this expression is used when you want someone to keep information confidential and not tell others. It does not refer literally to hiding money or objects under a hat, but figuratively to hiding an idea or plan in your mind, unseen by others. Given Data / Assumptions: Idiom: "Keep under one's hat". Options: Keep all your wealth in your home; To keep something a secret; Steal and hide something; Take care of somebody else's valuables given to you for safe keeping. We assume the idiom is being used in its common figurative sense about information, not physical objects. Concept / Approach: To "keep something under your hat" means to keep it to yourself, not to reveal it publicly. The hat symbolically covers your head, where your thoughts are, so the image suggests that the information remains hidden in your mind. The correct answer must therefore refer to secrecy about information, not to physical storage or theft. Among the given options, "To keep something a secret" exactly captures this idea. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall common usage of the idiom, such as "I'll tell you my plan, but keep it under your hat."Step 2: Understand that in such sentences, the speaker is asking the listener not to tell anyone else.Step 3: Examine option B, "To keep something a secret". This is a direct restatement of the idiom's meaning.Step 4: Examine option A, "Keep all your wealth in your home". This changes the topic from information to money and is unrelated to the idiom.Step 5: Examine options C and D, which involve stealing or storing valuables. These again focus on physical objects, not on hidden information, and therefore do not express the idiom's true sense. Verification / Alternative check: Consider example dialogues: "I might be getting a promotion, but keep it under your hat for now" clearly means "don't tell anyone." If you replaced the phrase with "keep all your wealth in your home" or "steal and hide something", the sentence would become absurd. The idiom always appears in contexts where some news, plan, or secret is shared with instructions not to spread it further. This reinforces that secrecy, not physical hiding of items, is the key meaning. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A, "Keep all your wealth in your home", suggests a financial decision or security measure, which has nothing to do with idiomatic "under your hat". Option C, "Steal and hide something", introduces the idea of theft, which is not implied by the idiom. Option D, "Take care of somebody else's valuables given to you for safe keeping", could be described by phrases like "look after" or "hold in trust", but it does not match the mental, informational secrecy that "keep under one's hat" refers to. Common Pitfalls: Because the phrase mentions a hat, some learners think it must be about physically hiding objects under a hat or otherwise concealing material things. Another pitfall is to confuse it with expressions about storing wealth or valuables. To avoid these errors, remember that many idioms are metaphorical: here, the hat represents the head, and keeping something under it means keeping it in your mind only, without letting it out into the open. Final Answer: The idiom "keep under one's hat" means to keep something a secret.

Question 8

In the following sentence, the bracketed part needs improvement. Out of the four alternatives, select the option that best improves the sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select "No improvement".  She (had to) four previous solo shows.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This sentence improvement question focuses on correct tense and aspect in English, particularly the present perfect tense used to describe experiences up to the present. The sentence is talking about the number of solo shows she has done in her life up to now. The bracketed phrase "had to" is incorrect here and must be replaced with a form that properly connects "She" with "four previous solo shows". Given Data / Assumptions: Original sentence: "She (had to) four previous solo shows." The intended meaning is likely that she has already given or organised four solo shows in the past. Options: has, has had, has been, no improvement. "Four previous solo shows" functions as the object of a verb describing her experience. Concept / Approach: To talk about life experiences that have occurred at unspecified times before now, we usually use the present perfect tense: "has had", "has done", "has given". The correct structure is "She has had four previous solo shows", where "has had" is the present perfect of "have" in the sense of "experience" or "hold". The phrase "had to" is a modal construction meaning "was obliged to", which does not fit this context and is also incomplete without a following verb. Thus, the best improvement is "has had". Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Interpret the sentence: it wants to convey that, before now, she has already done four solo shows.Step 2: Recognise that "had to" usually means "was required to" or "was compelled to", as in "She had to leave early", which does not match the idea of counting past shows.Step 3: Try option A: "She has four previous solo shows." This sounds awkward because we normally say "has given" or "has had" when talking about having performed shows.Step 4: Try option B: "She has had four previous solo shows." This clearly indicates her experience of having done four shows so far.Step 5: Try option C: "She has been four previous solo shows." This is ungrammatical. Option D, "no improvement", would keep the incorrect "had to". Therefore, "has had" is the correct choice. Verification / Alternative check: Compare with similar sentences: "He has had three major exhibitions", "She has had several promotions", "The company has had two product launches this year." In each case, "has had" emphasises completed experiences in the recent past relevant to the present. Replacing "had to" with "has had" in the question sentence produces the same pattern: "She has had four previous solo shows", which fits idiomatic English and exam standards. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A, "has", would give "She has four previous solo shows", which reads as if she currently possesses the shows as objects, rather than having performed them in the past. Option C, "has been", is used with roles or states ("She has been a teacher"), not with direct objects like "four previous solo shows". Option D, "no improvement", cannot be right because "had to" requires another verb ("had to perform", "had to attend") and does not directly link to "four previous solo shows". Only "has had" correctly expresses her completed experience. Common Pitfalls: Some candidates may be confused by the similarity between "had to" and "has had" and may not notice that "had to" indicates obligation, not experience. Others might think "has" is enough, without realising that it changes the sense from "experienced" to "possesses". To avoid such mistakes, pay attention to the overall meaning of the sentence: here, it is about how many solo shows she has already done, which naturally calls for the present perfect "has had". Final Answer: The best improvement is: "She has had four previous solo shows."

Question 9

In the following sentence, the bracketed part needs improvement. Out of the four alternatives, select the option that best improves the sentence. In case no improvement is needed, select "No improvement".  That must (being) really difficult for you.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This sentence improvement question tests your understanding of modal verbs combined with perfect aspect. The speaker is commenting on a past situation that was probably very difficult for the listener. In English, we express this idea with the structure "must have been", not "must being" or similar incorrect forms. You must choose the option that correctly completes the modal pattern "must + have + past participle". Given Data / Assumptions: Original sentence: "That must (being) really difficult for you." We know that "must being" is not a standard construction. Options for replacement: has been, have been, been, no improvement. The sentence refers to a difficult situation in the past, as judged from present knowledge. Concept / Approach: When we use "must" to express a logical conclusion about the past, we follow it with "have" and a past participle: "must have done", "must have seen", "must have been". The structure "must has been" or "must been" is incorrect. Therefore, the only option that fits after "must" is "have been". The full, correct sentence becomes "That must have been really difficult for you." This expresses the speaker's strong belief that the past experience was very difficult. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify the modal verb: "must". With modal verbs, we never use "to" or change the form of the following verb; we use the base form.Step 2: Recall the pattern for past logical deduction: must + have + past participle (been, done, gone, etc.).Step 3: Test option B, "have been": "That must have been really difficult for you." This matches the correct pattern.Step 4: Test option A, "has been": "That must has been..." is ungrammatical because "must" cannot be followed by "has".Step 5: Test option C, "been": "That must been..." is missing the necessary "have" and is also ungrammatical. Option D, "no improvement", would keep the incorrect "must being". Thus, option B is the only acceptable choice. Verification / Alternative check: Compare with similar sentences: "It must have rained last night", "She must have left early", "They must have been very tired." In each case, "must" is followed by "have" and the past participle. If you drop "have" or change it to "has", the sentence becomes incorrect. Applying the same pattern to the question sentence confirms that "must have been" is the only proper construction. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A, "has been", would create "must has been", which violates the rule that modals take the base form of the auxiliary verb "have". Option C, "been", removes "have" altogether, leaving "must been", another incorrect form. Option D, "no improvement", cannot be correct because "must being" is never used in standard English. The structure "must be" is possible for present time, and "must have been" for past time, but "must being" is wrong in both cases. Common Pitfalls: Some learners confuse continuous and perfect forms and may think "must being" looks similar to "must be", but there is no such modal combination. Others may forget that after "must", we always use a base verb, not "has". To avoid such mistakes, remember the fixed patterns: "must be" (present deduction) and "must have been" (past deduction). Once you know these, incorrect forms like "must being" or "must has been" stand out immediately. Final Answer: The best improvement is: "That must have been really difficult for you."

Question 10

In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the option that is the best one-word substitute for the given group of words.  Deliberately destroy something for military advantage

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This one word substitution question asks you to identify a single term that means "deliberately destroy something for military advantage". The context is usually war, conflict, or covert operations, where equipment, installations, or plans are intentionally damaged to weaken the enemy. The word that captures this idea in English is "sabotage". Given Data / Assumptions: Definition given: "Deliberately destroy something for military advantage". Options: Devotion, Fidelity, Sabotage, Ardour. We assume a wartime or strategic context where destruction is used as a tactic. Three options describe positive feelings or loyalty, while one describes destruction. Concept / Approach: "Sabotage" refers to the deliberate destruction, damage, or obstruction of something, especially for political or military advantage. It can be carried out by enemies, spies, or even internal workers to disrupt operations. By contrast, "devotion", "fidelity", and "ardour" all refer to strong positive emotions or loyalty and have nothing to do with destruction. Therefore, "sabotage" is the only word that matches the given description. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall the meaning of "sabotage": to deliberately damage or destroy property or plans to hinder an enemy or competitor.Step 2: Match this with the given phrase "deliberately destroy something for military advantage". The two definitions align very closely.Step 3: Consider "devotion". This means strong love, loyalty, or commitment, not destruction.Step 4: Consider "fidelity". This means faithfulness, especially in relationships or duties.Step 5: Consider "ardour". This means intense enthusiasm or passion. None of these suggest deliberate destructive action. Verification / Alternative check: Think of real world contexts: "The bridge was sabotaged to prevent the enemy from crossing", "Workers threatened to sabotage the machines during the strike." In both examples, "sabotaged" fits the meaning of deliberate destruction. Replacing it with "devoted", "faithful", or "ardent" would make no sense. This confirms that "sabotage" is the correct one word substitute for the given description. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A, "Devotion", relates to strong dedication or loyalty, often in religious or personal contexts. Option B, "Fidelity", is about faithfulness or loyalty in relationships, contracts, or duties. Option D, "Ardour", means passionate enthusiasm or intense feeling. All three are emotionally positive qualities and do not involve any concept of destruction or military action. Thus, they cannot be correct here. Common Pitfalls: In one word substitution questions, some students focus too much on the emotional tone of the options rather than the key verbs in the definition. Here, the core idea is "deliberately destroy", which warns you to look for a word related to damage, not feelings of love or loyalty. To avoid errors, always identify the main action or quality in the phrase and then match it to the correct technical term in the options. Final Answer: The best one word substitute for "deliberately destroy something for military advantage" is Sabotage.

Question 11

In the following question, out of the four alternatives, select the option that is the best one-word substitute for the given group of words.  The area near or surrounding a particular place

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This one word substitution question asks for a term that describes "the area near or surrounding a particular place". Such a word is commonly used in everyday speech, directions, and descriptions. The precise English word that matches this definition is "vicinity". Given Data / Assumptions: Description: "The area near or surrounding a particular place". Options: Horizon, Vicinity, Distant, Removed. We assume the context is about geographical closeness to a certain location. Some options are adjectives, while one is a noun that directly names such an area. Concept / Approach: "Vicinity" is a noun meaning the area around a particular place; for example, "There are many shops in the vicinity of the station." It refers to nearby surroundings. "Horizon" describes the line where the earth and sky appear to meet, which is far away, not near. "Distant" and "removed" are adjectives indicating far away, not near. Thus, "vicinity" is the only word that directly expresses nearness to a specific place as required by the definition. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify the key idea in the phrase: nearness or surrounding area of a particular place.Step 2: Check "vicinity". The dictionary meaning is exactly "the area near or surrounding a particular place".Step 3: Check "horizon". This refers to the apparent line where the sky meets the earth or sea, usually at a great distance.Step 4: Check "distant". This is an adjective meaning far away in space or time, the opposite of near.Step 5: Check "removed". This can mean far away or separated from something. All of these three alternatives imply distance, not nearness, so they cannot be correct. Verification / Alternative check: Use the word in example sentences: "There is a hospital in the vicinity of my house" means there is a hospital nearby. "There is a hospital on the horizon" would mean it is far off in the distance, which is a different idea entirely. Similarly, if something is "distant" or "removed", it is not in the immediate area. These comparisons confirm that "vicinity" best matches the given description. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A, "Horizon", does not refer to the surrounding area near a place but to a far away line where the sky seems to meet the earth. Option C, "Distant", means far away or remote, which is the opposite of nearby. Option D, "Removed", also suggests being far away or detached from something. None of these options express the idea of nearness to a specified place, so they cannot be correct substitutes. Common Pitfalls: Some learners may be misled by the poetic feel of "horizon" or misunderstand it as the general environment, but it is always associated with distance. Others may not notice that "vicinity" is a noun while "distant" and "removed" are adjectives; the grammatical mismatch is another clue that those alternatives are wrong. To avoid errors, pay close attention both to the meaning and to the part of speech indicated by the phrase you are replacing. Final Answer: The best one word substitute for "the area near or surrounding a particular place" is Vicinity.

Question 12

In the following question, four spellings of a word are given. Out of the four alternatives, select the correctly spelt word.  (Which is the correct spelling for the adverb meaning "in an illegal manner"?)

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Introduction / Context: This spelling question asks you to identify the correct form of the adverb meaning "in an illegal or improper way", derived from the adjective "illicit". Spelling questions often focus on doubling consonants and the correct arrangement of vowels in common but tricky words. Here, you need to remember how "illicit" is spelled and then apply the usual adverb ending "-ly". Given Data / Assumptions: Target word: the adverb formed from "illicit". Options: illecitly, illicitly, ilicitly, illicitley. We know the base adjective "illicit" is correctly spelled i l l i c i t. To form the adverb, we typically add "-ly" to the correct adjective form. Concept / Approach: The adjective "illicit" means unlawful or forbidden by rules, especially by law or social custom. To form the adverb, we simply add "-ly" to get "illicitly". The key spelling points are: double "l", the "icit" sequence, and the simple "-ly" ending. Any alternative spelling that changes the number of "l"s, alters "icit" to "ecit", or creates a strange ending like "-ley" is incorrect. Therefore, "illicitly" is the only fully correct spelling. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Write down the adjective "illicit": i l l i c i t.Step 2: Add the standard adverb ending "-ly": illicit + ly = illicitly.Step 3: Examine option B: "illicitly". It exactly matches "illicit" + "ly" without any extra or missing letters.Step 4: Examine option A, "illecitly". Here, "ecit" replaces "icit", which is a vowel error; the base adjective would not be "illecit".Step 5: Examine option C, "ilicitly". This removes one "l", giving "ilicit", which is not the correct adjective. Option D, "illicitley", distorts the ending to "ley", which is another spelling mistake. Verification / Alternative check: Check usage: "He was accused of acquiring the documents illicitly." In published texts and dictionaries, this adverb is always spelled "illicitly". If you change it to "illecitly", "ilicitly", or "illicitley", spell checkers and dictionaries will mark it as wrong. Also notice that many English adjectives ending in "-cit" form adverbs by simply adding "-ly" without changing the root spelling, which supports "illicitly" as the correct form. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A, "illecitly", uses "ecit" instead of "icit", which does not match the correct adjective. Option C, "ilicitly", has only one "l", whereas the standard spelling of the adjective has two "l"s: i l l i c i t. Option D, "illicitley", adds an unnecessary "e" before "y", resulting in a non standard ending "-ley" instead of "-ly". All three forms deviate from the original adjective "illicit" in ways that are not supported by English spelling rules. Common Pitfalls: Many learners struggle with double consonants in English words and may drop one "l" or add extra vowels when forming adverbs. Another pitfall is mis hearing the pronunciation and writing "ecit" instead of "icit". To avoid such mistakes, it helps to memorise the base adjectives clearly (for example, "licit" vs "illicit") and then apply the regular adverb ending "-ly" without modifying the internal letters. Visual memory of correctly spelled words from reading is especially useful in tackling such questions. Final Answer: The correctly spelt word is illicitly.

Question 13

In the following question, four spellings of a word are given. Out of the four alternatives, select the correctly spelt word.  (Which is the correct spelling for the noun meaning "extreme cruelty or savagery"?)

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Introduction / Context: This spelling question asks you to identify the correct spelling of the common noun meaning "extreme cruelty or savagery". The word is derived from "brutal", which means cruel or violent. When you add the suffix "-ity" to form the noun, the result is "brutality". You must distinguish this correct form from several similar looking misspellings. Given Data / Assumptions: Target word: the noun form of "brutal". Options: brutalety, brutality, bruttality, bruttalety. We know the base adjective is spelled "brutal". The common noun forming suffix for such adjectives is "-ity". Concept / Approach: The correct spelling is formed by combining "brutal" with the suffix "-ity" to form "brutality". The important points are: keep the single "t" from "brutal", retain the "a" and "l", and then add "-ity" (i t y). Any spellings that change the number of "t"s, replace "-ity" with "-ety", or alter internal vowels are incorrect. Thus, "brutality" is the only option that follows the normal and widely used pattern. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Start with the adjective "brutal": b r u t a l.Step 2: Add the noun suffix "-ity": brutal + ity = brutality.Step 3: Check option B, "brutality". It matches exactly this combination with one "t" and the ending "-ity".Step 4: Check option A, "brutalety". Here the ending is "-ety" instead of "-ity", which is not the standard noun form.Step 5: Check options C and D, "bruttality" and "bruttalety". Both of these insert a double "t" ("tt") and still struggle with the ending, making them incorrect. Verification / Alternative check: Consider similar adjective noun pairs: "brutal" → "brutality", "fatal" → "fatality", "local" → "locality". In each case, the pattern is adjective + "ity". None of these change to "-ety" or double the "t". Additionally, if you look at common usage in books, newspapers, or online articles, you will always see "brutality" when referring to extreme cruelty (for example, "police brutality", "wartime brutality"). This consistent usage confirms "brutality" as the correct spelling. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A, "brutalety", mixes the root "brutal" with an incorrect ending "-ety", which does not correspond to the usual English pattern for this noun. Options C and D, "bruttality" and "bruttalety", both introduce an extra "t", resulting in "bruttal", which is not the base adjective. They also suffer from the same incorrect "-ety" ending in the case of D. These forms do not appear in standard dictionaries and would be marked wrong in formal writing. Common Pitfalls: Students often struggle with words that convert adjectives ending in "-al" into nouns ending in "-ity". They may mistakenly double consonants or confuse "-ity" with "-ety" or "-aty". To avoid such errors, it is helpful to learn a small group of these pairs by heart and notice the consistent pattern. Visual memory of familiar phrases like "cruelty and brutality" will also guide you to the correct spelling during exams. Final Answer: The correctly spelt word is brutality.

Question 14

The sentence below consists of three labelled parts. Out of the four options given, select the most logical order of the labels to form a coherent sentence.  Then there came faint rays of primrose X light that changed presently to golden Y bars, thr…

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Introduction / Context: This question tests your ability to arrange labelled sentence fragments (X, Y, Z) in the most logical order to form a smooth, meaningful sentence. The sentence describes the gradual change of early morning light in the desert: first faint rays, then golden bars, and finally the dawn gliding out. To choose correctly, you must follow both grammatical sequence and natural visual progression. Given Data / Assumptions: Base frame of the sentence: "Then there came faint rays of primrose X light that changed presently to golden Y bars, through which the dawn Z glided out across the desert." The labels X, Y, Z represent parts that must be attached in a logical order. Options describing possible orders: ZYX, XYZ, ZXY, YZX. We assume that the sentence should describe the colour and form of light first, then the golden bars, and finally the movement of dawn. Concept / Approach: The natural poetic picture is: faint rays of primrose light appear; these rays change into golden bars of light; and through those bars the dawn glides out across the desert. That sequence clearly corresponds to X (light), Y (bars), and Z (glided) in that order. Therefore, the coherent sentence will use the labels exactly as they are already positioned in the base frame: X, then Y, then Z. The other permutations would scramble this order and disrupt the flow of the description. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Think of the visual scene being described: first there are faint rays of primrose coloured light.Step 2: Next, these rays "changed presently to golden bars", describing the transformation of colour and shape as dawn progresses.Step 3: Finally, "through which the dawn glided out across the desert" completes the image by showing the dawn itself moving.Step 4: Match these steps with the labels: X should describe "light", Y should describe "bars", and Z should describe "glided out".Step 5: The only option that preserves this order is XYZ, so option B is the correct choice. Verification / Alternative check: Read the sentence with the order XYZ: "Then there came faint rays of primrose light that changed presently to golden bars, through which the dawn glided out across the desert." This sentence is grammatically correct and paints a clear picture of the dawn. Try reordering as ZYX or ZXY and you would get nonsensical combinations like "primrose glided" or "the dawn light bars", which do not read smoothly or logically. Thus, XYZ is clearly superior to the other permutations. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A, ZYX, would place the "glided out" segment where the colour "primrose" should go, breaking the description. Option C, ZXY, would again start with the gliding action instead of the initial faint rays. Option D, YZX, would put "golden bars" immediately after "primrose" in a way that disrupts the "rays of primrose light" phrase and damages the structure "bars, through which the dawn glided". None of these options produce a smooth, poetic sentence. Common Pitfalls: Some candidates may be tempted to choose a non obvious pattern, thinking the exam must be trickier than it is. Others might not visualise the scene and instead try to guess mechanically. A reliable strategy in such questions is to imagine the scenario like a short film: what comes first, second, and third? Here, the progression from faint primrose light to golden bars to the full dawn across the desert makes the correct order intuitively clear. Final Answer: The most logical order of the labelled parts is XYZ, giving a coherent and vivid description of the dawn over the desert.

Question 15

The following question presents three labeled sentence fragments X, Y, and Z. Arrange these fragments in the most logical order to form a coherent sentence:  It seemed to them far easier to conceive X that the water had gone down, than Y that solid …

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Introduction / Context: This question tests your ability to arrange labeled sentence fragments in a logical order so that the final sentence is grammatically correct and meaningful. The fragments X, Y, and Z are parts of a comparison about what seemed easier to imagine. You must focus on both sense and grammar to decide the correct order. Such questions are very common in competitive English examinations because they check understanding of clause structure and the natural flow of ideas. Given Data / Assumptions: The base framework of the sentence is: It seemed to them far easier to conceive X than Y Z. Fragment X is: that the water had gone down. Fragment Y is: that solid land had risen. Fragment Z is: upward into its present position. Concept / Approach: The sentence compares two possible explanations. First, water level going down. Second, solid land rising upward. In English, comparative constructions using easier to conceive that A than that B should be grammatically parallel. The verb phrases that the water had gone down and that solid land had risen must come before the adverbial phrase upward into its present position. The phrase upward into its present position clearly describes how the land has risen and therefore attaches naturally to fragment Y, not to the water clause in fragment X. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify the comparative structure: easier to conceive that A than that B. Step 2: Recognize that X (that the water had gone down) gives a complete idea on its own and can directly follow conceive. Step 3: See that Y (that solid land had risen) begins the second idea and Z (upward into its present position) logically completes how the land has risen. Step 4: Combine them as: X then Y then Z to get a smooth, meaningful sentence. Verification / Alternative check: Place X, Y, Z in the order XYZ: It seemed to them far easier to conceive that the water had gone down, than that solid land had risen upward into its present position. This sentence is grammatically correct and semantically clear. If you try ZYX or ZXY, the sentence begins awkwardly with upward into its present position, which cannot stand before the full clause that solid land had risen. YZX splits the clause that solid land had risen from its complement upward into its present position, causing an unnatural break. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option ZYX puts the adverbial phrase first, so the sentence starts in an illogical way and confuses the reader. Option ZXY also begins with Z, leaving the complement of risen detached from its verb. Option YZX separates Y and Z and interrupts the natural flow between had risen and upward into its present position, which should not be broken by fragment X about water going down. Common Pitfalls: A common mistake is to rely only on the idea that upward seems to match risen and therefore place Z somewhere near Y without checking the full sentence structure. Another mistake is to ignore the parallel that the water had gone down and that solid land had risen must form. Some test takers also forget that modifiers like upward into its present position normally come after the complete verb phrase they qualify. Final Answer: The correct logical and grammatical order of the fragments is XYZ, so the correct option is XYZ.

Question 16

In the following question, the given sentence is in the Active voice. Choose the option that correctly expresses the same idea in the Passive voice:  Gopal ran the marathon in record time.

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Introduction / Context: This question checks your understanding of transforming a sentence from Active voice to Passive voice without changing its tense or meaning. The original sentence describes a completed action in the simple past tense. Correct passive transformation is a frequent topic in English grammar exams because it requires control over subject, object, verb form, and time reference in a single step. Given Data / Assumptions: Active sentence: Gopal ran the marathon in record time. Subject in the active voice: Gopal. Object in the active voice: the marathon. Verb: ran, which is simple past of run. Adverbial phrase: in record time, which must be preserved. Concept / Approach: To change from active to passive voice for a transitive verb in the simple past tense, we use the pattern: object of active sentence + was or were + past participle of the verb + by + original subject. Here, the marathon is singular, so we use was run. The phrase in record time is an adverbial phrase of manner and should stay at the end or near the end of the sentence. The passive sentence must therefore read The marathon was run by Gopal in record time. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify the object in the active sentence: the marathon. Step 2: Bring the object to the subject position in the passive sentence: The marathon ... Step 3: Keep the tense as simple past, so use was run as the passive form of ran. Step 4: Introduce the doer using by and keep the adverbial phrase: by Gopal in record time. Verification / Alternative check: Check the meaning: The marathon was run by Gopal in record time clearly states that Gopal was the person who ran the marathon, and he did so in record time. The tense remains past, and no information is lost. Saying this sentence aloud shows that it is natural English. You can also convert back to active voice: Gopal ran the marathon in record time, which matches the original sentence perfectly. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option B uses is run, which changes the tense to simple present and no longer refers to a completed past event. Option C, Gopal in record time run the marathon, is ungrammatical because the verb form is incorrect and the word order is awkward. Option D, Gopal in record time is running the marathon, changes the verb to present continuous and therefore changes the time frame and meaning of the sentence. Common Pitfalls: Students often forget to keep the tense unchanged when switching between active and passive. Another common error is to omit the agent introduced by by, which may sometimes be acceptable but here is clearly required by the question. Some learners also misplace adverbial phrases like in record time, which can result in unnatural or ambiguous sentences. Final Answer: The correct passive transformation of the sentence is The marathon was run by Gopal in record time.

Question 17

In the following question, the given sentence is in Direct speech. Choose the option that correctly expresses the same meaning in Indirect speech:  Father says, "Kashmir is the heaven on earth."

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Introduction / Context: This question tests your understanding of converting a sentence from Direct speech to Indirect speech while preserving the sense of time and the general truth expressed in the statement. The reporting verb here is says, which is in the simple present tense. The reported part is a statement about Kashmir being the heaven on earth, which is treated like a general observation or general truth. Therefore, the tense of the reported clause should usually remain in the present. Given Data / Assumptions: Direct speech: Father says, "Kashmir is the heaven on earth." Reporting verb: says, in simple present tense. Reported clause: Kashmir is the heaven on earth. The sentence expresses an opinion treated like a general truth. Concept / Approach: When the reporting verb is in the present tense, we generally do not change the tense of the reported speech. Also, for universal truths, habitual facts, and widely accepted statements, the tense in the reported clause usually remains present even if the reporting verb is in the past. The structure for Indirect speech in such a case is: Father says that Kashmir is the heaven on earth. The conjunction that is introduced between the reporting clause and the reported clause for formal correctness. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Keep the reporting verb in the present as in the original: Father says. Step 2: Introduce the conjunction that after the reporting verb: Father says that. Step 3: Preserve the present simple in the reported clause because it is a general truth: Kashmir is the heaven on earth. Step 4: Combine all parts to get the full Indirect speech sentence: Father says that Kashmir is the heaven on earth. Verification / Alternative check: Ask whether the converted sentence can be turned back into the original Direct speech. From Father says that Kashmir is the heaven on earth, you can reconstruct Father says, "Kashmir is the heaven on earth." with no loss of meaning. The statement continues to sound like a timeless remark rather than a past event tied to one specific moment. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A uses Father said and has been, which not only changes the reporting verb to the past tense but also modifies the sense of a general truth into something more like a completed state. Option B, Father is saying that Kashmir is the heaven on earth, uses the present continuous, which suggests an ongoing act of speaking and slightly changes the nuance. Option D, Father says that Kashmir was the heaven on earth, wrongly shifts the reported clause into the past, suggesting that Kashmir is no longer like heaven on earth, which is not implied in the original statement. Common Pitfalls: Many learners mechanically change the tense of the reported clause whenever they convert to Indirect speech, even when the reporting verb is in the present or when the original statement is a general truth. Others forget to add the conjunction that, leading to a slightly informal or incomplete structure in examination settings. Recognising general truths and the role of the reporting tense is crucial for such questions. Final Answer: The correct Indirect speech form is Father says that Kashmir is the heaven on earth.

Question 18

Read the passage about recent Academy Awards carefully and then answer the question that follows:  Everyone expected Mary Zophres to win for her retro revival Technicolor clothes in La La Land, but the eventual winner, Colleen Atwood for Fantastic B…

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Introduction / Context: This reading comprehension question focuses on extracting a specific factual detail from a passage about the Academy Awards. The passage compares expectations regarding La La Land with the actual result, highlighting how Colleen Atwood unexpectedly won an award for Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them. Reading comprehension items like this check whether you can accurately recall details without confusing them with nearby similar information. Given Data / Assumptions: The passage mentions Mary Zophres and her retro revival Technicolor clothes in La La Land. It then states that the eventual winner was Colleen Atwood for Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them. Colleen Atwood is a well known costume designer. The context is about movie awards at the Oscars. Concept / Approach: The key skill is careful reading and distinguishing between what was expected and what actually happened. The passage clearly frames Mary Zophres as the expected winner in the same category in which Colleen Atwood eventually won. Since both are associated with clothing and visual styling, the relevant category is Best Costume Design. Therefore, Colleen Atwood is said to have won the Oscar for Best Costume Design for Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them. The answer must match both the award type and the correct film title. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify the competition described: retro revival Technicolor clothes in La La Land versus the eventual winner. Step 2: Note that Colleen Atwood is introduced immediately after this costume related reference, clearly implying the same award category. Step 3: Link Colleen Atwood with her film Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them as the winning film. Step 4: Combine the details: she won the Oscar for Best Costume Design for Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them. Verification / Alternative check: Check the options and see which one matches both the role of Colleen Atwood and the film name. She is not an actor but a costume designer, so any option that presents her as a supporting actor is incorrect. The only option that treats her as a costume designer and connects her to Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them is Best Costume Design for Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, which matches the information in the passage. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A suggests Best Costume Design for La La Land, but the passage clearly states that La La Land was the film that did not win in this specific instance. Option B says Best Supporting Actor for Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, but Colleen Atwood is not an actor and the passage does not mention such an award. Option C, Best Supporting Actor for La La Land, mixes an incorrect category with a different film and also contradicts the passage which focuses on her costume design work. Common Pitfalls: Students often skim such passages and latch on to familiar film titles like La La Land, accidentally picking the wrong combination of category and movie. Another pitfall is failing to note the profession of the person named. Recognising that Colleen Atwood is a costume designer rather than an actor makes it much easier to eliminate the distracting options that refer to acting awards. Final Answer: The passage clearly indicates that Colleen Atwood won Best Costume Design for Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them.

Question 19

Based on the passage about the film La La Land and other Oscar winning movies, answer the following question:  What does the lead female actor in La La Land want to do as her creative goal, according to the passage?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This comprehension question focuses on a specific character detail mentioned in a passage about La La Land and several Oscar winning films. The passage contrasts expectations about La La Land with the actual award results and briefly describes what the two main characters aspire to create. The lead female actor has one creative ambition, while the male lead has another. The question asks you to recall the female character's goal accurately. Given Data / Assumptions: The passage states that La La Land is a celebration of creation. It mentions that the heroine wants to make movies. It also states that the hero wants to make jazz. Both ambitions are presented to highlight artistic creation. Concept / Approach: To answer this type of question, you must distinguish between the ambitions of the two lead characters. The female lead is associated with cinema and storytelling, while the male lead is associated with music, specifically jazz. Remembering this pairing is enough to identify the correct option. Since the question specifically asks what the lead female actor wants to do, the answer must be the phrase connected to her, not to the male character. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall the exact line from the passage: the heroine wants to make movies, the hero wants to make jazz. Step 2: Note that make movies refers to film making, scripts, acting, and directing, which fit the heroine's role. Step 3: Recognise that make jazz clearly belongs to the hero and not to the heroine. Step 4: Match the heroine's goal with the given options and select Make movies. Verification / Alternative check: Reconstruct the sentence from memory: As a majority of voters are actors, there was a tendency to think they would reward La La Land, a celebration of creation, where the heroine wants to make movies and the hero wants to make jazz. When you repeat this line, it is clear that the heroine is aligned with movies, not music. This confirms that Make movies is the only correct choice. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A, Make jazz, describes the ambition of the hero, not the heroine. Option C, Make music, is too vague and does not mirror the specific wording of the passage. Option D, Make magic, does not appear in the passage at all and is an extra distractor that may tempt those who answer based on imagination rather than text. Common Pitfalls: A frequent mistake is to confuse the roles of the two lead characters or to generalise from jazz to music and then think it could apply to either. Some students also choose answers that sound poetic, such as making magic, even though the passage never mentions this phrase. Careful reading and memory of who does what in the story will prevent these errors. Final Answer: According to the passage, the lead female actor in La La Land wants to make movies.

Question 20

According to the passage on recent Oscar winning films and their themes, answer the following question:  Which of the listed movies is about the kindness and benign nature of aliens toward humans, as mentioned in the passage?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This reading comprehension question asks you to match a film title with the specific theme described in the passage. The passage lists a number of Oscar winning movies and briefly summarises what each film is about. One of these films is described as a story about the benign character of aliens, which symbolically connects to immigrants. The task is to identify that film correctly. Given Data / Assumptions: The passage mentions Arrival and says that it is a film about the inherent benignity of aliens. The word benignity means kindness, harmlessness, or gentle nature. Hacksaw Ridge is presented as a kind of anti guns movie. Fences involves an African American father who fears racial discrimination. Moonlight features two minority communities, black and gay, and deals with identity and marginalisation. Concept / Approach: The question focuses on one specific description: the inherent benignity of aliens. You must associate this description with the correct film title. Since Arrival is the only movie in the passage that deals explicitly with aliens and communication with them, it logically matches the description. The other films are about war, race, or sexuality and do not involve extraterrestrial beings, so they can be ruled out. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall the exact line: Arrival, a film about the inherent benignity of aliens, won for Best Sound Editing. Step 2: Understand that benignity refers to goodness, gentle nature, or harmlessness. Step 3: Match this description with the list of movies in the options. Step 4: Select Arrival, because it is the only film in the list associated with aliens and their kind nature. Verification / Alternative check: Cross check the other films with their descriptions. Hacksaw Ridge is about a man who refuses to carry a gun in war, and the passage calls it an anti guns movie. Fences deals with fear of racial discrimination in a family. Moonlight explores intersecting minority identities. None of these involve aliens. Therefore, none can be the correct answer. Only Arrival fits the theme of kind aliens. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A, Hacksaw Ridge, is related to war and conscientious objection, not aliens. Option C, Fences, is about family and racial issues, with no science fiction elements. Option D, Moonlight, focuses on a black gay protagonist and social marginalisation, but not on extraterrestrial beings. These options are distractors that test whether you actually read and connected the details. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes answer based on their outside knowledge of films or on guesswork. Another pitfall is confusing metaphors about aliens and immigrants and then misassigning the theme to a film that deals with discrimination but without aliens, such as Fences or Moonlight. Always rely on the wording used in the passage and do not over interpret beyond what is stated. Final Answer: The film described as being about the kindness of aliens is Arrival.

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