Question 1

Select the antonym (opposite in meaning) of "ogle" from the options given.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This vocabulary question asks for the antonym of the verb ogle. To answer correctly, you must know what ogle means and then choose the word that expresses the opposite action or attitude. The options given include several verbs that involve looking in different ways, plus one option that does not involve looking at all, which is an important clue. Given Data / Assumptions: Ogle means to stare at someone, often in a way that shows strong, sometimes sexual, interest. Leer means to look in a sly, unpleasant, or sexually suggestive way. Gaze usually means to look steadily and intently, often with admiration or wonder. Gawk means to stare openly and stupidly. Ignore means to pay no attention to, to refuse to notice. Concept / Approach: Because ogle involves staring at someone with strong interest, sometimes offensive or inappropriate, the antonym must describe not looking at or paying attention to that person at all. Leer, gaze, and gawk are all forms of looking, and in some contexts, leer is almost a synonym of ogle. Only ignore expresses the idea of not looking at, not noticing, or deliberately withholding attention. Therefore, ignore is the correct antonym in this set. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Fix the meaning of ogle as to look at someone with obvious, often inappropriate, interest.Step 2: Look for a word that means to do the opposite, that is, to avoid looking or paying attention.Step 3: Recognise ignore as meaning to not notice or to refuse to acknowledge.Step 4: Analyze leer, gaze, and gawk. All three describe types of looking and therefore cannot be opposites of ogle; leer is especially close to ogle in meaning.Step 5: Conclude that ignore is the only option that represents the opposite of a staring, interested gaze. Verification / Alternative check: Imagine two people in a room. If one ogles the other, he or she is staring in an obvious, often inappropriate way. If one ignores the other, there is deliberate non attention, perhaps looking away or acting as if the person is not even present. These behaviours are clearly opposite in social interaction. Replacing ogle with leer, gaze, or gawk does not change the basic fact that someone is staring; only ignore reverses the action. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Leer is close in meaning to ogle, as both suggest an unpleasant or suggestive way of looking at someone. Gaze can be neutral or positive, but still involves steady looking, so it is not opposite. Gawk is to stare awkwardly or foolishly, again a form of looking. All three are incompatible with the idea of not paying attention, which is what an antonym requires here. Common Pitfalls: Some learners may misunderstand antonym questions and choose a near synonym by mistake, especially if they are thinking of tone rather than strict opposite meaning. Others may feel that gaze, because it can be respectful, might oppose the more vulgar sense of ogle. However, antonym questions in exams look for opposite actions or states, not just different moods, so you must pick ignore, which directly reverses the act of looking intently at someone. Final Answer: The correct antonym of ogle is ignore, so option C is correct.

Question 2

Rearrange the parts of the sentence to form a coherent statement: "So, increasingly, P - paying to provide revenues Q - for the Central government R - the poor have been".

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question tests your skill in rearranging sentence fragments to form a logical and grammatically correct sentence. You are given three labelled parts P, Q, and R that must be placed after the initial words So, increasingly, and before the full stop. The sentence is about who is paying to provide revenues for the Central government. Correctly ordering the parts requires attention to subject, verb, and object relationships. Given Data / Assumptions: Starter: So, increasingly, ... P: paying to provide revenues Q: for the Central government R: the poor have been The final sentence should be grammatically complete and meaningful. Concept / Approach: To build a proper English sentence, you need a subject, an auxiliary verb, and a main verb phrase, followed by any objects or complements. The fragment the poor have been (R) clearly functions as subject plus auxiliary verb, setting up a present perfect continuous idea. The verb phrase paying to provide revenues (P) naturally follows have been. The phrase for the Central government (Q) is a prepositional phrase that most logically comes last, telling us who receives the revenues. Therefore, the correct order after So, increasingly, is R P Q, producing a coherent and meaningful sentence. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify the subject and auxiliary: R contains the poor have been, which can start a clause.Step 2: Look for the main verb phrase to follow have been. P provides paying to provide revenues, a continuous form that fits perfectly after have been.Step 3: Add the prepositional phrase that explains for whom the revenues are provided. Q, for the Central government, fits naturally at the end.Step 4: Combine the fragments with the starter: So, increasingly, the poor have been paying to provide revenues for the Central government.Step 5: Check that this sentence is grammatically sound and clearly expresses the idea that the poor are increasingly bearing the tax burden. Verification / Alternative check: Test other orders. For example, RQP gives So, increasingly, the poor have been for the Central government paying to provide revenues, which is ungrammatical because the prepositional phrase appears in the middle, breaking the verb phrase. PQR yields So, increasingly, paying to provide revenues for the Central government the poor have been, where the subject appears at the end and the order is unnatural. QPR starts with the prepositional phrase for the Central government, which would attach incorrectly unless the subject is placed earlier. Only RPQ preserves subject auxiliary, main verb phrase, and then prepositional modifier in a logical order. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option B RQP misplaces for the Central government before the verb phrase paying, disrupting the flow and creating confusion. Option C PQR begins with paying to provide revenues, leaving the reader uncertain about who is paying until too late, and it fails to attach have been correctly. Option D QPR starts with for the Central government and then paying to provide revenues, again leaving the subject the poor have been in an awkward position, which does not conform to standard English sentence order. Common Pitfalls: Some candidates try to follow the original P, Q, R order mechanically, without checking for a clear subject verb structure. A good strategy for these questions is to locate the fragment that contains the subject and auxiliary (here the poor have been) and place it first among the fragments. Then, locate the main verb phrase to attach after it, and finally place any prepositional phrases. This approach almost always leads to the correct arrangement. Final Answer: The correct order is RPQ, giving: So, increasingly, the poor have been paying to provide revenues for the Central government (option A).

Question 3

In the sentence "In India, Hindi is the most _______ spoken language", which word best completes the blank?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question checks your understanding of common adverb collocations in English, especially with the phrase most _______ spoken language. The sentence refers to Hindi in India and asks which adverb naturally and correctly describes the extent of its use across people and regions. Only one of the options is regularly used with spoken language in this way. Given Data / Assumptions: The sentence is: In India, Hindi is the most _______ spoken language. Profusely usually means in large quantities, often with things like apologies, thanks, or blood. Richly can mean in a rich or ornate manner. Deeply often refers to emotions or degrees, as in deeply moved. Widely means over a large area or among many people. Concept / Approach: When we talk about how common a language is in terms of number of speakers or geographic spread, we use the phrase widely spoken language. This describes a language that is spoken by many people over a broad region. None of the other adverbs fits this collocation: we do not say profusely spoken, richly spoken, or deeply spoken language. The question is clearly about prevalence, so widely is the natural and correct choice. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Focus on the idea being expressed: Hindi is spoken by many people throughout India.Step 2: Recall standard phrases such as widely spoken, widely used, or widely known.Step 3: Test widely in the blank: In India, Hindi is the most widely spoken language. This sounds idiomatic and fully correct.Step 4: Test profusely; profusely spoken language is not a common or meaningful expression.Step 5: Test richly and deeply; neither richly spoken nor deeply spoken are conventional ways to talk about the distribution or prevalence of a language. Therefore, widely is the only appropriate option. Verification / Alternative check: Look at similar sentences: English is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world. Spanish is widely spoken in Latin America. These sentences match widely with spoken, emphasising large numbers of speakers and broad geographic coverage. Using any of the other adverbs in such sentences would seem odd or incorrect. This pattern confirms that widely is the correct adverb for describing how many people speak a language. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Profusely is used with verbs like apologise profusely or bleed profusely and relates to great quantity in a specific act, not the geographical or demographic spread of language. Richly usually modifies adjectives or verbs connected to wealth, decoration, or intensity, such as richly decorated or richly deserved. Deeply applies to feelings or degrees of some quality, like deeply grateful or deeply rooted. None of these collocations work naturally with spoken language in the sense of widespread use. Common Pitfalls: Some exam takers choose profusely because they associate it with a lot or many. However, collocation is crucial in English: even if the broad idea of large quantity is shared, the actual word pair profusely spoken is not used in standard language. Remember to rely on familiar word combinations from reading and listening, such as widely spoken, rather than forcing less common adverbs into the blank. Final Answer: The blank should be filled with widely, making the sentence: In India, Hindi is the most widely spoken language (option D).

Question 4

Select the synonym (nearest in meaning) of the word "bristle".

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question asks for a synonym of the word bristle. Bristle can function both as a noun and as a verb. As a noun, it refers to a short, stiff hair or fibre, like those on a brush or an animal hide. As a verb, it can mean to react angrily or defensively. Given the options, the exam clearly focuses on the concrete, noun meaning of bristle rather than the emotional reaction sense. Given Data / Assumptions: Bristle (noun) means a short, stiff hair, often on a brush, an animal, or a person chin. Thorn is a sharp, pointed growth on the stem of a plant, especially a rose or similar bush. Tranquil means calm and peaceful. Friction is rubbing of one surface against another or conflict between people. Sleek means smooth and shiny, often referring to hair or fur. Concept / Approach: Among the given options, the only word that refers to a small, pointed, stiff object is thorn. While a bristle is not exactly the same as a thorn, both share the idea of a small, stiff projection. The other words belong to completely different semantic fields: tranquillity, conflict, and smoothness. Since exam synonyms are often approximate rather than perfect, thorn is the closest match available here. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Decide which sense of bristle is likely being tested. Because none of the options relates to anger or defensiveness, the physical noun sense is more relevant.Step 2: Compare bristle as a short stiff hair with each option.Step 3: Recognise that thorn, although from plants, is also a small, sharp, stiff projection and is the nearest in physical imagery.Step 4: Check tranquil, friction, and sleek; none of these describes a small, stiff object and they do not match the noun sense of bristle.Step 5: Conclude that thorn is the best available synonym in this list. Verification / Alternative check: Consider descriptive sentences. A brush with stiff bristles and The stem was covered in sharp thorns both paint pictures of small, stiff projections that can scratch or irritate the skin. The words are not identical but share overlapping imagery. On the other hand, bristle does not relate directly to calmness (tranquil), conflict (friction), or smoothness (sleek). If we tried to replace bristle with any of these in a sentence like The pig coarse bristles stood up, the sentence would become nonsense. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Tranquil is an adjective describing a peaceful state, often of places or moods. Friction is a noun of motion and social conflict, not a physical protrusion. Sleek describes something smooth and well groomed, usually the opposite of bristly. None of these words shares the core physical meaning associated with bristle as a noun. Common Pitfalls: Because bristle also means to react angrily or defensively (as a verb), some students may search for an emotional or conflict related synonym and be tempted by friction. However, the verb to bristle and the noun friction do not align exactly, and no option fully matches that emotional sense here. The safer strategy is to consider the more basic, noun meaning and choose the closest concrete object, which is thorn. Final Answer: The best available synonym of bristle among the given options is thorn, so option A is correct.

Question 5

In the sentence "Economically, we understand the world round us in terms of scarcity", which part contains the grammatical error?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is an error spotting question related to the use of prepositions and common phrases. The sentence attempts to describe how we see the world in economic terms. It is divided into three numbered parts and a No error option. Your goal is to identify which part contains incorrect or non standard wording, focusing particularly on prepositional usage around the phrase world round us. Given Data / Assumptions: Part 1: Economically, we Part 2: understand the world Part 3: round us in terms of scarcity. Part 4: No Error. The intended phrase is likely the world around us, a common English expression. Concept / Approach: The adverb round can sometimes be used as a variant of around in informal British English. However, in a formal written context, especially in exam English, the standard phrase is the world around us. The rest of the sentence is grammatically sound: Economically is correctly placed as a sentence adverb, and understand the world in terms of scarcity is a proper clause. Therefore, part 3 is the one that must be corrected from round us to around us to fit standard formal usage. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Examine part 1 Economically, we and see that it introduces a viewpoint and is grammatically correct.Step 2: Examine part 2 understand the world; subject and object are correctly structured.Step 3: Examine part 3 round us in terms of scarcity and identify the phrase world round us as slightly informal and non standard for exam purposes.Step 4: Replace round with around to get the world around us in terms of scarcity, which is the typical formal expression.Step 5: Conclude that the error lies in part 3. Verification / Alternative check: If we correct the sentence, it becomes: Economically, we understand the world around us in terms of scarcity. This is a smooth, coherent statement about economic thinking and fits well in formal essays. Keeping round us may be acceptable in casual speech but appears inconsistent with the exam style, which favours standard expressions. Parts 1 and 2 do not contain any issues with subject verb agreement or word choice, and part 4 cannot be correct because we do find a clear, conventional correction for part 3. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Part 1 uses Economically as an adverb correctly, indicating that the perspective is economic. Part 2 understand the world is grammatically correct and uses the verb understand in the right form. Part 4 No Error would only be valid if none of the parts needed correction, which is not the case once we identify the awkward phrase round us in part 3. Therefore, the only part that must be changed is 3. Common Pitfalls: Some students may be unsure about the difference between round and around and may hesitate to mark part 3 as incorrect. Remember that around is the default preposition in standard modern English when you talk about the world around us, people around me, or things around the corner. Round is more often found in specific fixed phrases or as an adjective related to shape. In high stakes exams, it is safer to choose the more formal and common variant. Final Answer: The incorrect part is 3, where round should be replaced by around, so option C is correct.

Question 6

In the sentence "The two children, brother and sister, were onto their way to school", which part contains the grammatical error?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This error spotting question tests your knowledge of correct prepositional phrases used with be on the way. The sentence describes two children, a brother and sister, going to school. You must identify which numbered part of the sentence contains incorrect wording that makes the expression unidiomatic or grammatically wrong. Given Data / Assumptions: Part 1: The two children, Part 2: brother and sister, were onto Part 3: their way to school. Part 4: No Error. The intended expression is were on their way to school. Concept / Approach: The standard English phrase to indicate that someone is travelling towards a destination is to be on one way to a place. We say They were on their way to school, not onto their way. The preposition onto usually indicates movement to a position on top of something and does not collocate with way in this expression. The rest of the sentence is correct: The two children, brother and sister is a proper appositive phrase, and their way to school is also correct. Thus, the error lies in part 2 with were onto instead of were on. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Read the full sentence: The two children, brother and sister, were onto their way to school.Step 2: Recognise the familiar idiom be on the way to somewhere.Step 3: Identify that onto is incorrect in this idiom because it implies movement on top of a surface rather than towards a destination.Step 4: Replace were onto with were on, giving The two children, brother and sister, were on their way to school.Step 5: Conclude that the grammatical error is in part 2. Verification / Alternative check: Consider similar sentences: She is on her way to the office, The train is on its way, We are on our way home. In all these examples, the preposition on is used, not onto. If we tried to use onto, such as We are onto our way home, the sentence would sound unnatural and incorrect. Parts 1 and 3 of the question sentence mirror these standard patterns except for the preposition in part 2, confirming that this is where the correction is necessary. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Part 1 The two children is a correct subject phrase. The additional apposition brother and sister is correctly placed between commas and does not introduce any grammatical errors. Part 3 their way to school correctly completes the idiom on their way to school aside from the wrong preposition earlier. Part 4 No Error cannot be right because there is a clear and well established idiom that the sentence violates. Common Pitfalls: Some learners may be uncertain between on and onto because both involve the idea of position on something. However, adding to in onto usually implies movement onto a surface or object, as in climb onto the roof. When talking about progress towards a destination, the correct phrase is always on the way, not onto the way. Keeping this distinction in mind helps you avoid similar errors in writing and exams. Final Answer: The incorrect part is 2, where onto should be replaced by on, so option B is correct.

Question 7

The labelled sentences X, Y and Z are: X - first appear, is quite in accordance, as; Y - before stated, with the analogy of changes; Z - now going on in certain regions of the globe. Which order forms the most logical continuation of "This idea, how…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question presents a partially broken sentence that must be reconstructed using three labelled segments X, Y, and Z. The sentence begins with This idea, however startling it may at and must be completed to form a grammatically correct and logically ordered statement. The sentence discusses an idea that first seems surprising but is actually consistent with other changes occurring in certain regions of the globe. Given Data / Assumptions: The fixed beginning is: This idea, however startling it may at ... X: first appear, is quite in accordance, as Y: before stated, with the analogy of changes Z: now going on in certain regions of the globe The final sentence should read smoothly both grammatically and in terms of meaning. Concept / Approach: We need to reconstruct a complex sentence that uses the phrase however startling it may at first appear and then connects this idea to earlier statements and to actual changes taking place in certain regions of the globe. The natural order is to complete the phrase may at first appear (X), then refer back to what was before stated (Y), and finally describe the location of the changes (Z). This yields: This idea, however startling it may at first appear, is quite in accordance, as before stated, with the analogy of changes now going on in certain regions of the globe. This sequence corresponds to X Y Z, giving option B. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Join the beginning with X: This idea, however startling it may at first appear, is quite in accordance, as...Step 2: Recognise that as must refer to something previously mentioned, namely before stated, with the analogy of changes (Y).Step 3: Append Y to X: ...is quite in accordance, as before stated, with the analogy of changes...Step 4: Add Z to complete the reference: ...with the analogy of changes now going on in certain regions of the globe.Step 5: Confirm that the resulting sentence is grammatical and carries a clear logical progression from apparent surprise to consistency with observed changes. Verification / Alternative check: Test other orders. If we start with Z, we would get may at now going on in certain regions of the globe, which is clearly ungrammatical. Starting with Y would give may at before stated, with the analogy, which does not complete the phrase may at and breaks the idiom at first appear. Thus, X must come immediately after may at. Once X is fixed, the rest of the sentence should lead from as to before stated (Y) and then to the explanation of where the changes are occurring (Z). The only order that achieves this is XYZ. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A ZYX begins with now going on in certain regions of the globe directly after may at, which produces a broken phrase and no clear meaning. Option C ZXY and option D YZX both disturb the essential idiom at first appear and the proper referencing sequence as before stated. None of these alternative sequences yields a smooth, logically connected sentence when read in full. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes focus only on the content words like changes and globe and attempt to place those fragments first, forgetting the importance of fixed phrases such as at first appear. A reliable strategy in jumbled sentence questions is to identify such idiomatic pairs and keep them together: here, at must be followed by first appear from X. Next, pronouns or linking phrases such as as before stated usually refer to earlier material and therefore appear after the main clause, not immediately after may at. Final Answer: The most logical order of the segments is XYZ, so option B is correct.

Question 8

In idiomatic usage, the phrase "Button her lip" means what?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This idiom question asks you to interpret the phrase Button her lip. Idioms often use physical actions as metaphors for mental or social behaviours. Here, the idea of buttoning the lip clearly suggests closing the mouth and not speaking. Your task is to select the option that best captures this figurative meaning in simple English. Given Data / Assumptions: The idiom is Button her lip (or button your lip in direct address). Option A Tell us more suggests encouraging someone to talk. Option B Stop talking suggests telling someone to be silent. Option C Invite us too refers to extending an invitation. Option D Enjoy herself refers to having a good time. Concept / Approach: In informal English, to button your lip or button your lips means to keep quiet, to stop talking, or to refuse to reveal a secret. The idiom is based on the image of closing one mouth as securely as a button closing a piece of clothing. The direct opposite would be to talk freely. Thus, among the options, Stop talking is the direct and accurate paraphrase of the idiom. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Picture the literal image of buttoning a lip, which cannot really happen, so it must be metaphorical.Step 2: Recognise that the metaphor suggests closing the mouth firmly and not speaking.Step 3: Match this idea with the most straightforward English phrase Stop talking.Step 4: Confirm that none of the other options relate to silence or secrecy; they all involve communication or enjoyment.Step 5: Therefore, choose Stop talking as the best expression of the idiom meaning. Verification / Alternative check: Consider typical uses in conversation: You had better button your lip about this plan means You had better keep quiet about this plan. When a parent says to a child, Button your lip, it is a direct instruction to stop talking or complaining. Replacing button your lip with Tell us more or Invite us too would completely change the meaning. Only Stop talking fits into these contexts as an accurate paraphrase. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Tell us more is the opposite of telling someone to be quiet; it encourages additional information. Invite us too refers to including others in an event and does not relate at all to speech or silence. Enjoy herself describes pleasure or fun, again unrelated to whether someone is talking or not. These options are distractions that test whether you focus on the actual metaphorical image of the idiom. Common Pitfalls: Some exam takers may be unfamiliar with the idiom and try to guess based on the word button, perhaps thinking of starting something (like pressing a button). However, the phrase is about a button that shuts something, not a button you press. Remember that button your lip belongs to a family of idioms like zip your lips or keep your mouth shut, all of which mean silence or secrecy. Final Answer: The idiom Button her lip means Stop talking, so option B is correct.

Question 9

According to the passage on learning and knowledge, "the knowledge related to the businesses of men" is described as what?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question refers to a passage that distinguishes between two types of knowledge: knowledge of immediate life and business, and what the author calls learning. The passage argues that learning is not the practical knowledge of everyday affairs but rather knowledge of things far removed from common life. To answer the question, you must identify which option best reflects the author description of learning as contrasted with knowledge related to the businesses of men. Given Data / Assumptions: The passage says that knowledge of what is before us and about us, which appeals to our experience, passions, and the businesses of men, is not learning. Learning is defined as knowledge that none but the learned know. The most learned man is described as one who knows the most of what is farthest removed from common life and actual observation. The options present different fragments of the passage or related ideas. Concept / Approach: The key to this question is understanding that the author draws a sharp contrast between everyday, practical knowledge (businesses of men) and the specialised, abstract knowledge he calls learning. According to him, true learning consists of knowledge of remote and uncommon things, not of ordinary human affairs. Thus, the best way to capture his notion of learning is the description of a learned man as one who knows the most of what is farthest removed from common life and actual observation. This matches option D. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall the passage statement that knowledge which appeals to the bosoms and businesses of men is not learning.Step 2: Note how the author then defines learning positively: Learning is the knowledge of that which none but the learned know.Step 3: Focus on the line: He is the most learned man who knows the most of what is farthest removed from common life and actual observation.Step 4: Compare this definition with the options. Option D reproduces the key phrase farthest removed from common life and actual observation, which is central to the author argument.Step 5: Recognise that the other options refer to specific examples or different aspects (characters in history, streets of cities, seeing not with the eyes of others) and do not directly summarise the nature of learning as the author defines it. Verification / Alternative check: Check each option against the passage core message. Option A focuses on knowing all the principal characters in history, which is one example of what the learned man can lecture about, but the author presents it as a symptom of learning, not its essence. Option B sees not with the eyes of others does not clearly appear as a central claim in the text. Option C mentions being acquainted with the dimensions of Constantinople and Peking, another illustrative detail but not the main point. Only option D directly reproduces the author general characterisation of the most learned man and therefore summarises what learning means in the passage. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A is too narrow, referring only to knowledge of historical characters. Option C is similarly narrow, mentioning geographical facts about great cities. The passage uses these as examples of the learned man concern with distant and unusual knowledge, but they are not themselves the definition of learning. Option B does not correspond clearly to any strong statement in the text, and even if interpreted metaphorically, it does not capture the emphasis on distance from common life. All three fail to reflect the key contrast with the businesses of men that the author emphasises. Common Pitfalls: Because the passage is rich in colourful details, many readers latch onto striking images such as the tribes and castes of remote peoples or the exact dimensions of foreign cities. However, exam questions about main ideas usually aim for the more general and abstract statement that covers all such examples. A good strategy is to look for definitions that use words like most learned and farthest removed, which clearly convey the author central viewpoint. Final Answer: According to the passage, the type of knowledge that counts as learning, as opposed to practical business knowledge, is best summed up as knowing the most of what is farthest removed from common life and actual observation, so option D is correct.

Question 10

In the passage on learning and common life, what does the author imply about the nature of learning?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question asks about the main implication of a passage that contrasts learning with everyday practical knowledge. The passage presents a somewhat critical picture of the learned man who knows a great deal about remote and abstract subjects but very little about his neighbours or ordinary life. To answer correctly, you must identify what the author suggests about learning as a type of knowledge, rather than focusing on individual examples. Given Data / Assumptions: The passage defines learning as the knowledge of that which is not generally known to others and which we derive secondhand from books and artificial sources. It states that learning is the knowledge of that which none but the learned know. The learned man is described as knowing names, dates, and distant peoples but not knowing his next door neighbours. The options propose different possible implications drawn from these descriptions. Concept / Approach: The central implication is that learning, as the author uses the term, is a specialised and exclusive kind of knowledge. It consists of information that ordinary people do not possess and that relates to things far removed from everyday experience. The author explicitly states that learning is the knowledge of that which none but the learned know, which clearly suggests exclusivity. The other options contradict explicit details from the passage or misrepresent the author stance. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Revisit the key definition: Learning is the knowledge of that which is not generally known to others, and which we can only derive at secondhand from books or other artificial sources.Step 2: Note the line: Learning is the knowledge of that which none but the learned know, which directly emphasises exclusivity.Step 3: Compare this with option A: knowledge of the learned is exclusive to them. This is essentially a paraphrase of the passage statement.Step 4: Examine option B: a learned man cannot deliver lectures. The passage actually says he can pronounce a pompous lecture on all the principal characters in history, so this is false.Step 5: Examine options C and D: the passage states the learned man is deeply read in the tribes and castes of Hindoos and Calmuc Tartars and is a professed master of optics and perspective, so saying he is not interested or not aware contradicts the text. Verification / Alternative check: Look at how the passage contrasts learning with the knowledge that appeals to our experience, passions, and the businesses of men. It insists that such practical knowledge is not learning. Instead, it praises or at least highlights knowledge that is far from common life and which only learned people possess. This supports the interpretation that learning, in the author view, is exclusive, specialised, and somewhat disconnected from ordinary reality. Option A captures this implication clearly, while the others misuse isolated details or ignore direct statements. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option B is directly contradicted by the passage line that the learned man can pronounce a pompous lecture on all the principal characters in history. Option C is wrong because the passage explicitly says he is deeply read in the tribes and castes of the Hindoos and Calmuc Tartars, showing strong interest. Option D is wrong because the passage says he is a professed master of the optics and the rules of perspective, even if he cannot judge simple objects in front of him. These options misread or invert the author criticisms. Common Pitfalls: Some readers may be distracted by the author irony and think the passage is saying that the learned man fails in the very subjects he studies, such as optics. However, the satire lies in the contrast between his abstract mastery and his practical ignorance, not in a denial of his theoretical knowledge. To avoid such misinterpretations, always separate what the author states as fact from what is criticised. The fact here is that learning concerns knowledge that others do not have, making it exclusive. Final Answer: The passage implies that knowledge of the learned is exclusive to them, so option A is correct.

Question 11

In the following English question, out of the four given alternatives, select the option which best expresses the meaning of the idiom or phrase “Zip your lip”.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question tests understanding of English idioms, specifically the informal expression “zip your lip”. Competitive exams and language tests often check whether candidates understand the figurative sense behind such phrases rather than their literal meaning. Knowing this idiom helps in everyday communication, where people use it to advise silence or secrecy in a direct but casual way. Given Data / Assumptions: The idiom given is “Zip your lip”. We must choose the option that best explains the meaning of this idiom in simple English. All four options are short English phrases related to speaking or silence. Concept / Approach: Idioms are expressions where the overall meaning is different from the literal meanings of the individual words. The word “zip” suggests closing something, like zipping a bag or jacket so it cannot open easily. “Lip” refers to the mouth or speaking. Together, “zip your lip” clearly suggests closing your mouth and not talking, especially when it is better to keep quiet or not reveal information. The correct option will capture this idea of silence or keeping something secret. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Interpret the literal image of the idiom. Imagine a zip placed on someone's lips, which would prevent speaking. Step 2: Translate this literal image into a natural English meaning. If lips are closed with a zip, the person cannot talk, so the sense is “do not speak”. Step 3: Check each option to see which one matches the idea of not speaking or keeping information to yourself. Step 4: Option A, “Keep quiet about something.”, directly fits the idiom because it advises silence, especially regarding some matter. Step 5: The other options either talk about speaking fast, not thinking before speaking, or a situation of silence before a storm, none of which match the meaning of the idiom used in normal conversation. Verification / Alternative check: In spoken English, people use “Zip your lip” when someone is talking too much or is about to reveal something that should stay private. For example, a teacher might say it to a noisy class, or a friend might say it when they want another friend to stop revealing a secret. In all these cases, the idea is “keep quiet about something”. This confirms that the best match is the option that talks about staying silent. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option B: “To talk fast.” is incorrect because the idiom suggests silence, not rapid speech. Option C: “To not think before speaking.” describes careless speaking, whereas the idiom advises not speaking at all. Option D: “The silence before a storm.” refers to a calm period before trouble starts, and not to an instruction to remain quiet. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes confuse idioms that involve speech, such as “hold your tongue”, “bite your tongue”, and “zip your lip”. All suggest not speaking, but the exam expects the closest simple paraphrase. Another common mistake is choosing an option that sounds dramatic or poetic, like “the silence before a storm”, even though it does not capture the meaning of the original idiom. Always focus on what people really mean when they use the expression in normal conversation. Final Answer: The idiom “Zip your lip” means that someone should stop talking or keep something secret. Therefore, the correct answer is Keep quiet about something.

Question 12

In the following English vocabulary question, choose the single word that best substitutes the given description: “A military or political group that rules a country after taking power by force.”

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question checks knowledge of one word substitutions in English, a common area in competitive examinations. The description refers to a specific type of ruling group that seizes power rather than gaining it through fair elections or normal constitutional processes. Recognising such terms helps in understanding political news, history texts, and opinion articles accurately. Given Data / Assumptions: The phrase to be replaced is “A military or political group that rules a country after taking power by force”. We need one English word that captures this entire idea. The options given are: Junta, Suffrage, Emancipation, and Egalitarianism. Concept / Approach: In political vocabulary, different words describe different systems and events. A ruling group that seizes power is typically called a “junta”, especially when it is military. “Suffrage” relates to the right to vote. “Emancipation” refers to freedom from some form of control or slavery. “Egalitarianism” means belief in equality. Only one of these words matches the idea of a small group ruling a country after a forcible takeover. The correct approach is to recall exact dictionary meanings and then match them with the description in the question. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify the key ideas in the description: military or political group, rules a country, took power by force. Step 2: Recall the meaning of “junta”. It refers to a small group, usually military officers, that takes control of a country by force and then governs it. Step 3: Check “suffrage”. This word means the legal right to vote in political elections, not a ruling group. Step 4: Check “emancipation”. It means the act of setting someone free from legal, social, or political restrictions, not seizing power. Step 5: Check “egalitarianism”. This is the belief in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights, again not a ruling group. Verification / Alternative check: In news reports and history books, when a military overthrows a government and starts ruling, it is usually described as a “military junta”. Examples from world history confirm this usage. Such a group might suspend the constitution, control media, and exercise power through force. This definition matches the description in the question perfectly, confirming that “junta” is the correct answer. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option B: “Suffrage” is about voting rights, which is the opposite of power being taken by force. It is linked to democracy, not coups. Option C: “Emancipation” refers to liberation or freedom, often used in the context of slaves or oppressed groups gaining freedom. Option D: “Egalitarianism” is a philosophy of equality and fair treatment, not a term for a ruling group. Common Pitfalls: Candidates sometimes confuse political vocabulary because these words often appear together in texts discussing government and rights. For example, egalitarianism and suffrage are important concepts in a democracy, while a junta usually appears where democratic processes are broken. Remember that a one word substitution question requires very precise matching, so pay attention to the details of the description such as “rules a country” and “taking power by force”. Final Answer: The single word that means “a military or political group that rules a country after taking power by force” is Junta.

Question 13

The sentence begins with “Cars were owned by”. Out of the following labelled parts A, B and C, choose the most logical order to form a grammatically correct and meaningful sentence.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question checks the candidate's ability to arrange jumbled sentence parts into a coherent and grammatically correct sentence. Such questions test understanding of sentence structure, logical flow, and the way clauses and phrases combine to express a complete thought. The sentence given talks about cars being owned only by a limited group and the speaker's social class not yet being affected by this change. Given Data / Assumptions: The fixed opening is “Cars were owned by”. Part A: “only a privileged few and”. Part B: “my class of society was”. Part C: “as yet untouched by it”. We must choose among the orders ABC, CBA, CAB, BCA. Concept / Approach: To solve jumbled sentence questions, we look for grammatical connections and natural meaning. After “Cars were owned by”, we usually expect the agent or group that owns the cars. The phrase “only a privileged few” fits that role. After mentioning a privileged group, a contrast with “my class of society was as yet untouched by it” makes sense. So we look for a continuation where “my class of society was” is followed by some description like “as yet untouched by it”. This guides us toward the correct sequence of A, B, and C. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Attach a suitable phrase after “Cars were owned by”. Part A begins with “only a privileged few and”, which fits naturally as the object of the preposition “by”. Step 2: After “only a privileged few and”, we ask “who else is being mentioned”. Part B, “my class of society was”, continues the comparison between the privileged group and the speaker's class. Step 3: After “my class of society was”, we require a complement telling us what was true about this class. Part C, “as yet untouched by it”, completes the idea. Step 4: Combine everything: “Cars were owned by only a privileged few and my class of society was as yet untouched by it.” The sentence is grammatically correct and meaningful. Step 5: Identify the corresponding option. This order is A, then B, then C, which is option ABC. Verification / Alternative check: If we try any other sequence, the sentence either becomes ungrammatical or awkward. For example, “Cars were owned by as yet untouched by it” (starting with C) does not work. Similarly, placing B directly after the opening gives “Cars were owned by my class of society was” which is wrong because “was” cannot directly follow “by” in that way. Only ABC maintains correct grammar and a logical flow from the idea of ownership to the idea of social classes not yet affected. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option B (CBA): Starting with C, “as yet untouched by it”, after “Cars were owned by” does not make sense syntactically. Option C (CAB): Placing C after the opener again produces an incorrect partial sentence and disturbs the natural flow. Option D (BCA): “Cars were owned by my class of society was …” is grammatically incorrect because it mixes the object of “by” with a finite verb in the wrong position. Common Pitfalls: Students often focus only on meaning and ignore the grammar of prepositions and verbs. In English, after “by” we expect a noun or noun phrase, not a clause with “was” immediately. Another mistake is to be misled by the emotional or narrative feel of the sentence without checking if each part connects grammatically to the next. Always read the combined sentence aloud in your mind to check for smooth flow. Final Answer: The correct and meaningful sentence is formed in the order A, then B, then C. Therefore, the correct answer is ABC.

Question 14

In this English spelling question, four alternatives are given. Select the correctly spelt word from the options provided.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question checks spelling skills, which are important for writing error free English in exams, applications, and professional communication. The word being tested here is a common abstract noun related to pride. Correct spelling is essential because even minor mistakes can change the appearance and acceptability of formal writing. Given Data / Assumptions: Four options are given which are similar in sound: arogance, arroganse, aroganse, and arrogance. Only one of them is the correct spelling accepted in standard English dictionaries. The pronunciation suggests three syllables: ar ro gance. Concept / Approach: To identify correct spellings, we rely on familiarity with frequent English words, knowledge of common suffixes, and sometimes patterns of double consonants. The word intended here is “arrogance”, which means excessive pride or a sense of superiority. This word is derived from “arrogant”. When forming the noun, the suffix “ance” is used, not “anse”, and the root “arrogant” already has a double “r”. So we expect “arrogance” with double “r” and the ending “ance”. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall the base adjective “arrogant”. It clearly has double “r”. Step 2: Form the noun by replacing “ant” with “ance”. This produces “arrogance”. Step 3: Compare this standard form with each option. Option D matches exactly: arrogance. Step 4: Check Option A: arogance – it has only one “r”, which is incorrect. Step 5: Check Options B and C: both end with “anse”, which is not the usual English ending for this word. Verification / Alternative check: If you consult any recognised English dictionary or reliable digital dictionary, the word will appear as “arrogance”. It will be defined as an exaggerated sense of one's own importance or abilities, and the spelling will always show “rr” and “ance”. No standard dictionary records forms like “arogance” or “arroganse”. This independent check confirms that only one option is correct. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A: “arogance” has only one “r”, which does not match the correct form derived from “arrogant”. Option B: “arroganse” uses the ending “anse” which is not the standard suffix for this noun. Option C: “aroganse” is doubly wrong because it has one “r” and the wrong suffix “anse”. Common Pitfalls: Many learners confuse suffixes like “ance”, “ence”, “anse”, and “ense”. For nouns that come from adjectives ending in “ant”, the usual pattern is to change “ant” to “ance”, such as “important” to “importance” and “arrogant” to “arrogance”. Remembering the parent adjective often helps in fixing the spelling. Also, pay attention to doubled consonants; English sometimes doubles a consonant to preserve the short sound of a preceding vowel or due to the history of the word. Final Answer: The correctly spelt word among the options is arrogance.

Question 15

Four similar looking words are given. Choose the correctly spelt English word from the options provided.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This spelling question focuses on a common but slightly tricky English word related to peace and calm. Examinations often test such words because they appear frequently in essays and comprehension passages. Knowing the standard spelling helps in writing polished English and understanding formal texts without confusion. Given Data / Assumptions: The four options are: Tranquility, Tranquillity, Trankquility, and Trankwility. We must pick the spelling accepted in standard English usage. The word means calmness, peace, or a quiet state. Concept / Approach: There are two common variants for this word in English: “tranquillity” (with double “l”) is traditional British spelling, while “tranquility” (with single “l”) is often used in American English. Many Indian examinations follow British spelling conventions, which is why “tranquillity” with a double “l” is usually treated as correct. Also, the beginning part “tranquil” remains unchanged, and the suffix “lity” is attached, resulting in “tranquillity”. Options that change “tranq” to “trank” are clearly incorrect. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify the root word “tranquil”, which is spelt t r a n q u i l. Step 2: Add the suffix “lity” to form the abstract noun, giving t r a n q u i l l i t y. Step 3: Compare this form with the given options. Option B, “Tranquillity”, matches the double “l” pattern and keeps the “tranquil” root intact. Step 4: Option A, “Tranquility”, uses a single “l”. This form appears in some American texts but is not normally preferred in British oriented exams. Step 5: Options C and D change “tranq” to “trank”, which does not match the correct root word and are incorrect spellings. Verification / Alternative check: Checking a British English dictionary or exam based word list will show “tranquillity” as the standard spelling. Some international dictionaries list both forms but usually mark the double “l” version as British. Since most competitive English questions in such exams follow British norms, the safe and expected choice is “Tranquillity”. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A: “Tranquility” is acceptable in American English but is often not treated as correct in exams that follow British spelling patterns. Option C: “Trankquility” has the wrong consonant cluster “trank”, which is not part of the real word. Option D: “Trankwility” has both the wrong initial cluster “trank” and the wrong internal spelling, so it is clearly incorrect. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes forget whether the double consonant appears in the root or only in the derivative form. Remember that the root “tranquil” has one “l”, but when we form “tranquillity” another “l” is added due to the suffix, resulting in two “l” characters in a row. Also, never replace “qu” with “k” in such words, because “qu” is a stable letter combination in English that represents a particular sound. Final Answer: The correctly spelt word in the context of standard exam oriented English is Tranquillity.

Question 16

In this idiom based English question, choose the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the idiom “Smell a rat”.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question tests understanding of an English idiom, “Smell a rat”. Idioms often arise from vivid images, but their real meanings are figurative rather than literal. Examinations use such items to check whether a learner can connect the figurative sense with a simple explanation, which is an important skill in reading editorials, novels, and conversations. Given Data / Assumptions: The idiom is “Smell a rat”. We must select the option that correctly explains its figurative meaning. Options include ideas about suspicion, actual smell, and even “something right”. Concept / Approach: The idiom “smell a rat” does not literally refer to a physical rat. Instead, it refers to a feeling that something is wrong, dishonest, or hidden. It suggests that even if there is no clear proof, a person has a strong suspicion that something is not as it appears. Therefore, the correct option must express the idea of suspecting something wrong, not just smelling an animal or noticing a pleasant situation. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Think of the image used in the idiom. If there is a hidden rat, there is likely something dirty, dangerous, or unpleasant. Step 2: Translate this picture into a mental feeling: a sense that something is wrong or someone is hiding the truth. Step 3: Read Option A: “Suspect something wrong”. This directly captures the meaning of the idiom and fits many real life uses. Step 4: Read Option B and C, which mention burning or rotten rats. These are literal and not commonly used idioms. Step 5: Read Option D, “Smell something right”, which is the opposite of what the idiom implies. Verification / Alternative check: In ordinary usage, a person might say “I smell a rat in this deal” when they feel that a business offer is dishonest or that someone is trying to cheat them. There may be no clear evidence, but there is a strong suspicion. In all such contexts, the sense is always negative and linked to doubt. This supports the choice “Suspect something wrong” as the best paraphrase. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option B: “Smell a burned rat” is not a standard English expression and has no recognised idiomatic meaning. Option C: “Smell a rotten rat” focuses only on bad smell and still fails to represent the figurative idea of suspicion. Option D: “Smell something right” suggests a positive feeling, which is the opposite of doubt or suspicion. Common Pitfalls: Some learners overthink the image and pick options involving rotten or burned rats, thinking that unpleasant smell automatically implies the idiom. However, idioms must be matched by known usage, not just by imagination. It is important to learn common idioms as fixed expressions with standard meanings. When in doubt, mentally place the idiom into a sentence and see which paraphrase fits best. Final Answer: The idiom “Smell a rat” means to feel that something is wrong or dishonest. Hence the correct answer is Suspect something wrong.

Question 17

Read the passage about ancient Egyptians and cats carefully and then answer the question: “Hordes of rats invaded Egypt. They came from _____.” Choose the most appropriate option.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This reading comprehension question is based on a passage describing how ancient Egyptians valued cats, especially for their ability to control rodents. The passage explains how rats invaded Egypt and how cats replaced other animals as rodent killers. The question checks whether the reader can recall a specific factual detail: the region from which these rats came. Such detail oriented questions test careful reading and memory of key points. Given Data / Assumptions: The passage describes the arrival of hordes of rats in Egypt. It clearly states the origin of these rats. We must choose between Europe, Asia, Asia Minor, and Africa. No external knowledge is required; the answer is directly in the text. Concept / Approach: For factual detail questions, the correct strategy is to locate the relevant sentence in the passage mentally and recall the exact phrase used by the author. The question repeats part of that sentence: “Hordes of rats invaded Egypt.” The next words in the passage mention the region from which they came. Instead of guessing from general historical information, the reader should rely on the given text, because the exam tests comprehension rather than world history here. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall the portion of the passage that talks about the rats. It mentions that grass snakes and weasels were earlier kept in houses but could not handle the rat invasion. Step 2: Immediately after this, the passage says that hordes of rats invaded Egypt “from Asia”. Step 3: Match this with the answer choices. Option B states “Asia”, which is identical to the location mentioned in the passage. Step 4: Quickly check the other options. Europe, Asia Minor, and Africa are all different regions and were not mentioned as the origin of the rats. Step 5: Confirm that there is no trick or indirect phrasing; the passage is direct and unambiguous on this point. Verification / Alternative check: One may be tempted to think of ancient trade routes or neighbouring regions, but the question is not asking for historical analysis. It simply asks what the passage itself says. Re reading the relevant line in the mental picture confirms that only “Asia” appears there. This is a straightforward recall task, and cross checking with the options shows that exactly one alternative matches the text word for word. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A: “Europe” is incorrect because the passage does not mention Europe regarding the rats. Option C: “Asia Minor” is a more specific region but again not the term used in the passage. Option D: “Africa” is the continent that includes Egypt, but the question is asking from where the rats invaded, and the passage says they came from elsewhere. Common Pitfalls: A frequent mistake in such questions is relying on assumptions or outside knowledge instead of the passage. Some students may also mix up “Asia” and “Asia Minor” because they sound similar. The safest strategy is always to mentally revisit the exact wording used in the text and pick an answer that matches it precisely. Highlighting or underlining factual details during reading can help in longer passages. Final Answer: According to the passage, the rats that invaded Egypt came from Asia. Therefore, the correct option is Asia.

Question 18

Based on the passage about Dr Albert Schweitzer at the Chicago railroad station, choose the option that best completes the sentence: “Dr Albert preferred to let his actions _____.”

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question comes from a passage describing how Dr Albert Schweitzer arrived at a station where many officials and reporters were waiting to honour him. Instead of focusing on the attention, he quietly went to help an elderly woman with her luggage. The narrator then comments that this behaviour was like watching a sermon in action. The question asks what Dr Albert preferred regarding his actions and words. Given Data / Assumptions: The passage describes Dr Albert Schweitzer as a Nobel Peace Prize winner and a famous missionary doctor. He leaves the reception group briefly to help an elderly woman with her suitcases. Someone remarks that this was like seeing a “sermon walking”. The question focuses on the idea that his actions mattered more than his words. Concept / Approach: There is a well known saying in English: “Actions speak louder than words.” It means that what a person actually does shows their character more clearly than what they simply say. The passage gives an example of this principle. Dr Albert does not give any speech at that moment to show kindness; instead, he quietly acts in a kind way. Therefore, the correct option must capture the idea that he allowed his deeds to express his values instead of depending on talk or publicity. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Think about the main message of the story. The emphasis is on humble service and practical kindness. Step 2: Connect this to the common proverb about actions speaking louder than words. Step 3: Examine Option A: “speak louder than his words”. This is directly based on that proverb and fits perfectly with his behaviour in the passage. Step 4: Examine Option B: “be admired”. While people did admire him, that is not the main idea; the focus is on the nature of his behaviour, not on seeking admiration. Step 5: Examine Options C and D, which talk about being advertised or written about; these suggest seeking publicity, which is opposite to his modest and service oriented behaviour. Verification / Alternative check: The remark by a member of the reception committee, calling him a “sermon walking”, reinforces that his life and actions served as a living lesson. A sermon normally uses words to teach moral values, but here his simple deed became the lesson. That supports the idea that his actions spoke louder than any formal speech. None of the other options summarise this central message as clearly as Option A does. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option B: “be admired” focuses on others' reaction, not on his preference for action over talk. Option C: “be advertised” suggests self promotion, which is contrary to his humble nature. Option D: “be written about” refers to reports or biographies, which may happen later but are not what he prefers in that moment. Common Pitfalls: Some students may be tempted to choose an option that mentions admiration or publicity because Dr Albert was a Nobel Prize winner and a famous personality. However, the passage specifically highlights his humility and focus on service. When answering comprehension questions, always link the option to the main theme and moral of the story rather than to external knowledge or assumptions about famous people. Final Answer: Dr Albert Schweitzer preferred to demonstrate his values through practical deeds rather than words. Thus, the correct completion is that he preferred to let his actions speak louder than his words.

Question 19

In the following sentence error question, identify the part which contains a grammatical error, if any: “On being called, / all of us / entered into the room. / No Error”.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Error spotting questions test a learner's command of English grammar and usage. In this sentence, the structure is divided into four parts, and we must find which part contains a mistake. The focus here is on correct use of the verb “enter” with respect to prepositions, a common area of confusion in English exams. Given Data / Assumptions: The full sentence is: “On being called, (A) / all of us (B) / entered into the room. (C) / No Error (D)”. We must choose the part A, B, C, or D where the error lies. If there is no error, we would choose D. Concept / Approach: The key grammar rule involved here concerns the verb “enter”. In standard English, “enter” is a transitive verb, which means it usually takes a direct object without a preposition when indicating movement into a place. We say “enter the room”, not “enter into the room”. The phrase “enter into” is used in different senses, such as “enter into an agreement” or “enter into a discussion”, where the meaning is more abstract. In the physical sense of going inside a room, “into” is unnecessary and incorrect. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Examine Part A: “On being called,”. This introductory phrase is correct and serves as an adverbial clause of time. Step 2: Examine Part B: “all of us”. This is a correct subject phrase referring to the group. Step 3: Examine Part C: “entered into the room.” This is where we must check the verb and preposition usage. Step 4: Apply the rule for “enter”. The correct expression for physical movement is “entered the room”, without “into”. Step 5: Conclude that Part C contains the error. The correct sentence should read: “On being called, all of us entered the room.” Verification / Alternative check: To verify, we can test the sentence against other examples: “She entered the hall”, “The students entered the classroom”, “They entered the building”. In each case, no preposition is used after “entered” when referring to a place. This pattern confirms that adding “into” in this context is non standard and considered incorrect in formal English grammar questions. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A: “On being called,” is a standard non finite clause and grammatically fine. Option B: “all of us” correctly functions as the subject and has no error. Option D: “No Error” cannot be correct because we have already identified a clear usage mistake in Part C. Common Pitfalls: Because many people use “enter into” in everyday speech, students sometimes think it is acceptable in all contexts. Another confusion arises because other verbs like “go into” and “come into” are correct, so learners wrongly apply the same pattern to “enter”. For exam purposes, always remember that “enter” directly takes an object when indicating physical movement to a place, and avoid adding “into” in such cases. Final Answer: The error lies in Part C, where “entered into the room” should be “entered the room”. Therefore, the correct answer is C.

Question 20

In the following voice change question, choose the option that correctly expresses the sentence “The painter painted the entire bungalow.” in passive voice.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question tests knowledge of changing a sentence from active voice to passive voice. The original sentence is in the simple past tense and has a clear subject, verb, and object. In many competitive exams, candidates must be able to transform sentences while preserving the original meaning and tense. Given Data / Assumptions: Active sentence: “The painter painted the entire bungalow.” Subject: “The painter”. Verb: “painted” (simple past form of “paint”). Object: “the entire bungalow”. We need a passive sentence that keeps the same tense and sense. Concept / Approach: In active voice, the subject performs the action. In passive voice, the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence, and the original subject is placed in a prepositional phrase with “by”, if needed. For simple past tense, the passive structure is: was or were + past participle. Therefore, “painted” in passive will be part of “was painted” or “were painted”, depending on the new subject. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify the object “the entire bungalow” and make it the new subject of the passive sentence. Step 2: Keep the tense as simple past, so choose “was painted” because “the entire bungalow” is singular. Step 3: Place the original subject “the painter” after the past participle in a “by” phrase. Step 4: Combine everything to get: “The entire bungalow was painted by the painter.” Step 5: Compare this structure with the options and select the exact match, which is Option C. Verification / Alternative check: Check the tense: the original uses “painted” which is simple past, and the passive form “was painted” is also simple past. Check meaning: both sentences express the same event, but with different emphasis. The passive highlights the bungalow, while still mentioning the painter as the agent. This confirms that the transformation is accurate and complete. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A: “The entire bungalow is painted by the painter.” uses present tense “is painted”, which changes the time reference and is therefore incorrect. Option B: “Painting of the entire bungalow was done by the painter.” is grammatically possible but it changes the structure noticeably and sounds less natural in exam oriented transformations. The standard transformation keeps closer to the original pattern. Option D: “Painting of the entire bungalow is done by the painter.” again shifts the tense to present, which does not match the original simple past. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes forget to match tense when changing from active to passive. Another frequent error is to form passive sentences using awkward nominal phrases like “painting of” instead of simply transforming the main verb into passive form. For exam purposes, always keep the tense, number, and meaning unchanged and use standard passive structures such as “was painted”, “is built”, “will be done”. Final Answer: The correct passive transformation of the sentence is The entire bungalow was painted by the painter.

English Questions