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Home Biochemistry Cell Signalling and Transduction Comments

  • Question
  • Simple nerve reflexes use signaling molecules called


  • Options
  • A. neurotransmitters
  • B. nitric oxides
  • C. G proteins
  • D. proteases

  • Correct Answer
  • neurotransmitters 


  • Cell Signalling and Transduction problems


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    • 1. The major second messengers are

    • Options
    • A. cAMP
    • B. cGMP
    • C. DAG
    • D. All of these
    • Discuss
    • 2. Cell signaling can be classified into

    • Options
    • A. three distinct types based on the distance over which the signaling molecules act
    • B. two distinct types based on the distance over which the signaling molecules act
    • C. three distinct types based on the signaling molecules
    • D. none of the above
    • Discuss
    • 3. The hormone or ligand can be considered as

    • Options
    • A. first messenger
    • B. second messenger
    • C. both (a) and (b)
    • D. none of these
    • Discuss
    • 4. Which of the following is a second messenger?

    • Options
    • A. lnositol 1,4,5-triphosphate
    • B. Diacyl glycerol
    • C. Phospholipase C
    • D. Both (a) and (b)
    • Discuss
    • 5. SH2 domains specifically bind to

    • Options
    • A. phosphorylated serine residues
    • B. phosphorylated tyrosine residues
    • C. GDP
    • D. Ca2+
    • Discuss
    • 6. The binding of ligands to many G-proteins linked receptors leads to shortlived

    • Options
    • A. increase in the concentration of certain intracellular signaling molecules called second messenger
    • B. decrease in the concentration of certain intracellular signaling molecules called second messenger
    • C. increase in the concentration of certain extracellular signaling molecules called first messenger
    • D. decrease in the concentration of certain extracellular signaling molecules called first messenger
    • Discuss
    • 7. The enzyme that catalyzes the splitting of PIP2 into two molecules of inositol triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol in cell signaling, is

    • Options
    • A. phosphokinase C
    • B. phospholipase C
    • C. phosphodiesterase C
    • D. lipokinase
    • Discuss
    • 8. Which of the following statement is incorrect?

    • Options
    • A. The principal lipophilic hormones that binds to receptors located in the plasma membranes are prostaglandins
    • B. Prostaglandins are synthesized from arachidonic acid
    • C. Prostaglandins act as paracrine signaling molecules
    • D. None of the above
    • Discuss
    • 9. In paracrine signaling, the signaling molecules affects only

    • Options
    • A. target cells close to the cell from which it was secreted
    • B. target cells distant from its site of synthesis in cells of an endocrine organ
    • C. both (a) and (b)
    • D. none of the above
    • Discuss
    • 10. A signal cascade induced by adrenaline or thyroxine

    • Options
    • A. must begin with receipt of the signal molecule by a surface receptor
    • B. involves the activation of a G protein
    • C. results in the activation of a sequence of enzymes needed for the cell effect
    • D. all of the above
    • Discuss


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