cell-structure-and-compartments biochemistry question and answers -Page first

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Cell Structure and Compartments problems

1. The highly folded membranes found in such eukaryotic organelles as mitochondria and chloroplasts
Options
A. increase the surface area where key chemical processes can occur
B. help the cell against physical damage
C. make it possible to package large amounts of DNA within the cell
D. assist with cell movement

2. Lysosomes are specialized vesicles in __________ that contain digestive enzymes for the breakdown of food. A related organalle known as a vacuole, which is found in __________ , also contains enzymes but in addition may act as a storage organelle for nutrients or water.
Options
A. animals; plants and fungi
B. plants; animals and fungi
C. plants and fungi; animals
D. animals and plants; fungi

4. In which of the following cell organelles, it is expected to find the biochemical reactions that harness energy from the breakdown of sugar molecules to synthesize large amounts of ATP?
Options
A. Lysosome
B. Vesicles
C. Mitochondria
D. Plasma membrane

5. What do dystrophin, utrophin, actin, and tubulin have to do with eukaryotic cell structure and function?
Options
A. They are components in the reactions of photosynthesis
B. They all participate in the degradation of large amounts of ATP
C. They all participate in the production of large amounts of ATP
D. They are all embedded proteins in plasma membranes

6. An organism's first line of defense against attack by an invader such as a virus or bacterium is usually
Options
A. to flee or hide
B. its body wall
C. a specific immune response
D. a nonspecific immune response

8. Eukaryotic cells are more efficient than prokaryotes because their internal compartmentalization
Options
A. makes each compartment nutritionally independent of all others
B. allows for specialization through the subdivision of particular tasks
C. allows for specialization through merging of different tasks
D. reduces overall cell size

9. Which of the following macromolecules are found in the plasma membrane?
Options
A. Lipids and proteins only
B. Lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates
C. Proteins and carbohydrates only
D. Proteins only

10. The simplest way to differentiate a prokaryotic cell from a eukaryotic one is to
Options
A. look for a plasma membrane
B. see if a nucleus is present
C. check for the presence of DNA
D. determine if the cell is an entire organism or not

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