Question 1

Select the related word from the given alternatives: Ice : Cold :: Steam : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy focuses on the relationship between a substance and a typical property associated with its state. Ice and Cold are closely linked, and you must find the corresponding word related to Steam. These questions check basic science understanding and the ability to recognize characteristic properties. Given Data / Assumptions: - Ice is the solid form of water and is associated with low temperature, that is, coldness. - Steam is the gaseous form of water produced at high temperatures. - The first pair can be read as "substance or state : characteristic temperature condition." - The correct answer will express a similar characteristic for Steam as Cold does for Ice. Concept / Approach: Ice : Cold expresses that ice is typically cold. Steam is produced when water is heated, usually at or above its boiling point, so the characteristic temperature condition is high temperature, usually described in simple vocabulary as hot. The correct choice will be the everyday description of how steam feels in terms of temperature, not the scientific classification of its physical state. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Interpret the first pair. Ice is always associated with low temperature and gives a sensation of coldness. Step 2: Recognize the pattern: "physical form of water : usual temperature description." Step 3: Consider steam. It is water vapor that comes from boiling or very hot water and can cause burns due to high temperature. Step 4: Look at the options. Gas is the physical state of steam, but this does not mirror the temperature based relationship used in the first pair. Water is the generic substance, and Engine describes a mechanical device. Step 5: Hot is directly associated with high temperature. Steam is felt as hot in everyday experience. Step 6: Therefore, Steam : Hot is parallel to Ice : Cold. Verification / Alternative check: Check each option in the same pattern. If we write "Ice : Cold :: Steam : Gas," the second pair shifts from a property (cold) to a state of matter (gas), breaking the analogy. "Steam : Water" links the state to the base substance, not to a temperature property, and "Steam : Engine" does not make sense as a property description. Only "Steam : Hot" gives a direct temperature related property, matching the pattern. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A "Gas" states the physical state of steam, but the first pair uses a temperature property, not a state of matter. Option C "Water" gives the underlying substance but again does not mirror the way Cold describes Ice. Option D "Engine" is unrelated, although some engines may use steam; it is not a property of steam itself. Common Pitfalls: Students may overthink and select Gas because steam is indeed a gas. However, reasoning questions usually keep the type of relationship consistent within both pairs. Focusing on similar property types (temperature in this case) is a reliable strategy for verbal analogies. Final Answer: The correct related word is Hot.

Question 2

Select the related group of letters from the given alternatives: DFH : GIK :: MOQ : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a letter series analogy where each letter is shifted by a constant amount. The pair DFH : GIK shows a uniform forward shift in the alphabet. You must apply the same shift to MOQ and select the resulting group from the given options. These problems reinforce basic alphabet position skills. Given Data / Assumptions: - A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26 is used for letter positions. - DFH and GIK are related through a consistent transformation applied to each letter. - MOQ must be transformed with the same rule. - Only one option among PRT, OQS, QSU, and LNP will follow the pattern exactly. Concept / Approach: We identify the position of each letter in DFH and GIK, then compute the numerical difference. If the difference is constant for all positions, this difference becomes our rule. We then apply this same difference to each letter of MOQ and look for a matching option. This letter shift technique is a standard method for alphabet based analogies. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Convert DFH to positions. D = 4, F = 6, H = 8. Step 2: Convert GIK to positions. G = 7, I = 9, K = 11. Step 3: Calculate differences. 4 to 7 is +3, 6 to 9 is +3, 8 to 11 is +3. The rule is therefore "add 3" to every letter. Step 4: Convert MOQ to positions. M = 13, O = 15, Q = 17. Step 5: Apply the +3 shift. 13 + 3 = 16 (P), 15 + 3 = 18 (R), 17 + 3 = 20 (T). Step 6: This gives the group PRT, which matches option A. Verification / Alternative check: To verify, subtract 3 from P, R, and T. P (16) minus 3 gives M (13), R (18) minus 3 gives O (15), and T (20) minus 3 gives Q (17). We recover MOQ, which confirms that the rule has been applied correctly. No other option, when shifted backward by 3 in each position, will produce MOQ, so PRT is uniquely correct. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option B "OQS" results from adding 2, 2, and 2 to M, O, and Q instead of 3, so it does not follow the established rule. Option C "QSU" would require different and inconsistent shifts, not a constant +3. Option D "LNP" involves moving letters backward from M, O, Q rather than forward, again violating the established pattern. Common Pitfalls: A frequent error is guessing based on partial similarity, such as recognizing that the first letter P comes after M and selecting an option without checking the remaining positions. The key in sequence questions is consistency: the same shift must apply to all letters across the pair. Final Answer: The correct related group of letters is PRT.

Question 3

Select the related number from the given alternatives: 111 : 89 :: 105 : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a number analogy where the second number is obtained from the first by a simple arithmetic operation. The pair 111 : 89 provides the pattern. You must detect that pattern and then apply it to 105 to find the missing number. Such questions test your ability to spot consistent differences rather than memorizing formulas. Given Data / Assumptions: - The first pair is 111 and 89. - The second pair is 105 and an unknown number that must follow the same rule. - We look for a simple linear transformation such as addition or subtraction by a constant number. - One of the options 83, 95, 85, or 100 will match that rule. Concept / Approach: Start by computing the difference between 111 and 89. The difference 111 - 89 gives a clue to the operation. If this difference is a constant value that can be subtracted from 105 to yield one of the options, then the rule is very likely to be "subtract that constant." This approach keeps the analogy simple and consistent across pairs. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Compute the difference between 111 and 89. 111 - 89 = 22. Step 2: Interpret the rule as: subtract 22 from the first number to get the second number. Step 3: Apply the same rule to the second pair. Start with 105 and subtract 22. Step 4: Calculate 105 - 22. This equals 83. Step 5: Check whether 83 is listed among the options. It appears as option A. Step 6: Therefore 105 is related to 83 by the same subtraction rule that connects 111 to 89. Verification / Alternative check: We can verify by reapplying the rule in both directions. 111 - 22 = 89 verifies the first pair. For the second pair, adding 22 to 83 gives 105, which reverses the operation and confirms consistency. None of the other given options produce a neat symmetric relationship with 105 based on subtracting 22 or any similarly simple constant that also works for 111 and 89. This supports the conclusion that 83 is the intended answer. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option B "95" would require subtracting 16 from 111 to maintain the pattern, which does not match the actual difference of 22 seen in the first pair. Option C "85" implies subtracting 20, which also fails to reproduce 89 from 111 when used as a constant rule. Option D "100" would mean subtracting 11 from 111, again inconsistent with the requirement of a single shared transformation. Common Pitfalls: A common mistake is to force complicated rules involving digit sums or products when a simple constant difference explains the relationship. Another error is to look only at the second pair and try to deduce a rule separately from the first pair, which breaks the idea of analogy. Always base your pattern discovery on the first pair and insist on a single consistent operation for both pairs. Final Answer: The correct related number is 83.

Question 4

Select the related word from the given alternatives: Alive : Dead :: Question : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy relies on standard pairs of related concepts. Alive and Dead are opposites describing the state of a living being. In the second pair, Question is given, and you must select the word that is most naturally paired with it in everyday usage. Such questions test your grasp of common word associations. Given Data / Assumptions: - Alive and Dead form a well known opposite pair describing life and its cessation. - Question typically demands a corresponding response or outcome. - The pattern is "concept : natural counterpart associated with it in communication or logic." - One of Options, Answer, Right, or Ask fits this counterpart role. Concept / Approach: Alive : Dead can be seen as "one state contrasted with another," but it also represents a standard paired concept. For Question, the word that is most closely and naturally linked is Answer, because a question is asked to obtain an answer. While other words may be related to the process, only Answer plays the role of the direct partner to Question. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Interpret the first pair. Alive and Dead describe two contrasting states and appear together as a fixed expression in language. Step 2: Focus on Question and recall which word is its natural partner. In normal conversation, when someone asks a question, another person gives an answer. Step 3: Evaluate each option. "Options" are possible choices for a question, but they are not the response itself. "Right" describes correctness, and "Ask" refers to the action of putting a question, not its counterpart. Step 4: "Answer" is precisely the response that resolves a question. Step 5: Therefore, Question : Answer is the correct parallel pair for the analogy. Verification / Alternative check: Think of common fixed expressions: "question and answer" forms the basis of oral and written communication, such as question answer sessions and question answer sections in exams. None of the other options form such a strong and direct collocation with Question. This confirms that Answer is the most appropriate counterpart. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A "Options" describes choices given with some questions, such as multiple choice questions, but not all questions require options, while all questions are expected to have answers. Option C "Right" is an adjective indicating correctness and does not directly pair as "question and right." Option D "Ask" is the verb that describes what you do with a question, not the concept that completes it. Common Pitfalls: Sometimes students overthink and choose Options because they are familiar with the phrase "questions with options" in multiple choice exams. However, the more fundamental and universal relationship is between Question and Answer. Sticking to the most basic conceptual pair usually leads to the correct answer in such analogy questions. Final Answer: The correct related word is Answer.

Question 5

Select the related group of letters from the given alternatives: CAE : XZV :: JHL : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question uses a mirror or complementary coding of letters in the alphabet. The pair CAE : XZV is constructed so that each letter in CAE is replaced with its complementary letter measured from opposite ends of the alphabet. You must apply the same principle to JHL and find the correct option. This type of analogy is common in high level letter coding problems. Given Data / Assumptions: - Alphabet positions are A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26. - XZV corresponds to CAE through a consistent rule applied to every letter. - The same rule must be applied to JHL to get the answer group. - Only one of QSO, IGK, PRU, or GEI uses that exact correspondence. Concept / Approach: In mirror or complementary coding, each letter is replaced by the one that stands at the same distance from the other end of the alphabet. Concretely, for a letter with position n, the complementary letter has position 27 - n. For example, A (1) pairs with Z (26) because 1 + 26 = 27. Using this idea, we can verify whether CAE to XZV follows the same pattern and then apply it to JHL. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Convert CAE to positions. C = 3, A = 1, E = 5. Step 2: Convert XZV to positions. X = 24, Z = 26, V = 22. Step 3: Apply the complementary rule. For C (3), 27 - 3 = 24, which is X. For A (1), 27 - 1 = 26, which is Z. For E (5), 27 - 5 = 22, which is V. This confirms that each letter is replaced with its 27 - n counterpart. Step 4: Convert JHL to positions. J = 10, H = 8, L = 12. Step 5: Apply the same complementary rule. For J (10), 27 - 10 = 17, which is Q. For H (8), 27 - 8 = 19, which is S. For L (12), 27 - 12 = 15, which is O. Step 6: This yields the group QSO, which matches option A. Verification / Alternative check: To verify, we can reverse the process by applying the complementary rule again to QSO. Q (17) maps back to J (10) because 27 - 17 = 10. S (19) maps to H (8) because 27 - 19 = 8. O (15) maps to L (12) because 27 - 15 = 12. So the mapping is perfectly symmetric, confirming that QSO is indeed the mirror code of JHL under the same rule used for CAE and XZV. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option B "IGK" does not match the positions obtained using the 27 - n rule and would require a different transformation pattern. Option C "PRU" and option D "GEI" also fail to correspond to the complementary positions of J, H, and L. None of them produce symmetric mappings back to JHL via the same formula. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes confuse simple shifts such as +3 with complementation around the middle of the alphabet. Another common mistake is to check only one or two letters and ignore the rest. For mirror coding, all letters must be replaced using the 27 - n rule, and reversing the process should bring you back to the original word. This double check is very helpful in exam situations. Final Answer: The correct related group of letters is QSO.

Question 6

In this numerical analogy question, select the related number from the given alternatives to complete the proportion 2.25 : 13/4 :: 3.75 : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question is a numerical analogy problem from quantitative aptitude. You are given one pair of related numbers, 2.25 and 13/4, and then asked to find the missing term that will complete the proportion 2.25 : 13/4 :: 3.75 : ?. Such questions test whether you can recognise a simple arithmetic or fractional relationship and then apply the same pattern consistently to a new pair of numbers, rather than guessing randomly from the options. Given Data / Assumptions: We are given the pair 2.25 and 13/4. We are given the starting number 3.75 in the second pair, and must find its related term. The relationship between the first pair is assumed to be the same as the relationship between the second pair. The answer choices are 17/4, 19/4, 15/4, 11/4, and 21/4, of which exactly one must satisfy the same pattern. Concept / Approach: For number analogies with decimals and fractions, a good strategy is to convert all decimals into fractions with the same denominator so that the pattern becomes visible. Once we see how 2.25 is connected to 13/4, we can apply the same rule to 3.75. In many exam questions the pattern is a simple addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division rather than something overly complicated. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Convert 2.25 into a fraction. We know that 2.25 = 225/100 = 9/4.Step 2: Compare 9/4 with 13/4. The denominators are the same, so look at the numerators: 13 - 9 = 4.Step 3: Therefore, 13/4 = 9/4 + 4/4, meaning we have added 1 to 2.25 in its fractional form, because 4/4 = 1.Step 4: Now convert 3.75 into a fraction. We have 3.75 = 375/100 = 15/4.Step 5: Apply the same operation, adding 1. So 15/4 + 1 = 15/4 + 4/4 = 19/4.Step 6: Check the options. The fraction 19/4 is listed, so it is the only value that follows the same pattern as in the first pair. Verification / Alternative check: Another way to think about it is in terms of decimals. We already saw that 2.25 corresponds to 3.25, which is 13/4. This is simply 2.25 + 1. Similarly, 3.75 plus 1 equals 4.75. If we convert 4.75 into a fraction, we get 4.75 = 475/100 = 19/4, which perfectly matches the value we identified earlier. Both fractional and decimal approaches confirm the same answer. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option 17/4 would correspond to 4.25 in decimal form, which is 0.5 more than 3.75, not 1 more, so it does not match the original pattern of adding 1. Option 15/4 is just 3.75 itself, meaning no change at all, whereas the first pair clearly involved an increase of 1. Option 11/4 corresponds to 2.75 and would require subtracting 1 from 3.75 rather than adding 1, which reverses the relationship. Option 21/4 equals 5.25, which would mean adding 1.5, again inconsistent with the original pair where we added exactly 1. Common Pitfalls: Candidates sometimes compare raw decimals without converting them to fractions, which can hide simple relationships like equal denominators or equal increments. Another frequent mistake is to look for multiplication or division patterns first and overlook straightforward addition or subtraction. Finally, it is important not to guess based merely on approximate decimal sizes but instead to verify the exact arithmetic relationship between the two pairs. Final Answer: Therefore, the number that correctly completes the analogy 2.25 : 13/4 :: 3.75 : ? is 19/4.

Question 7

In this verbal analogy question, select the related word from the given alternatives to complete the pair: Screw : Screw driver :: Nail : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a verbal analogy question from the analogy section of aptitude tests. The task is to understand the relationship between the words Screw and Screw driver and then apply the same logical relationship to the second pair, Nail and ?. These questions test your ability to recognise functional relationships, such as tool and object, cause and effect, part and whole, or material and product, which is a common requirement for many competitive exams and job aptitude tests. Given Data / Assumptions: The first pair is Screw and Screw driver. The second pair is Nail and an unknown word to be selected from the options. The options given are Nail driver, Polish, Steel, Hammer, and Pliers. We assume that the same logical relationship that connects Screw and Screw driver must also connect Nail and the correct answer. Concept / Approach: In a tool and object relationship, one item is a tool that is commonly used to work with or on the other item. A screw driver is a hand tool specifically used to insert and remove screws. So we need to find a corresponding tool that is specifically and typically used with a nail. Among the options, hammer is the classic tool used to drive a nail into a surface. Recognising such common real world associations is the key to solving this type of analogy question correctly. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify the relationship in the first pair. A Screw driver is a tool used to drive or remove a Screw.Step 2: Express this relationship in words: Tool used with a specific fastener.Step 3: Apply the same pattern to the second pair. We need a tool that is used with a Nail in everyday usage.Step 4: Among the options, Hammer is the standard tool used to drive a Nail into wood, walls, or other surfaces.Step 5: Therefore, the correct completion of the analogy is Nail : Hammer. Verification / Alternative check: We can quickly verify by rewriting the analogy in sentence form. A Screw is driven by a Screw driver. Similarly, a Nail is driven by a Hammer. This sentence pattern remains consistent and meaningful. None of the other options fits as a natural tool for driving a nail in the way a hammer does, so this cross check confirms that Hammer is the correct answer. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option Nail driver is not a standard or commonly used tool name in basic vocabulary, so it does not reflect the familiar tool fastener relationship tested in simple analogies. Option Polish is something you apply to surfaces like shoes or nails on fingers, but it is not a tool used to drive a construction nail into a surface. Option Steel is the material from which many tools and fasteners are made, but it is not specifically a tool used with a nail. Option Pliers are a hand tool for gripping, bending, or cutting, and although they can occasionally hold a nail, they are not the standard tool used for driving nails, unlike a hammer. Common Pitfalls: A common mistake is to focus only on vague associations instead of precise functional relationships. Test takers may be tempted by material based links such as Steel or by less specific tools like Pliers. However, analogy questions often rely on the most direct and conventional relationship, so you should always ask which option is most typically paired with the given word in real life. Being precise about the functional role of each word helps avoid such errors. Final Answer: Thus, to complete the analogy Screw : Screw driver :: Nail : ?, the correct related word is Hammer.

Question 8

In this letter analogy question, select the related group of letters from the given alternatives to complete the pattern: ACE : YAC :: BDF : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a letter analogy question in which you must identify the relationship between two groups of letters and then apply the same pattern to a new group. The given pair is ACE and YAC, and you are asked to determine which group of letters should correspond to BDF. Such problems test your understanding of alphabet positions, forward and backward shifts, and simple coding patterns frequently used in reasoning sections of competitive exams. Given Data / Assumptions: The first group of letters is ACE. The second group of letters paired with it is YAC. The new starting group is BDF, and we must find the matching group from the options. The options are PRS, XYA, ZBD, FDB, and WCE, of which only one should follow the same pattern as from ACE to YAC. Concept / Approach: In letter analogies, we normally convert each letter to its alphabet position and then look for a consistent shift. The English alphabet positions are A = 1, B = 2, C = 3, and so on up to Z = 26. Once we find a fixed rule, such as moving a certain number of steps forward or backward (with wrap around from A to Z), we apply that rule to the new group BDF to obtain the answer. Here, the pattern from ACE to YAC can be captured by shifting each letter two places backward in the alphabet while wrapping around where needed. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Write down the positions of ACE: A = 1, C = 3, E = 5.Step 2: Write down the positions of YAC: Y = 25, A = 1, C = 3.Step 3: Compare A (1) to Y (25). Moving two steps backward from A gives Z (26) and then Y (25), so this is a shift of minus 2 with wrap around.Step 4: Compare C (3) to A (1). Again, 3 minus 2 equals 1, so this is a shift of minus 2.Step 5: Compare E (5) to C (3). Similarly, 5 minus 2 equals 3, another shift of minus 2.Step 6: Therefore the pattern from ACE to YAC is: each letter is moved two positions backward in the alphabet.Step 7: Apply the same rule to BDF. Positions are B = 2, D = 4, F = 6. Subtract 2 from each: 2 minus 2 = 0 which wraps to 26 or Z, 4 minus 2 = 2 or B, and 6 minus 2 = 4 or D. Thus we get ZBD. Verification / Alternative check: We can verify quickly by performing the transformation mentally. Take BDF, move each letter two steps back: B back to A and then to Z, giving Z, D back to C and then to B, and F back to E and then to D. The resulting group is ZBD, which exactly matches one of the options. No other option corresponds to a uniform shift of minus 2 across all three positions, so ZBD is uniquely correct. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option PRS does not match the required backward shift pattern from BDF and involves completely different letters without a consistent step change from B, D, and F. Option XYA is not obtained by shifting each letter of BDF by the same amount in one direction, and its internal pattern does not mirror that of YAC either. Option FDB simply rearranges letters already present in BDF, so it shows no consistent positional shift like minus 2 and therefore breaks the analogy structure. Option WCE also does not result from a uniform backward shift of B, D, and F and therefore fails to preserve the relationship we observed in the original pair ACE and YAC. Common Pitfalls: Many test takers try to memorise letter patterns without using alphabet positions, which makes it hard to detect wrap around shifts like A moving backward to Y. Another common error is to apply different shifts to different letters instead of finding a single consistent rule. Always start by mapping letters to numbers and checking if the same addition or subtraction works for all positions. This disciplined approach prevents confusion and reduces guesswork. Final Answer: To maintain the same letter shift pattern as ACE : YAC, the group that should correspond to BDF is ZBD.

Question 9

In this numerical analogy question, select the related number from the given alternatives to complete the proportion: 10 : 1000 :: 2 : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This problem is a basic numerical analogy that checks whether you can identify an exponent based relationship between two numbers. You are given the pair 10 and 1000 and asked to determine which number should be related to 2 in the same way. Such questions are common in aptitude tests to quickly test your understanding of powers, especially cubes and squares, without involving lengthy calculations. Given Data / Assumptions: The first pair of numbers is 10 and 1000. The second pair starts with the number 2, and we must find the related number. The options provided are 4, 0.5, 20, 8, and 16. We assume the same numerical rule that connects 10 to 1000 must also connect 2 to the correct answer. Concept / Approach: The most natural way to connect 10 to 1000 is to observe that 1000 is 10 raised to the power 3, that is, 10^3. This suggests a cube relation. In analogies, once we recognise that one term is the cube of the other, we simply apply the same exponent pattern to the second base number. Therefore, if 10 is mapped to 10^3, we expect 2 to be mapped to 2^3, which is 8. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Express 1000 in terms of 10. We know 1000 = 10 * 10 * 10 = 10^3.Step 2: Interpret the analogy: 10 is mapped to its cube, 10^3.Step 3: Apply the same pattern to 2. The cube of 2 is 2 * 2 * 2 = 8, which is 2^3.Step 4: Check the options and confirm that 8 is listed among them.Step 5: Conclude that 8 is the only number that preserves the cube relationship between the elements of the pairs. Verification / Alternative check: We can also test whether any of the other options could form a similar exponent relationship. For example, 4 is 2^2, 0.5 is 2^-1, 20 is 10 times 2, and 16 is 2^4. None of these mirrors the pattern of mapping a number to its cube. Therefore, 8 is uniquely suitable, because it is exactly 2^3, just as 1000 is 10^3. This confirms that the underlying rule is consistent and correctly applied. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option 4 equals 2^2, a square rather than a cube, so it does not parallel the mapping of 10 to 10^3. Option 0.5 equals 2^-1, which involves reciprocals and is completely different from the positive cube relationship used in the first pair. Option 20 equals 10 * 2, so it suggests multiplication by a constant factor rather than exponentiation to the third power. Option 16 equals 2^4, so even though it is a power of 2, it corresponds to the fourth power rather than the cube, which breaks the exact analogy with 10 mapped to 10^3. Common Pitfalls: Candidates often jump to simple operations like multiplying by 10 or adding a constant, overlooking the more appropriate exponent pattern. Another typical error is to accept any power of the second number that appears in the options, even if the exponent does not match the first pair. To avoid these traps, always write the first pair explicitly using powers or factors and then replicate the exact same operation for the second pair. Final Answer: Thus, following the same cube relationship as 10 : 1000, the correct completion of the analogy 10 : 1000 :: 2 : ? is 8.

Question 10

In this simple verbal analogy question, select the related word from the given alternatives to complete the pair: Cow : Milk :: Bees : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a straightforward verbal analogy that tests your knowledge of everyday associations between living creatures and the substances they produce. The pair Cow and Milk is given, and you must find the word related to Bees in the same way. Such questions appear in basic reasoning and general intelligence sections to quickly check your understanding of common real world relationships without needing any technical background. Given Data / Assumptions: The first pair is Cow and Milk. The second pair is Bees and an unknown word to be chosen from the options. The options are Silk, Honey, Flower, Water, and Wax. We assume that the relationship between Cow and Milk is that of an animal and the substance it naturally produces for human use. Concept / Approach: A Cow is a domesticated animal that produces Milk, which humans consume as a common food item. In the same way, Bees are insects that produce a sweet substance widely used by humans. From basic general knowledge, we know that Bees produce Honey. Therefore, we are looking for an animal to product relationship, specifically an animal that creates a consumable substance. Matching this pattern leads directly to Honey as the correct completion of the analogy. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: State the relationship in the first pair: A Cow produces Milk.Step 2: Express this relationship as animal to natural product used by humans.Step 3: Apply the same relationship to Bees. We need the natural product that Bees produce.Step 4: From everyday knowledge, Bees collect nectar and convert it into Honey inside hives.Step 5: Therefore, the matching pair is Bees : Honey, and Honey must be selected from the options. Verification / Alternative check: We can verify the logic by rephrasing the analogy in sentence form. A Cow gives Milk. Similarly, Bees give Honey. This sentence pattern is natural, commonly used, and widely understood. No other option forms such a familiar and direct statement with Bees. As a result, Honey clearly stands out as the only word that fits the intended relationship. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option Silk is primarily produced by silkworms, not by Bees, so it does not match the animal product relationship seen in Cow and Milk. Option Flower is something that Bees visit for nectar, but it is not something that Bees themselves produce as a product for humans. Option Water is a natural resource that animals drink, not a specific substance produced by Bees. Option Wax can be associated with Bees in the form of beeswax, but in everyday simple analogies at this level, the primary and most common product linked with Bees is Honey, not Wax, so Wax does not fit as neatly as Honey. Common Pitfalls: Some candidates may overthink and try to force a more technical association, such as focusing on beeswax rather than the more obvious Honey. In simple analogy questions, exam setters usually expect the most common and popular connection. Another mistake is to misread the relationship and think in terms of habitat or food instead of product. Always identify whether the pair indicates producer product, part whole, tool object, or some other clear link before choosing the answer. Final Answer: Therefore, in the analogy Cow : Milk :: Bees : ?, the word that correctly completes the pair is Honey.

Question 11

In this letter analogy question, select the related group of letters from the given alternatives to complete the pattern: ACF : GIL :: OQT : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question is a letter analogy problem where you must determine how one group of letters is transformed into another and then apply the same transformation to a new group. The given relation is ACF : GIL, and you must decide which option should pair with OQT. These kinds of questions are common in reasoning tests and evaluate your comfort with alphabet positions and consistent shifts across multiple letters. Given Data / Assumptions: The first letter group is ACF. The second letter group paired with it is GIL. The new group given is OQT, and we must find its corresponding group from the options. The options are VXY, UWZ, RSV, VXZ, and TVX. We assume that the same pattern used to convert ACF into GIL must be applied to OQT to obtain the correct answer. Concept / Approach: For letter analogies, a systematic way to detect the pattern is to convert each letter into its position in the alphabet and then look for a consistent shift, either forward or backward. A simple constant shift, such as adding or subtracting the same number, is very common in exam questions because it is easy to check yet still tests attention to detail. Here, we will compare the positions of the letters in ACF and GIL to find the rule, then apply that rule to OQT. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Note the alphabet positions of ACF. A = 1, C = 3, F = 6.Step 2: Note the positions of GIL. G = 7, I = 9, L = 12.Step 3: Compute the shift from A to G: 1 to 7 is a change of plus 6.Step 4: Compute the shift from C to I: 3 to 9 is also plus 6.Step 5: Compute the shift from F to L: 6 to 12 is again plus 6.Step 6: Thus, the transformation from ACF to GIL is obtained by adding 6 to the position of each letter.Step 7: Apply the same rule to OQT. Positions are O = 15, Q = 17, T = 20. Adding 6 to each gives 21, 23, and 26, which correspond to U, W, and Z respectively, so we get UWZ. Verification / Alternative check: We can quickly check by directly moving forward six letters in the alphabet from O, Q, and T. O forward by 6 gives P, Q, R, S, T, U, arriving at U. Q forward by 6 gives R, S, T, U, V, W, arriving at W. T forward by 6 gives U, V, W, X, Y, Z, arriving at Z. The resulting group UWZ matches option UWZ exactly. None of the other options follows a consistent shift of plus 6 from OQT, so UWZ is uniquely correct. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option VXY does not correspond to a uniform shift of plus 6 from OQT, because O to V is plus 7 and T to Y is plus 5, so the pattern breaks. Option RSV has letters much closer to OQT and does not result from adding a constant value to all three letters. Option VXZ again gives inconsistent shifts and does not preserve the same movement used in the original pair ACF and GIL. Option TVX even repeats T from the original group and fails to represent a constant forward shift, clearly violating the logic of the analogy. Common Pitfalls: Candidates sometimes compare letter shapes visually or guess based on familiarity without checking the numeric positions. Some also look only at the first letter of each group instead of verifying the pattern across all letters. In letter analogy questions, the key is to ensure that the same arithmetic operation applies to each letter in the group. Converting letters to numbers and systematically checking the difference is the most reliable method to avoid mistakes. Final Answer: Therefore, following the same plus six letter shift as in ACF : GIL, the correct completion of the analogy OQT : ? is UWZ.

Question 12

In this numerical analogy question, select the related number from the given alternatives to complete the proportion: 64 : 8 :: 0.01 : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This numerical analogy question asks you to observe how 64 is related to 8 and then apply the same mathematical relationship to 0.01. Such questions appear frequently in aptitude tests to check your familiarity with basic operations like taking square roots or powers, and your ability to apply them consistently to new numbers without getting confused by decimals. Given Data / Assumptions: The first pair of numbers is 64 and 8. The second pair starts with 0.01, and we must find the related number. The options provided are 0.1, 1, 10, 0.08, and 0.5. We assume that the relationship between 64 and 8 is the same as the relationship between 0.01 and the correct answer. Concept / Approach: First, look for a simple and strong relationship between 64 and 8. A natural observation is that 8 is the square root of 64, since 8 * 8 = 64. This suggests that the mapping might be taking the square root of the first number to get the second number. If this is the rule, we just need to find the square root of 0.01 and then match it with one of the options. Square roots of decimals can be handled by remembering that 0.1 * 0.1 = 0.01. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Express the relationship in the first pair. The square root of 64 is 8, because 8 * 8 = 64.Step 2: So we can write the mapping as 64 is mapped to sqrt(64) which equals 8.Step 3: Apply the same operation to the second pair. We must compute sqrt(0.01).Step 4: Recall that 0.1 * 0.1 = 0.01, so sqrt(0.01) = 0.1.Step 5: Check the options and see that 0.1 is explicitly listed, so it is the only number that matches the discovered pattern. Verification / Alternative check: We can check this relationship in another way by writing the numbers in power form. 64 can be written as 8^2, so taking the square root reverses the squaring and returns us to 8. Similarly, 0.01 can be expressed as 0.1^2, so taking the square root of 0.01 should give 0.1. If we tested any other option, squaring it would not produce 0.01, confirming that 0.1 is the only value that fits the square root mapping. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option 1 squared gives 1, not 0.01, so it cannot be the square root of 0.01. Option 10 squared gives 100, which is far from 0.01 and clearly incorrect. Option 0.08 squared gives 0.0064, which again does not equal 0.01, so it does not satisfy the same relationship. Option 0.5 squared gives 0.25, which is also not equal to 0.01, so it cannot mirror the mapping from 64 to 8. Common Pitfalls: One common mistake is to treat the relationship as simple division, for example thinking 64 divided by 8 equals 8, and then trying to divide 0.01 by some factor. However, this does not give a neat or consistent result with the given options. Another pitfall is to misremember square roots of decimals and choose 0.01 as the square of 0.01 itself, which is incorrect. Writing the numbers in exponent form or squaring the candidate answers is a reliable way to avoid such errors. Final Answer: Thus, using the same square root relationship as in 64 : 8, the correct completion of the analogy 64 : 8 :: 0.01 : ? is 0.1.

Question 13

In this verbal analogy question, select the related word from the given alternatives to complete the pair: Cotton : White :: Coal : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This verbal analogy question tests your ability to recognise an association based on a typical colour. The given pair is Cotton and White, and you must find which word stands to Coal in the same way. Such problems check simple real world knowledge and your skill in seeing the most natural and commonly accepted link between objects and their attributes, particularly in general intelligence sections of exams. Given Data / Assumptions: The first pair is Cotton and White. The second pair is Coal and an unknown word from the options. The options given are Fire, Mine, Wood, Black, and Heat. We assume that Cotton is associated with the colour White in a typical or default sense, and we must find the colour commonly associated with Coal. Concept / Approach: In the first pair, Cotton : White, the relationship is object to its typical colour. Cotton, especially in its pure and clean form, is often visualised as white. To maintain the analogy, we must find the word that describes the most common and characteristic colour of Coal. In everyday language, Coal is commonly described as black. Therefore, the analogy compares the usual colours of these substances, and the correct choice must be the colour Black for Coal. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Interpret the relationship in the first pair as object to typical colour: Cotton is usually White.Step 2: Apply the same type of relationship to Coal. We must think of the usual or characteristic colour of Coal.Step 3: Coal, especially in its natural and widely recognised form, appears Black.Step 4: Check the options and confirm that Black is listed as one of the choices.Step 5: Conclude that Black is the only option that creates the same type of object to colour relationship as in the first pair. Verification / Alternative check: We can rewrite the analogy as short statements to verify it. Cotton is white in colour. Coal is black in colour. These statements are familiar and widely used in school level science and general knowledge. None of the other options attached to Coal yields such a simple and accurate colour description. Therefore, Black is the word that best preserves the original relationship. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option Fire relates to Coal as something that Coal can produce when burned, but the original pair is not about usage or effects, it is about colour. Option Mine is the place from which Coal is extracted, which changes the relationship type to object and place rather than object and colour. Option Wood is another fuel material but is not a colour, so it cannot parallel the colour based link between Cotton and White. Option Heat is an effect produced by burning Coal but again is not a colour and therefore does not match the pattern seen in the first pair. Common Pitfalls: A frequent mistake is to jump to associations like where something is found or what it produces, instead of checking what type of relationship the first pair actually represents. In simple analogy questions, it is important to identify whether the link is about colour, function, place, cause, or some other attribute. Once you see that Cotton : White is clearly about colour, the only reasonable completion for Coal is its characteristic colour, which is Black. Final Answer: Hence, in the analogy Cotton : White :: Coal : ?, the correct related word is Black.

Question 14

In this letter analogy question, select the related group of letters from the given alternatives to complete the pattern: WVT : SRP :: MLJ : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This reasoning question is a letter analogy where you must discover how one group of letters is transformed into another and then apply the same rule to a new group. The relation WVT : SRP is given, and you are asked which option correctly corresponds to MLJ. These questions test your ability to work with alphabet positions and consistent forward or backward shifts across multiple letters. Given Data / Assumptions: The first given pair is WVT and SRP. The second starting group is MLJ. The options to complete the second pair are KHG, IHG, IHF, HEF, and NMO. We assume that there is a consistent alphabetic shift that converts WVT into SRP, and that the same shift must be applied to MLJ. Concept / Approach: To solve letter analogy problems, we convert each letter into its numeric alphabet position and then look for a simple arithmetic relationship, such as adding or subtracting the same number. We must verify that this relationship is consistent for all letters in the pair. Once the rule is clear, we apply it to each letter of the new group MLJ and then match the resulting letters with one of the options provided. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Write the alphabet positions for WVT: W = 23, V = 22, T = 20.Step 2: Write the positions for SRP: S = 19, R = 18, P = 16.Step 3: Find the shift for each corresponding pair: 23 to 19 is minus 4, 22 to 18 is minus 4, and 20 to 16 is also minus 4.Step 4: Thus the transformation from WVT to SRP is obtained by subtracting 4 from each letter’s alphabet position.Step 5: Now apply the same rule to MLJ. Positions are M = 13, L = 12, J = 10.Step 6: Subtract 4 from each: 13 minus 4 = 9 (I), 12 minus 4 = 8 (H), and 10 minus 4 = 6 (F). The resulting group is IHF.Step 7: Check the options and see that IHF is present, so it must be the correct answer. Verification / Alternative check: We can also verify the solution directly by counting backward in the alphabet. From M, four steps back give L, K, J, I. From L, four steps back give K, J, I, H. From J, four steps back give I, H, G, F. This backward counting confirms that MLJ shifts to IHF with a uniform minus 4 movement. Since this exactly mirrors the minus 4 shift observed in WVT to SRP, the rule is consistent and correctly applied. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option KHG reflects a smaller backward shift that does not match the minus 4 movement applied consistently in the first pair. Option IHG mixes letters, with the first two letters matching our derived I and H but the last letter being G instead of F, so the shift is not uniformly minus 4 across all three letters. Option HEF shows a shift that is too large for the first letter M and inconsistent for the others, so it does not follow a single subtract four rule. Option NMO moves forward from M instead of backward and therefore ignores the basic structure of the analogy altogether. Common Pitfalls: In multi letter analogies, some test takers match only part of the pattern, for example focusing on the first two letters and ignoring the third. This leads to options that partially resemble the correct transformation but are still wrong. Another mistake is not verifying that the same numeric shift applies systematically to all letters. To avoid such errors, always compute the exact difference in positions for every letter pair in the example and then check that the same difference works for all letters in the new group. Final Answer: Therefore, applying the same minus four shift as in WVT : SRP, the correct completion of the analogy MLJ : ? is IHF.

Question 15

In this numerical analogy question, select the related number from the given alternatives to complete the proportion: 12.5 : 6.25 :: 7 : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This numerical analogy checks whether you can detect a simple proportional relationship involving halving. The pair 12.5 and 6.25 is provided, and you must determine the corresponding number for 7 so that the analogy 12.5 : 6.25 :: 7 : ? holds true. Questions like this are common in quantitative aptitude tests and require a clear understanding of basic fraction and decimal relationships without complicated formulas. Given Data / Assumptions: The first pair of numbers is 12.5 and 6.25. The second pair starts with 7, and the unknown related number must be selected from the options. The options are 3.5, 3.25, 6.5, 12, and 14. We assume that the numerical operation connecting 12.5 to 6.25 must be applied to 7 to find the missing value. Concept / Approach: The simplest way to relate 12.5 and 6.25 is to note that 6.25 is exactly half of 12.5. In fraction terms, 6.25 / 12.5 = 1/2. This strongly suggests that the transformation from the first term to the second term in each pair is division by 2. Therefore, we should divide 7 by 2 to obtain the answer. Recognising such halving or doubling patterns is a key skill in analogy questions involving numbers. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Verify the relationship in the first pair. Compute 12.5 / 2 = 6.25.Step 2: Confirm that 6.25 is exactly half of 12.5, so the operation in the first pair is division by 2.Step 3: Apply the same operation to the second pair. Compute 7 / 2.Step 4: We know that 7 / 2 = 3.5.Step 5: Check the options and confirm that 3.5 is available.Step 6: Conclude that 3.5 is the only option that satisfies the same divide by 2 relationship as in the first pair. Verification / Alternative check: We can confirm the reasoning with a proportional expression. If 12.5 : 6.25 equals 7 : x, then the ratio 12.5 / 6.25 should equal 7 / x. Since 12.5 / 6.25 = 2, we have 2 = 7 / x, giving x = 7 / 2 = 3.5. This matches the earlier direct halving approach, so both methods support the same answer and reinforce the correctness of 3.5 as the missing term. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option 3.25 is half of 6.5, not half of 7, so it does not follow the same relationship as the first pair. Option 6.5 is almost equal to 7 and would correspond to dividing by a factor close to 1, which is inconsistent with the exact halving observed between 12.5 and 6.25. Option 12 implies multiplying 7 by a factor less than 2 instead of dividing by 2, which reverses the type of operation. Option 14 represents doubling 7, which again contradicts the divide by 2 relationship found in the first pair. Common Pitfalls: Some candidates may misread decimals and assume that 6.25 is a more complicated fraction of 12.5, leading them to overthink the problem. Others might be tempted by numbers that look familiar or neat, such as 14, without verifying whether the same operation is applied to both pairs. The reliable strategy is always to compute the exact numeric ratio between the first pair and then apply that ratio to the second pair. Here, that ratio is clearly 1/2, so the second term must also be half of the given number. Final Answer: Therefore, following the same halving relationship as in 12.5 : 6.25, the correct completion of the analogy 12.5 : 6.25 :: 7 : ? is 3.5.

Question 16

In this verbal analogy question, select the related word from the given alternatives to complete the pair: Father : Parent :: Sister : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question is a verbal analogy that tests your understanding of family relationship terminology. The pair Father and Parent is given, and you must choose the word that stands to Sister in the same way. Such questions appear frequently in reasoning and verbal ability sections to check whether you can move correctly from a specific family role to a broader category or vice versa. Given Data / Assumptions: The first pair is Father and Parent. The second pair is Sister and an unknown word from the options. The answer choices are Other, Brother, Daughter, Sibling, and Relative. We assume that Father is an example of the more general category Parent, so we must identify the general category to which Sister belongs. Concept / Approach: A Father is a specific type of Parent, just as a Mother is. So the relationship is specific family role to the general classification that includes that role. In the same way, Sister is a specific type of Sibling, as are Brother and sometimes step siblings. Therefore, to keep the same pattern, we must select the general term that includes Sister, which is Sibling. Recognising these hierarchical relationships between specific roles and broader family categories is the key to solving this analogy. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Interpret the first pair. Father is a specific male Parent.Step 2: Express the relationship: Father is a type of Parent.Step 3: Apply an analogous relationship to Sister. We need a general term of which Sister is one type.Step 4: Brother and Sister together fall under the broader category of Siblings.Step 5: Therefore, Sister is a type of Sibling, making Sibling the correct match.Step 6: Check the options and confirm that Sibling is present and fits the same specific to general pattern as Father to Parent. Verification / Alternative check: We can verify by rewriting the analogy as a general statement. A Father is a Parent. A Sister is a Sibling. Both sentences show the same kind of relationship, where the first term is a particular role and the second term is its broader category. No other option produces such a clean and precise mapping from Sister to a more general family term. This confirms that Sibling is the correct answer. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option Other is too vague and not a recognised family category that directly includes Sister. Option Brother is another specific family role, parallel to Sister, not the general category that contains Sister. Option Daughter is a different relational term based on parent child relationship, and while a Sister can also be a Daughter, this is not the same type of categorisation as Parent to Father. Option Relative is a very broad term that includes many relationships, but the original analogy uses a more precise category, Parent, rather than a very wide grouping like Relative, so Sibling is a better and more accurate match. Common Pitfalls: Test takers sometimes choose Brother because it appears close to Sister in everyday usage, but this confuses a parallel relationship with a hierarchical one. The analogy requires a specific to general mapping, not a pair of equals. Others may choose Relative because it seems to include Sister, but that is too broad when the original pair uses a more specific category. Always ask whether the second word is a direct category name for the first to maintain the structure of the analogy. Final Answer: Hence, in the analogy Father : Parent :: Sister : ?, the correctly related word is Sibling.

Question 17

In this letter analogy question, select the related group of letters from the given alternatives to complete the pattern: WTQ : DGJ :: NKH : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This letter analogy question involves identifying a slightly less obvious pattern between two groups of letters. You are given the pair WTQ and DGJ and asked which group of letters should correspond to NKH. Unlike simple plus or minus shifts, this pattern is based on a constant sum of alphabet positions, which makes the question slightly more challenging and therefore suitable for higher level reasoning practice. Given Data / Assumptions: The first pair is WTQ and DGJ. The second starting group is NKH. The options to complete the analogy are MPS, LOR, NQT, ORV, and GXO. We assume the same transformation that links WTQ to DGJ must be applied to NKH to produce the correct group. Concept / Approach: Instead of looking only for a fixed shift from the first group to the second group, it is useful in some analogies to consider the sum of letter positions. In this problem, each corresponding pair of letters from WTQ and DGJ adds up to the same total. This constant sum technique is a common pattern in more advanced letter analogies. Once we find that constant total, we must select the group of letters that produces the same total when each letter is paired with the corresponding letter in NKH. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Write the positions of letters in WTQ. W = 23, T = 20, Q = 17.Step 2: Write the positions of letters in DGJ. D = 4, G = 7, J = 10.Step 3: Compute the sums of each pair: W + D = 23 + 4 = 27, T + G = 20 + 7 = 27, Q + J = 17 + 10 = 27.Step 4: Observe that every pair of corresponding letters adds up to 27. This is the hidden rule.Step 5: Now write the positions for NKH. N = 14, K = 11, H = 8.Step 6: To maintain the same pattern, each letter in the answer group must satisfy letter position + N or K or H equals 27.Step 7: Compute required positions: For N, needed position is 27 - 14 = 13, which corresponds to M. For K, 27 - 11 = 16, which corresponds to P. For H, 27 - 8 = 19, which corresponds to S. Thus the required group is MPS. Verification / Alternative check: We can verify by directly checking the sums with the candidate MPS. Positions are M = 13, P = 16, and S = 19. Now add them to N, K, and H respectively. N (14) plus M (13) equals 27, K (11) plus P (16) equals 27, and H (8) plus S (19) equals 27. Since all three sums match the constant 27, the group MPS perfectly follows the same rule as WTQ and DGJ. None of the other options maintains this constant sum property for all three letter positions, so MPS is uniquely correct. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option LOR does not produce a sum of 27 for each position when combined with NKH, so it breaks the constant sum pattern. Option NQT paired with NKH often results in sums greater or less than 27, clearly violating the rule we discovered. Option ORV gives inconsistent totals across the three positions, so it cannot be based on the same constant sum of 27. Option GXO is included as a distractor and does not yield a uniform sum when its letters are added position wise to those of NKH. Common Pitfalls: Many candidates initially search only for a direct plus or minus shift from WTQ to DGJ and become stuck when the shifts differ between letters. This is a signal to try alternative patterns such as constant sums or mirror positions relative to the middle of the alphabet. A disciplined approach is to test whether the differences are consistent and, if not, to explore constant sums. Recognising this technique can help you tackle a wide range of letter analogy questions efficiently. Final Answer: Therefore, using the constant sum of alphabet positions equal to 27, the correct completion of the analogy WTQ : DGJ :: NKH : ? is MPS.

Question 18

In this numerical analogy question, select the related number from the given alternatives to complete the proportion: 60 : 15 :: 100 : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This numerical analogy problem tests a very common operation involving fractions and division. You are given the pair 60 and 15 and asked to find the number that should correspond to 100 in the same way. Such questions are standard in quantitative aptitude tests and check whether you can recognise simple fractional relationships and apply them consistently to new numbers. Given Data / Assumptions: The first pair is 60 and 15. The second pair starts with 100, and we must determine the missing number. The options available are 45, 35, 5, 25, and 50. We assume that whatever operation transforms 60 into 15 must be applied to 100 to obtain the correct answer. Concept / Approach: To relate 60 and 15, we can test simple arithmetic operations. Dividing 60 by 4 gives 15, because 60 / 4 = 15. Expressed as a fraction, 15 is one quarter of 60. This suggests that the transformation is division by 4. If that is correct, then 100 must also be divided by 4 to find the corresponding term. Recognising quarter, half, or other simple fractional relationships is essential for solving these analogies quickly. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Check the ratio between 60 and 15. Compute 60 / 15 = 4.Step 2: This means that 15 is equal to 60 divided by 4, or one quarter of 60.Step 3: Apply the same operation to the second number 100. Compute 100 / 4.Step 4: We know that 100 / 4 = 25.Step 5: Confirm that 25 is present among the options and recognise it as the only value that follows the same divide by 4 pattern. Verification / Alternative check: We can also examine the relationship using proportions. If 60 : 15 :: 100 : x, then 60 / 15 = 100 / x. Since 60 / 15 = 4, we have 4 = 100 / x, which implies x = 100 / 4 = 25. This matches the result obtained from direct division. Another way to see it is that 25 is one quarter of 100, just as 15 is one quarter of 60, so the analogy is consistent. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option 45 is 3 less than 48, which would be 60 multiplied by a certain factor, but it does not represent one quarter of 100. Option 35 is not a simple fraction such as one half or one quarter of 100, so it does not match the operation seen in the first pair. Option 5 is too small and would correspond to dividing 100 by 20, which is completely different from dividing 60 by 4. Option 50 is half of 100, which is not the same as being one quarter, so it does not align with the relation between 60 and 15. Common Pitfalls: Some candidates might hurriedly choose 50 because they notice that 15 is less than 60 and think in terms of halves instead of quarters. Others may try to match approximate differences (like subtracting a constant) without confirming the exact operation. The safest approach is to calculate the precise ratio or fraction between the first pair and then apply it directly to the second number, ensuring consistency with the provided options. Final Answer: Thus, following the same divide by four relationship as in 60 : 15, the correct completion of the analogy 60 : 15 :: 100 : ? is 25.

Question 19

In this verbal analogy question, select the related word from the given alternatives to complete the pair: Office : Colleagues :: Home : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This verbal analogy question deals with places and the people typically associated with them. The pair Office and Colleagues is given, and you must choose the word that stands to Home in the same way. Such questions are very common in basic reasoning sections because they rely on everyday life knowledge and your ability to recognise the most natural association between a place and the people who are usually present there. Given Data / Assumptions: The first pair is Office and Colleagues. The second pair is Home and an unknown word from the options. The options are Rest, Work, Friends, Family, and Neighbour. We assume that Office is a place and Colleagues are the people we usually work with at that place, so we must find the equivalent group of people usually associated with Home. Concept / Approach: Office is the workplace where we interact primarily with Colleagues. This is a location to people relationship. In the same way, Home is the place where we live with our close family members, such as parents, spouse, and children. Therefore, the most appropriate parallel to Colleagues, when the place is Home instead of Office, is Family. The analogy rests on the idea of typical occupants or social groups linked with those places. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify the relationship in the first pair: Office is the workplace, and Colleagues are the people you meet and work with there.Step 2: Express this as place and usual associated people.Step 3: Apply the same type of relationship to Home. It is the place where you live and spend time with a particular group of people.Step 4: The primary group associated with Home is your Family, including close relatives living with you.Step 5: Therefore, the correct completion of the analogy is Home : Family. Verification / Alternative check: We can convert the analogy into simple sentences. At the Office, you are usually with your Colleagues. At Home, you are usually with your Family. Both sentences show a consistent pattern: a place being linked to a typical group of people. No other option produces such a straightforward and universal association with Home, which confirms that Family is the best fit. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option Rest describes an activity or state, not a group of people, so it does not match the people based relationship of Office and Colleagues. Option Work is something you do, often at the Office, but again it is not a group of people. Option Friends represents people you meet socially, but the central, default group associated with Home is Family rather than Friends. Option Neighbour refers to people living near your Home, not the core group with whom you share the home itself, so it is less direct and less accurate than Family. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes treat Home as a place of relaxation and pick Rest or Friends because they think of leisure time. However, the original pair Office and Colleagues is about people, not activities or moods. It is important to identify whether the second term in the first pair is a person, a group, an object, or an action before selecting the matching term for the second pair. Focusing on people in this question leads you directly to Family as the correct answer. Final Answer: Therefore, in the analogy Office : Colleagues :: Home : ?, the correctly related word is Family.

Question 20

In this letter analogy question, select the related group of letters from the given alternatives to complete the pattern: XVT : RPN :: LJH : ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This letter analogy question requires you to discover a consistent backward shift in alphabet positions. The given pair XVT and RPN illustrates a pattern, and you must apply the same pattern to the letters LJH to choose the correct answer from the options. Such questions are standard in verbal and non verbal reasoning and test your comfort with systematic letter shifting. Given Data / Assumptions: The first pair is XVT and RPN. The second starting group is LJH. The options are FDB, ECA, KIG, QOM, and NJL. We assume that the relationship between XVT and RPN is derived from a constant backward movement in the alphabet, and that the same shift must be applied to LJH. Concept / Approach: In letter analogies, we typically convert each letter to its alphabet position and try to find either a fixed addition or subtraction. Here, the letters in RPN appear earlier in the alphabet than the corresponding letters in XVT, suggesting a negative shift. Once we determine the exact amount by which each letter moves backward, we apply that amount to each letter in LJH and see which option matches the resulting group. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Write the positions for XVT. X = 24, V = 22, T = 20.Step 2: Write the positions for RPN. R = 18, P = 16, N = 14.Step 3: Compute the shifts: 24 to 18 is minus 6, 22 to 16 is minus 6, and 20 to 14 is minus 6.Step 4: Thus, the transformation from XVT to RPN is subtracting 6 from each letter position.Step 5: Now write positions for LJH. L = 12, J = 10, H = 8.Step 6: Subtract 6 from each: 12 minus 6 = 6 (F), 10 minus 6 = 4 (D), and 8 minus 6 = 2 (B).Step 7: The resulting group is FDB, which matches one of the options exactly. Verification / Alternative check: We can verify by counting backward in the alphabet. From L, moving back six steps gives K, J, I, H, G, F. From J, moving back six steps gives I, H, G, F, E, D. From H, moving back six steps gives G, F, E, D, C, B. This direct counting confirms the transformation LJH to FDB with a uniform minus 6 shift. As this mirrors the minus 6 shift from XVT to RPN, the rule is consistent and the answer is reliable. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option ECA would result from a minus 7 shift for some letters and a different shift for others, so it fails to maintain the consistent minus 6 pattern. Option KIG is very close to the original LJH and corresponds to a small backward shift, not the full minus 6 seen in the example pair. Option QOM belongs to a different region of the alphabet and does not arise from subtracting 6 from each of L, J, and H. Option NJL seems to use a mixture of forward and backward shifts and therefore does not implement a simple consistent subtraction rule. Common Pitfalls: Candidates sometimes look only at the first letter and find an approximate shift, then choose an option without verifying the remaining letters. This is risky because exam setters intentionally include distractor options that partly match the pattern. A disciplined approach is to calculate the exact numeric shift for each letter of the first pair and then apply that shift to every letter of the new group. This ensures that your answer satisfies the rule fully rather than partially. Final Answer: Hence, using the same minus six shift seen in XVT : RPN, the correct completion of the analogy LJH : ? is FDB.

Analogy Questions