Question 1

In the following question, select the related number pair from the given alternatives: 11 is to 16 as which of the following pairs?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question presents a simple number pair analogy. The pair 11 : 16 is given, and you must select from the options the pair that is related in the same way. In many such questions, the relationship between the numbers in the pair is a fixed difference, and the correct answer is another pair that shares that same difference. Given Data / Assumptions: The base pair is 11 on the left and 16 on the right. The candidate pairs are 14 : 16, 15 : 22, 7 : 14, and 13 : 18. We assume that the relationship is likely to be a simple arithmetic one such as adding a constant to the first number. The task is to find which pair exhibits the same numerical difference as 11 and 16. Concept / Approach: We start by computing the difference between the numbers in the base pair. 16 minus 11 equals 5. This suggests a rule of adding 5 to obtain the second number from the first. We then check each candidate pair and see which one also satisfies a difference of 5 between its elements. The pair that matches this difference is the correct answer, as it preserves the structure of the original relationship. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Compute the difference in the base pair. 16 - 11 = 5, so the second number is 5 greater than the first. Step 2: Examine option a, 14 : 16. The difference here is 16 - 14 = 2, which does not equal 5. Step 3: Examine option b, 15 : 22. The difference is 22 - 15 = 7, not 5. Step 4: Examine option c, 7 : 14. The difference is 14 - 7 = 7, again not 5. Step 5: Examine option d, 13 : 18. The difference is 18 - 13 = 5. Step 6: Conclude that in the pair 13 : 18, the same rule second = first + 5 is satisfied. Verification / Alternative check: Because the question does not offer additional context, the simplest explanation is usually preferred. The pattern of adding 5 is straightforward and consistent: 11 + 5 = 16 and 13 + 5 = 18. If we tried more complex operations, such as multiplication or squaring, we would not find a natural rule that matches both the original pair and any option. Hence, the constant difference pattern is the most reasonable and confirms that 13 : 18 is correct. Why Other Options Are Wrong: The pair 14 : 16 shows a difference of 2, not 5. The pairs 15 : 22 and 7 : 14 each show a difference of 7, which again does not match the original difference. Using any of these would introduce inconsistency in the analogy, because the basic rule linking the numbers in each pair would be different from that of 11 : 16. Common Pitfalls: Candidates sometimes search for hidden patterns like prime relationships or digit manipulations when a simple constant difference is sufficient. Another common mistake is not performing the subtraction carefully, which can lead to misidentifying the matching pair. A quick scan of differences, done accurately, is usually enough to solve such problems efficiently. Final Answer: Since 16 is 5 more than 11, the pair that mirrors this relationship is 13 : 18, where 18 is also 5 more than 13.

Question 2

In the following question, select the related letter pair from the given alternatives: AUR is to CXV as which pair is to IHQ?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy involves two three letter groups forming a pair: AUR is related to CXV, and you must choose which given pair shows the same alphabetic transformation. Such problems examine whether you can detect consistent shifts between corresponding letters and then recognise the same pattern in another pair from the options. Given Data / Assumptions: The model pair is AUR on the left and CXV on the right. The answer options are four different pairs of three letter groups. We need to determine the shift from AUR to CXV and then find which option uses the same pattern between its first and second group. Alphabet positions are A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26. We assume the transformation is applied position wise, that is, first letter to first letter, second to second, and third to third. Concept / Approach: We begin by converting the letters to their numeric positions and then calculating how much each letter in AUR shifts to become the corresponding letter in CXV. If we see a consistent or patterned sequence of shifts such as +2, +3, +4, we then test each option to see which pair uses the same shifts from its first group to its second. Only the pair matching this exact pattern for all three letters is correct. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Write the positions of the letters in AUR. A is 1, U is 21, and R is 18. Step 2: Write the positions of the letters in CXV. C is 3, X is 24, and V is 22. Step 3: Compute the shift for each position: from A(1) to C(3) is +2; from U(21) to X(24) is +3; from R(18) to V(22) is +4. Step 4: Note that the shifts are not constant but follow a pattern of +2, +3, and +4. Step 5: Now test each option. Step 6: For GEM to IHQ: G(7) to I(9) is +2; E(5) to H(8) is +3; M(13) to Q(17) is +4. This matches the +2, +3, +4 pattern exactly. Step 7: Briefly check that the other options do not follow this pattern for all three letters, confirming GEM : IHQ as the only correct pair. Verification / Alternative check: To verify, we can reverse the transformation for GEM : IHQ using the pattern minus 2, minus 3, and minus 4. Starting from I(9), H(8), and Q(17), subtract 2, 3, and 4 respectively to get G(7), E(5), and M(13), which are exactly the letters of GEM. This confirms that GEM : IHQ uses the same ordered shifts as AUR : CXV. If we try the same test on other options, we will find the differences either do not follow the +2, +3, +4 pattern or are inconsistent across positions. Why Other Options Are Wrong: In RFT : SGU, HSO : GRN, and KGA : NIE, the shifts between corresponding letters are not +2, +3, and +4 in order. Some may have constant shifts or mixed patterns, but none replicate the exact incremental sequence discovered from AUR : CXV. Since analogy requires structural repetition, any pair that fails to reproduce this pattern for all three positions cannot be correct. Common Pitfalls: One common mistake is to look only for a constant shift and discard a pair because the shift is not the same for each letter. In this question, the shift itself is changing in a systematic way, increasing by one each time. Carefully computing differences for each letter position instead of assuming a constant shift is crucial to avoid incorrect elimination of the correct pair. Final Answer: The letter pair that follows the same +2, +3, +4 shift pattern as AUR : CXV is GEM : IHQ.

Question 3

In the following question, select the related word pair from the given alternatives: Start is to End as which of the following is to its opposite?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy is based on opposite meanings. Start and End represent opposite points in a process or activity. The question asks you to identify another pair of words from the options that have the same clear opposite relationship. Opposites are frequently used in analogy questions as they provide a straightforward semantic structure. Given Data / Assumptions: The model pair is Start : End, which expresses a clear opposition: beginning versus conclusion. The options are Hot : Water, Love : Care, Green : Go, and Up : Down. We need a pair in which the two words are direct antonyms, not merely related or associated concepts. Only one option should exhibit a strong, simple opposite relation comparable to Start and End. Concept / Approach: The structure of the analogy is Word and its Opposite. Start marks the initial point, while End marks the final point. Among the options, Up and Down are well known opposites describing direction. The other pairs show different kinds of relations, such as association or implication, but not strict antonymy. Therefore, we select the pair that best replicates this opposite relationship. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Restate the base relationship. Start is the beginning, End is the termination or final point. Step 2: Evaluate Hot : Water. Hot is an adjective describing temperature, and water is a substance that can be hot or cold, so they are not opposites. Step 3: Evaluate Love : Care. Love and care are positively related emotions or attitudes, not opposites. Step 4: Evaluate Green : Go. Green is a colour that in traffic signals is associated with movement or permission to go, but green and go are not linguistic opposites. Step 5: Evaluate Up : Down. Up and Down are direct antonyms describing opposite directions. Step 6: Conclude that Up : Down is the only pair that matches the Start : End type of opposite relation. Verification / Alternative check: We can place the pairs in simple contrasting sentences. A journey might start and then end; one can move up or move down. These are parallel in structure and meaning. By contrast, statements such as hot and water are opposite, or love is the opposite of care, do not make sense. Green and go are correlated in the context of traffic signals, but one is not a negation or contradiction of the other, so they do not form an antonym pair. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Hot : Water links a quality to an object, not opposites. Love : Care links two similar positive feelings. Green : Go links a colour to an action associated with that colour, but they are not semantic opposites. Only Up : Down provides clear directional opposites in the same way that Start and End are opposite states in a process. Common Pitfalls: Some test takers may be distracted by strong associations, such as green meaning go in traffic lights, and mistakenly treat such associated terms as opposites. It is important to distinguish between correlation and true antonymy. In analogy questions, when the model pair is strictly opposite in meaning, the answer pair should also be strictly opposite, not merely related in some context. Final Answer: The pair that mirrors the opposite relationship of Start : End is Up : Down.

Question 4

In the following question, select the related number pair from the given alternatives: 31 is to 42 as which of the following pairs?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a simple number pair analogy. The pair 31 : 42 is given, and you must select the option in which the two numbers are related in the same way. A common and natural pattern in such questions is a fixed difference between the numbers. Here, the difference between 31 and 42 is constant and suggests the same difference should hold in the correct answer pair. Given Data / Assumptions: The base pair is 31 on the left and 42 on the right. The candidate pairs are 53 : 64, 47 : 59, 61 : 73, and 44 : 34. We assume the relationship is likely to be arithmetic, such as adding a constant number. We need to find the pair where the difference between second and first number equals the difference in the base pair. Concept / Approach: First compute the difference between 31 and 42. Then compute the difference for each candidate pair. The correct option will have the same difference, indicating the same rule second = first + 11, or a similar consistent relation. This straightforward approach is efficient and aligns with typical patterns used in exam questions. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Compute the difference in the base pair: 42 - 31 = 11. Step 2: Check option a, 53 : 64. Compute 64 - 53 = 11. Step 3: Check option b, 47 : 59. Compute 59 - 47 = 12, not 11. Step 4: Check option c, 61 : 73. Compute 73 - 61 = 12, again not 11. Step 5: Check option d, 44 : 34. Compute 34 - 44 = -10, which is not 11 and also reverses the order. Step 6: Conclude that only 53 : 64 preserves the same difference of 11 as in the base pair 31 : 42. Verification / Alternative check: If we tried to impose a more complex rule, such as multiplying by a factor or combining digits, we would not match both the example pair and one of the options as neatly. The pair 31 and 42 do not share any special digit manipulation pattern, but the constant difference of 11 is obvious. Applying 11 to 53 gives 64 exactly, making 53 : 64 a natural parallel. The other pairs do not reproduce this difference, so the constant difference interpretation is well supported. Why Other Options Are Wrong: The pair 47 : 59 differs by 12, not 11. The pair 61 : 73 also differs by 12. The pair 44 : 34 actually decreases by 10, which contradicts both the magnitude and direction of the change in the base pair. Since analogy demands a uniform rule, these pairs fail to follow the same pattern as 31 : 42 and cannot be correct. Common Pitfalls: Test takers sometimes overcomplicate patterns when a simple difference is sufficient. Another pitfall is to miscalculate differences, especially when working quickly. Carefully subtracting the numbers in each pair and comparing the results avoids these errors and leads directly to the correct answer. Final Answer: The pair that mirrors the +11 difference in 31 : 42 is 53 : 64.

Question 5

In the following question, select the related group of letters from the given alternatives: FUT is to JYX as BUG is to which group?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy is a standard alphabet shift coding problem. The group FUT is coded as JYX, and you must determine the coded form of BUG using the same rule. Identifying the exact alphabetic shift between corresponding letters and applying it consistently to a new group is central to solving this type of question. Given Data / Assumptions: The example coding is FUT on the left mapped to JYX on the right. The second original group is BUG, whose code we must find. The options are AYG, FYK, LCK, and FAM. We work with alphabet positions A = 1 through Z = 26. We assume the same shift is applied to all three letters of FUT to obtain JYX. Concept / Approach: First, convert the letters in FUT and JYX to their numeric positions and calculate the difference. If every letter in FUT shifts by the same amount to become the corresponding letter in JYX, then that constant shift is the coding rule. We then apply that rule to each letter in BUG and see which answer option matches the resulting letters. This constant shift approach is typical in three letter coding analogies. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Write the positions of FUT. F is 6, U is 21, and T is 20. Step 2: Write the positions of JYX. J is 10, Y is 25, and X is 24. Step 3: Compute the shift for each letter: from F(6) to J(10) is +4; from U(21) to Y(25) is +4; from T(20) to X(24) is +4. Step 4: Conclude that the coding rule is to add 4 to each letter's position. Step 5: Now apply this rule to BUG. B is 2, U is 21, and G is 7. Step 6: Add 4: B(2) + 4 = 6 (F); U(21) + 4 = 25 (Y); G(7) + 4 = 11 (K). Step 7: Combine the letters F, Y, and K to obtain FYK, which matches option b. Verification / Alternative check: To verify, we can decode JYX back to FUT by subtracting 4 from each letter. J(10) minus 4 is 6 (F), Y(25) minus 4 is 21 (U), and X(24) minus 4 is 20 (T). This confirms the rule is consistent and reversible. Trying the same +4 shift on BUG leads uniquely to FYK, and no other option corresponds to a constant +4 shift, which confirms FYK as the correct coded group. Why Other Options Are Wrong: AYG, LCK, and FAM do not result from adding 4 to each letter in BUG. For example, to move from B to A would require a shift of minus 1, not plus 4. To get from U to Y is plus 4, but combining inconsistent shifts would break the pattern established by FUT : JYX. Since the essence of the example is a uniform +4 shift, any option that does not conform to this rule must be discarded. Common Pitfalls: A common error is to overlook the modular nature of the alphabet when shifting near the end and beginning (around X, Y, Z, A), but in this case the shifts stay well within bounds, making the pattern easy to confirm. Another pitfall is to miscalculate letter positions under exam stress. Writing down a quick A to Z position reference or keeping mental track carefully helps avoid such mistakes. Final Answer: Using the same +4 alphabet shift that converts FUT to JYX, the group BUG is coded as FYK.

Question 6

Select the related word from the given alternatives: River is to Stream as Ocean is to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy concerns types and sizes of natural water bodies. A stream is a smaller or narrower form of a river. You must choose the option that stands in a similar relationship to an ocean. These questions test your understanding of hierarchical or subset relationships in basic geography and natural science. Given Data / Assumptions: The model pair is River : Stream. A stream is a smaller watercourse that can be considered a type of river or at least closely related in nature but smaller in scale. The second base word is Ocean, a very large body of salt water. The options are Current, Pond, Dam, and Sea. We are looking for a water body that relates to an ocean in a similar way that a stream relates to a river, that is, smaller but of the same general type. Concept / Approach: A river and a stream are both flowing bodies of water, with a stream generally being smaller. Analogously, oceans and seas are both large salt water bodies, but a sea is typically smaller, often partly enclosed by land and connected to an ocean. A current, although related to water movement, is not a distinct water body. A pond is a small inland body of water, and a dam is a man made structure. Therefore, the best parallel is Ocean : Sea. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Restate the base relationship. A stream is like a small river or a similar watercourse of lesser size. Step 2: Identify the nature of an ocean. An ocean is an immense expanse of salt water covering a large part of the Earth. Step 3: Examine option a, Current. A current is a flow of water within a larger body, not a separate water body itself. Step 4: Examine option b, Pond. A pond is a small inland body of standing water, not a smaller version of an ocean. Step 5: Examine option c, Dam. A dam is a man made structure across a river or stream to hold back water. Step 6: Examine option d, Sea. A sea is a large but generally smaller and more enclosed body of salt water that is part of an ocean system. Step 7: Conclude that Sea stands in the same kind of smaller related body relationship to Ocean as Stream does to River. Verification / Alternative check: We can phrase the analogy in simple descriptive terms. A stream can be viewed as a smaller or narrower river; a sea can be viewed as a smaller or marginal part of an ocean. In contrast, a current is a movement inside an ocean, a pond is a landlocked body of water unlike an ocean, and a dam is not a body of water at all. Only Sea reproduces the type and size relation in a parallel way. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Current refers to flow, not to a distinct water body. Pond is a standing inland water body with fresh water and does not relate to an ocean as a smaller version. Dam is an engineered structure and is unrelated to the classification of water bodies. Thus, choosing any of these would ignore the clear pattern of a smaller similar type water body that the analogy requires. Common Pitfalls: Students may be tempted by Pond because it is a smaller water body compared to an ocean, but the type is different (inland fresh water instead of large salt water). To maintain a proper analogy, both pairs should share the same basic category (flowing water for river and stream, salt water body for ocean and sea) with a size difference, not completely different categories. Final Answer: The correct completion of the analogy River : Stream :: Ocean : ? is Sea.

Question 7

Select the related group of letters from the given alternatives: WUS is to DFH as MKI is to which group?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy uses a symmetric alphabetic transformation known as a letter complement or Atbash type mapping. WUS is mapped to DFH, and you must discover which option shows the correct mapping for MKI. The core idea is that each letter is replaced by another letter such that their positions add up to a fixed constant, commonly 27, so that A pairs with Z, B with Y, and so on. Given Data / Assumptions: The base coding is WUS mapped to DFH. The second original group is MKI, whose code is unknown. The options are LJH, GEC, OQS, and NPR. Alphabet positions are A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26. We suspect that each letter is transformed into its complement with respect to 27, meaning position of original letter + position of coded letter = 27. Concept / Approach: We test the complement idea on WUS and DFH. If for each letter pair the sum of their alphabet positions is 27, the mapping is confirmed as a symmetric complement. We then apply this same mapping to MKI and see which option matches the result. This method, often called Atbash type coding, is common in reasoning questions that involve mirrored alphabet positions. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Find positions of W, U, and S. W is 23, U is 21, and S is 19. Step 2: Find positions of D, F, and H. D is 4, F is 6, and H is 8. Step 3: Check the sums: 23 + 4 = 27, 21 + 6 = 27, and 19 + 8 = 27. Step 4: This confirms that each coded letter is the complement of the original letter with respect to 27. Step 5: Apply the same rule to MKI. M is 13, K is 11, and I is 9. Step 6: Compute the complements: for M(13), 27 - 13 = 14, which is N; for K(11), 27 - 11 = 16, which is P; for I(9), 27 - 9 = 18, which is R. Step 7: Combine these letters to form NPR and compare with the options. NPR appears as option d. Verification / Alternative check: To double check, we can apply the mapping in reverse from NPR back to MKI. N is 14, P is 16, and R is 18. Subtract each from 27: 27 - 14 = 13 (M), 27 - 16 = 11 (K), and 27 - 18 = 9 (I), which reproduces MKI exactly. No other option, when each letter is complemented with respect to 27, will give MKI, so NPR is the only group that satisfies the symmetric complement rule used in WUS : DFH. Why Other Options Are Wrong: LJH, GEC, and OQS do not have letter positions that sum to 27 with the letters of MKI. For instance, if we tried M with L, the sum is 13 + 12 = 25, not 27. Similarly, pairing K with J gives 11 + 10 = 21. These failed sums demonstrate that they do not follow the same complement pattern. Therefore, these options cannot be the correct coded forms under this analogy. Common Pitfalls: A common mistake is to look for a constant forward or backward shift, such as adding or subtracting the same number of positions, without noticing the symmetric nature of the mapping. Another pitfall is to miscalculate letter positions, especially near the middle of the alphabet. Recognising that A pairs with Z, B with Y, C with X, and so on helps quickly identify complement relationships like W with D or M with N. Final Answer: Using the same 27 complement mapping that converts WUS to DFH, the group MKI is converted to NPR.

Question 8

In this fraction based number analogy, “3/7 is to 7/3 as 9/2 is to ______”. Select the fraction that completes the analogy by following the same reciprocal pattern where the numerator and denominator are interchanged.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question is a simple fraction analogy from quantitative aptitude. The pair 3/7 : 7/3 shows a clear numerical relationship between two fractions. The task is to apply the same relationship to the second fraction 9/2 and select the correct related fraction from the given options. Questions of this type test the candidate's understanding of basic fraction operations and pattern recognition rather than heavy calculation. Given Data / Assumptions: • First pair of fractions: 3/7 and 7/3. • Second fraction: 9/2 with an unknown partner. • Options: 2/9, -9/2, 7/2, -2/9. • All fractions are assumed to be ordinary rational numbers with non zero denominators. Concept / Approach: Look at how 3/7 is transformed into 7/3. Here, the numerator and denominator simply interchange their positions. This operation produces what is known as the reciprocal of a fraction. The reciprocal of a fraction a/b is b/a. Therefore, 3/7 becomes 7/3. If the analogy is based on taking reciprocals, then 9/2 must be mapped to its reciprocal as well. We then check which option represents that reciprocal. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify the pattern in the first pair. 3/7 becomes 7/3 by swapping numerator and denominator. Step 2: Express this in general terms. If the first fraction is a/b, the second is b/a. This is the reciprocal pattern. Step 3: Apply the pattern to 9/2. For 9/2, a = 9 and b = 2. The reciprocal is 2/9. Step 4: Match with the options. Among the given options, 2/9 is present and matches the required reciprocal. Verification / Alternative check: To confirm, take the reciprocal of 2/9 and see if it returns 9/2, which it does. Also check that no sign change or extra multiplication is involved in the first pair. 3/7 is positive and 7/3 is also positive. Hence, introducing a negative sign for 9/2 would break the pattern. The most natural and consistent rule is simple reciprocation without any additional operations or sign changes. Why Other Options Are Wrong: • -9/2: This keeps the original fraction but introduces a negative sign; no such sign change appears in the example pair. • 7/2: This does not arise from any direct reciprocal relation with 9/2. • -2/9: This is the negative reciprocal, which again is not suggested by the first pair. Common Pitfalls: A common mistake is to focus on the numerical values and attempt operations such as addition or subtraction instead of noticing the simple interchange of numerator and denominator. Another error is to assume that a sign change is involved without any evidence in the given pair. In fraction analogies, always check for reciprocal and inversion patterns first, as they are very frequently used. Final Answer: The fraction that correctly completes the analogy is 2/9.

Question 9

In this letter analogy, “ACE is to HJL as LNP is to ______”. Select the group of letters that completes the analogy by applying the same constant forward shift in the alphabet.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question is a classic alphabet coding analogy from verbal reasoning. The pair ACE : HJL shows how one group of letters is transformed into another group using a consistent shift in alphabet positions. The objective is to discover that pattern and apply it to the second group LNP so that the relationship is preserved. Such questions test the candidate's ability to work with alphabet positions and recognise hidden patterns in sequences of letters. Given Data / Assumptions: • First letter group: ACE. • Second letter group: HJL. • Third group: LNP with an unknown partner. • Options: SUW, MOQ, IJK, BDF. • Alphabet positions: A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26 are used for analysis. Concept / Approach: We compare ACE with HJL letter by letter and calculate how many positions each letter moves forward in the alphabet. If the shift is constant for all positions, we have a straightforward rule. Once this shift is determined, we apply it to each letter of LNP. The correct answer will be the option that exactly matches the result, both in character and order. No reversal or mixing of letters is used in the example, so we expect a direct positional shift. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Convert ACE to alphabet positions. A = 1, C = 3, E = 5. Step 2: Convert HJL to alphabet positions. H = 8, J = 10, L = 12. Step 3: Compute the shift for each letter. 1 → 8 is a shift of +7. 3 → 10 is a shift of +7. 5 → 12 is a shift of +7. So the rule is: add 7 to the position of each letter. Step 4: Apply the same rule to LNP. L = 12, N = 14, P = 16. Add 7: 12 + 7 = 19 → S, 14 + 7 = 21 → U, 16 + 7 = 23 → W. The resulting group is SUW. Verification / Alternative check: To verify, you can reverse the shift. Subtract 7 from HJL: H (8) − 7 = A (1), J (10) − 7 = C (3), L (12) − 7 = E (5). This returns ACE, confirming that the shift is correct and consistent. Doing the same with SUW returns LNP: S (19) − 7 = L (12), U (21) − 7 = N (14), W (23) − 7 = P (16). Thus, SUW is the only option that maintains the exact same pattern used in the example. Why Other Options Are Wrong: • MOQ: The letters do not correspond to a uniform +7 shift from LNP in all positions. • IJK: These letters are earlier in the alphabet and cannot be obtained from LNP by adding 7. • BDF: This group is unrelated to LNP by a constant forward shift of 7 and looks more like the pattern of ACE itself. Common Pitfalls: Candidates sometimes focus on visual similarity of letter shapes or guess based on partial matching. Another frequent error is to forget that each position must follow the same rule that works for all letters of the example pair. Always convert letters to numbers, compute the exact shifts, and then apply the same arithmetic carefully to the new group. This systematic approach avoids guesswork and ensures the correct choice. Final Answer: The group of letters that correctly completes the analogy is SUW.

Question 10

In this number analogy, “96 is to 32 as 48 is to ______”. Select the number that completes the analogy by applying the same division rule used in the first pair.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a straightforward numerical analogy from quantitative aptitude. The pair 96 : 32 shows how the first number is related to the second by a simple arithmetic operation. To solve the analogy, you must detect this operation and apply it to the second first number, 48, in order to find the matching second number from the options. Questions like this reward a calm, stepwise check of basic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Given Data / Assumptions: • First pair of numbers: 96 and 32. • Second pair: 48 and an unknown number. • Options: 14, 12, 16, 18. • All numbers are ordinary positive integers and there is a single consistent rule that connects the pairs. Concept / Approach: Begin with the first pair and test natural operations. Notice that 32 is exactly one third of 96, because 96 / 3 = 32. No other simple integer operation is as clean or direct. This suggests that the rule might be “divide the first number by 3 to obtain the second number”. If that rule works well in the example, we apply the same operation to 48 and then match the result with the options provided. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Work with the first pair 96 and 32. Check division: 96 / 3 = 32 exactly, with no remainder. Step 2: Record the pattern. Pattern: second number = first number / 3. Step 3: Apply the same pattern to 48. Compute 48 / 3. 48 / 3 = 16. Step 4: Compare with the options. The value 16 matches option C and no other option equals 48 / 3. Verification / Alternative check: To confirm, check whether any other simple rules such as subtracting a constant or taking a factor give more consistent results. For example, 96 − 32 = 64, but 48 − 16 = 32, which does not show a stable pattern that fits the analogy statement. Similarly, multiplying 32 by a constant does not recover 96 in a way that naturally extends to 48. Therefore, division by 3 is the clearest and most logical rule that satisfies the given pair and leads to a valid answer for the second pair. Why Other Options Are Wrong: • 14: This does not equal 48 / 3 and does not arise from any simple extension of 96 : 32. • 12: Corresponds to 48 / 4, which is not the rule in the first pair. • 18: Counts as 48 / 2.67 approximately and is not a clean integer division pattern. Common Pitfalls: Sometimes candidates try to overcomplicate the pattern by mixing operations or searching for advanced formulas. For many exam questions, especially where the numbers divide neatly, a single basic operation is enough. Always test simple division and multiplication first, particularly when the second number is smaller and appears to be an exact fraction of the first. Final Answer: The number that correctly completes the analogy is 16.

Question 11

In this word analogy, “Nest is to Bird as Den is to ______”. Choose the animal that stands in the same home to inhabitant relationship with den that bird does with nest.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This verbal analogy question tests your knowledge of common animal homes and their typical inhabitants. The pair “Nest : Bird” represents a clear relationship where nest is the home and bird is the creature that lives in it. To complete the analogy, “Den : ?”, you must choose the animal that has the same kind of association with a den. Such questions are frequent in basic reasoning and general awareness sections. Given Data / Assumptions: • Example pair: Nest and Bird. • Target pair: Den and an unknown animal. • Options: Owl, Lion, Rat, Goat. • We assume standard textbook associations of animals with their typical homes in general English usage. Concept / Approach: The relationship in the example pair is “place of dwelling : typical inhabitant”. A nest is a structure built by birds to lay eggs and raise young ones. In the same way, a den is commonly associated with wild animals such as lions, tigers, or bears and refers to their shelter or resting place. The question asks which animal from the options is most commonly associated with a den in school level general knowledge. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Understand the first pair. A nest is the shelter or home made by a bird. Step 2: Interpret the second pair. A den is a cave, lair, or shelter used by certain wild animals in forests. Step 3: Evaluate each option. Owl: An owl lives in trees or hollows and also uses nests, so it does not uniquely match den. Lion: A lion is a wild animal that is commonly said to live in a den in standard general knowledge statements. Rat: Rats live in burrows, drains, or human buildings, but den is not their typical textbook home. Goat: Goats are domestic animals that live in sheds or open fields, not dens. Step 4: The best match for the relationship “Den : ?” is therefore Lion. Verification / Alternative check: You can restate the pairs as sentences: “A nest is the home of a bird” and “A den is the home of a lion”. These sentences are standard in basic science and environmental studies books. While other wild animals such as bears and tigers also use dens, lion is the only such animal offered among the options, so it is clearly the intended answer. No other option fits as well with the specific term den. Why Other Options Are Wrong: • Owl: Better associated with nests and tree hollows, so it would mirror bird rather than forming a new pair. • Rat: Usually linked with burrows or holes, not dens in common usage. • Goat: A domestic animal that lives in sheds and open areas rather than forest dens. Common Pitfalls: Candidates sometimes overthink and recall that many animals may occupy dens. However, exam questions at this level expect the most common textbook association. Another pitfall is to pick owl because it is a bird, but the second pair is about den, not nest. Always match the exact home term with its most standard inhabitant. Final Answer: The word that correctly completes the analogy is Lion.

Question 12

In this letter analogy, “NPR is to GHI as TVX is to ______”. Choose the group of letters that completes the analogy by following the same alphabet position halving pattern.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question presents a letter analogy where each letter in one group corresponds to a letter in another group by a positional rule in the alphabet. The pair NPR : GHI is given, and we must detect the exact relationship between these two sequences. After discovering the pattern, we apply it to TVX to find its corresponding group from the options. This tests knowledge of alphabet positions and the ability to observe number based patterns hidden inside letters. Given Data / Assumptions: • First letter group: NPR. • Second letter group: GHI. • Third group: TVX with an unknown partner. • Options: JKL, KLM, IJK, IKL. • Alphabet positions: A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26. Concept / Approach: Instead of looking for simple additions or subtractions, we examine whether the positions of the letters in the second group are related to the positions in the first group through halving. If the position of each letter in GHI is equal to half of the position of the corresponding letter in NPR, we have a consistent rule. We then apply the same halving rule to TVX and choose the option that matches the resulting letters. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Convert NPR to numeric positions. N = 14, P = 16, R = 18. Step 2: Convert GHI to numeric positions. G = 7, H = 8, I = 9. Step 3: Compare positions in each pair. 14 / 2 = 7, which gives G. 16 / 2 = 8, which gives H. 18 / 2 = 9, which gives I. Thus, each letter in the second group has a position equal to half of the corresponding letter in the first group. Step 4: Apply the same rule to TVX. T = 20, V = 22, X = 24. Half of 20 is 10 → J. Half of 22 is 11 → K. Half of 24 is 12 → L. So the resulting letter group is JKL. Verification / Alternative check: To verify, we can reverse the rule by doubling the positions of GHI and JKL. Doubling 7, 8, and 9 gives 14, 16, and 18, which correspond to N, P, and R, so NPR is recovered. Doubling 10, 11, and 12 gives 20, 22, and 24, which correspond to T, V, and X, so TVX is recovered. This confirms that the relationship is stable and symmetric: first group positions are exactly twice the second group positions. Why Other Options Are Wrong: • KLM and IJK: These groups do not arise from halving 20, 22, and 24; their letter positions do not match the halved values. • IKL: Also does not correspond to exact halves of T, V, and X when converted to numeric positions. Common Pitfalls: Many candidates first look for constant addition or subtraction, such as shifting letters by a fixed number of positions. When this fails, they may guess based on partial similarities instead of considering division patterns. In analogies that use letters with relatively large positions, checking for halving or doubling is often very productive. Always translate letters to numbers and explore both multiplication and division when simple addition does not fit. Final Answer: The group of letters that correctly completes the analogy is JKL.

Question 13

In this letter analogy, “AF is to BE as ______ is to DH”. Select the pair of letters that completes the analogy by following the same pattern of increasing the first letter and decreasing the second letter.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy involves pairs of letters where each letter in the pair changes in a specific way to produce the corresponding pair. The example AF : BE shows that the transformation is not simply a uniform shift, but a combination of increasing one letter and decreasing the other. The task is to determine how AF becomes BE and then find the letter pair that will similarly become DH. Such problems check your comfort with alphabet positions and two step transformations. Given Data / Assumptions: • Example pair: AF maps to BE. • Target mapping: ? maps to DH. • Options: CH, CG, DG, CI. • Alphabet positions are taken as A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26. Concept / Approach: We treat each pair as two separate letters. For AF → BE, we analyse first letters (A and B) and second letters (F and E) separately. The first letters may be shifted forward, while the second letters may be shifted backward. Once we know exactly how many steps each letter is moved, we can set up equations to find which starting pair would transform into DH with the same rule. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Convert AF and BE to positions. A = 1, F = 6. B = 2, E = 5. Step 2: Check the first letters. A (1) becomes B (2), so the first letter is shifted +1. Step 3: Check the second letters. F (6) becomes E (5), so the second letter is shifted −1. Step 4: Express the rule. First letter: position + 1. Second letter: position − 1. Step 5: Apply this rule in reverse to DH. Let the unknown pair be XY such that XY → DH under the same rule. For the first position: X + 1 = D (4), so X = 3 → C. For the second position: Y − 1 = H (8), so Y = 9 → I. Thus, the starting pair must be CI. Verification / Alternative check: Verify by applying the discovered rule directly to CI. For the first letter, C (3) + 1 = D (4). For the second letter, I (9) − 1 = H (8). So CI indeed maps to DH, and AF maps to BE under the same transformation scheme. No other option produces DH when this rule is applied, which confirms that CI is the only correct answer. Why Other Options Are Wrong: • CH: Applying the rule gives DH for the first letter but G for the second letter, so the result is DG, not DH. • CG: Here the first letter would still become D, but the second would become F, giving DF rather than DH. • DG: This pair already contains D as the first letter; shifting it would not produce DH under the same rule. Common Pitfalls: One common error is to look for a constant shift in both letters, such as adding the same number to each position. However, AF to BE clearly does not use a uniform shift. Another pitfall is to test options by guesswork rather than reconstructing the original pair through algebraic reasoning. Working backward from the known result DH using the precise rule helps avoid confusion and ensures accuracy. Final Answer: The pair of letters that correctly completes the analogy is CI.

Question 14

In this number analogy, “36 is to 6 as 441 is to ______”. Choose the number that completes the analogy by following the same square root relationship used in the first pair.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This numerical analogy uses the concept of perfect squares and square roots. In the pair 36 : 6, the second number is the square root of the first number. The question asks you to apply the same relationship to 441 and find the correct number from the given options. This type of problem tests basic knowledge of squares and roots, which are very common in quantitative aptitude and number system questions. Given Data / Assumptions: • First pair: 36 and 6. • Second pair: 441 and an unknown number. • Options: 11, 21, 25, 32. • We assume standard definitions of perfect squares: if n² = m, then n is the square root of m. Concept / Approach: Recognise that 36 is a perfect square and 6 is its square root, since 6 * 6 = 36. Therefore, the relationship in the first pair is "first number is the square of the second", or equivalently "second number is the square root of the first". To complete the analogy, we must find the square root of 441 and match it with one of the options. Knowing standard squares up to at least 25² is very helpful in such questions. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Confirm the relationship in the first pair. 36 = 6 * 6, so 6² = 36. Hence, second number = square root of first number. Step 2: Factorise 441 or recall known squares. 21 * 21 = 441, so 21² = 441. Step 3: Apply the same relationship. If 36 : 6 follows the pattern first number : square root, then 441 must correspond to its square root, which is 21. Step 4: Check the options. Among 11, 21, 25, 32, only 21 squared equals 441. Verification / Alternative check: We can verify by checking squares of the options. 11² = 121, 21² = 441, 25² = 625, and 32² = 1024. Only 21 yields 441, which confirms that the relationship is indeed based on square roots. No other simple rule such as division or addition fits both pairs as cleanly as this square root pattern. Why Other Options Are Wrong: • 11: Its square 121 does not match 441, so it does not satisfy the required relationship. • 25: Squares to 625, which is not equal to 441. • 32: Squares to 1024, again not equal to 441 and far from the required value. Common Pitfalls: A common error is to think in terms of division, for example 36 / 6 = 6 and then trying to find a similar ratio for 441. However, the positions in an analogy are directional: here, we move from the larger square to its root, not from the root to the square. Remember to check for perfect square relationships whenever you see familiar numbers like 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 144, and 441. Final Answer: The number that correctly completes the analogy is 21.

Question 15

In this odd one out question on number patterns, four numbers are given and three of them are perfect squares while one is different. Choose the number that is different from the rest.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question asks you to identify the odd number out among four given numbers by observing their hidden mathematical properties. Typically, three numbers follow a common pattern such as being perfect squares, perfect cubes, or prime numbers, while one number does not fit that pattern. Recognising whether numbers are squares or cubes is a very common requirement in quantitative aptitude questions. Given Data / Assumptions: • Given numbers: 512, 841, 576, 289. • We suspect that some or all of these may be perfect squares or perfect cubes. • The task is to find the single number that does not share the main property common to the other three. Concept / Approach: An effective approach is to test each number to see if it is a perfect square or a perfect cube. If three of the numbers are perfect squares and one is not, then the non square will be the odd one out. Alternatively, if three are cubes and one is not, then the non cube is the answer. We calculate or recall square and cube values around the sizes of the given numbers to determine their nature. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Check 512. 8³ = 8 * 8 * 8 = 512, so 512 is a perfect cube, not a perfect square. Step 2: Check 841. 29² = 29 * 29 = 841, so 841 is a perfect square. Step 3: Check 576. 24² = 24 * 24 = 576, so 576 is a perfect square. Step 4: Check 289. 17² = 17 * 17 = 289, so 289 is a perfect square. Step 5: Identify the common property. Three numbers, 841, 576, and 289, are perfect squares. One number, 512, is a perfect cube but not a perfect square. Verification / Alternative check: We can further verify that 512 is not a square by checking approximate square roots. 22² = 484 and 23² = 529, so there is no integer n such that n² = 512. Thus, 512 is exclusively a cube, while the other three numbers are exclusively squares. The classification is clear and supports the choice of 512 as the odd one out. Why Other Options Are Not Odd: • 841: A perfect square (29²), which matches the pattern of being a square. • 576: A perfect square (24²), again fitting the same pattern. • 289: A perfect square (17²), also consistent with the majority property. Common Pitfalls: Some candidates may try to use divisibility tests or look at last digits without checking squares and cubes properly. Others may be misled by the fact that 512 ends with 2, a less common last digit for squares, and guess randomly. The safest method is to recall or quickly compute square and cube values near each number, which makes the difference between 512 and the three squares very clear. Final Answer: The odd number out, which is a cube while the others are squares, is 512.

Question 16

In this computer shortcut analogy, “Ctrl+X is to Cut as Ctrl+C is to ______”. Select the command that has the same relationship to Ctrl+C that Cut has to Ctrl+X.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy question is based on common keyboard shortcuts used in operating systems and text editors. The pair “Ctrl+X : Cut” links a specific keyboard shortcut with the editing command it performs. Your task is to identify the command that corresponds to “Ctrl+C” in the same way. This checks basic computer awareness, which is often tested in competitive exams and job aptitude tests. Given Data / Assumptions: • Known mapping: Ctrl+X performs the Cut operation. • Unknown mapping: Ctrl+C performs which operation. • Options: Undo, Paste, Redo, Copy. • We assume the standard shortcut meanings used in Windows, Linux, and many applications. Concept / Approach: The relationship is simple and direct: key combination to associated editing command. In widely used software, Ctrl+X is the shortcut for Cut, which removes selected text or items and stores them in the clipboard. Ctrl+C uses a similar pattern but with a different function. The question is essentially asking what command is activated by pressing Ctrl+C. Recognising standard shortcuts is enough to answer this without any further calculation. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall the effect of Ctrl+X. Ctrl+X cuts the selected text or object, removing it from its original location and placing it on the clipboard. Step 2: Recall the effect of Ctrl+C. Ctrl+C copies the selected text or object to the clipboard without removing it from its original position. Step 3: Match Ctrl+C to the correct command name. The operation is called Copy. Step 4: Compare with the options. Undo, Paste, and Redo are different commands with different shortcuts, while Copy exactly matches the function of Ctrl+C. Verification / Alternative check: Check the other common shortcuts to avoid confusion. Ctrl+V is used for Paste, which inserts the contents of the clipboard at the current position. Ctrl+Z is normally Undo, and Ctrl+Y or Ctrl+Shift+Z is often Redo. None of these are Ctrl+C. Because Ctrl+C is universally used as Copy in most graphical environments, the mapping is clear and unambiguous. Why Other Options Are Wrong: • Undo: Usually mapped to Ctrl+Z, not Ctrl+C. • Paste: Mapped to Ctrl+V in standard shortcut sets. • Redo: Commonly mapped to Ctrl+Y or Ctrl+Shift+Z, not Ctrl+C. Common Pitfalls: Some candidates may mix up Copy and Paste because they often appear together as Copy, Cut, and Paste commands. Others may misremember the exact key combinations under pressure. A useful memory aid is that X looks like scissors for Cut, C is the first letter of Copy, and V resembles an insertion mark for Paste. Remembering these associations helps avoid confusion during exams. Final Answer: The command that correctly completes the analogy is Copy.

Question 17

In this letter to single letter analogy, “DI is to M as CR is to ______”. Select the letter that completes the analogy by following the same alphabet position sum pattern used in the first pair.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question involves a mapping from a pair of letters to a single letter based on their positions in the English alphabet. The pair DI maps to the single letter M. We must discover how this mapping works numerically and then apply the same rule to the pair CR to determine the correct resulting letter. This type of problem is common in verbal reasoning tests where letter codes represent simple arithmetic rules. Given Data / Assumptions: • Example mapping: DI → M. • Target mapping: CR → ? • Options: Y, Q, P, U. • Alphabet positions: A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26. Concept / Approach: The most natural idea is that the single letter represents some arithmetic combination of the positions of the two letters in the pair. A common rule is to take the sum of the positions and then convert that sum back into a letter. If this rule works for DI, we then apply exactly the same rule to CR and choose the option corresponding to the resulting position. No reverse order or subtraction is suggested in the example, so we concentrate on addition. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Convert D and I to numeric positions. D = 4, I = 9. Step 2: Add the positions. 4 + 9 = 13. Step 3: Translate the result back into a letter. The 13th letter of the alphabet is M, which matches the mapping DI → M. Step 4: Apply the same rule to CR. C = 3, R = 18. Add the positions: 3 + 18 = 21. Step 5: Translate 21 back into a letter. The 21st letter of the alphabet is U. Step 6: Match U with the options; option D is U. Verification / Alternative check: We can test alternate rules such as difference or average. The difference of DI positions is 9 − 4 = 5, which would map to E, not M. The average (4 + 9) / 2 is 6.5, not an integer. Thus, summing the positions is the only simple rule that returns M. When the same sum rule gives U for CR, and U appears among the options, the rule is consistent and well supported. Why Other Options Are Wrong: • Y: Position 25, which would need a sum of 25 that does not arise from 3 and 18. • Q: Position 17, not equal to 3 + 18. • P: Position 16, again not matching the required sum of 21. Common Pitfalls: Candidates sometimes guess letters that feel intuitively far from or close to the originals without checking numeric positions. Another error is to apply a different operation for the second pair instead of strictly repeating the one identified from the first pair. Always convert letters into numbers, compute precise sums or differences, and then map back into letters using the same rule for every pair. Final Answer: The letter that correctly completes the analogy is U.

Question 18

In this letter pair analogy, “TU is to MN as JK is to ______”. Choose the pair of letters that completes the analogy by following the same backward shift in the alphabet for both letters.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy involves two letter pairs where the letters are shifted backward in the alphabet by the same number of positions. The pair TU : MN shows that each letter in TU is transformed into the corresponding letter in MN using a constant backward shift. Our job is to determine that shift and then apply it to the pair JK to find its matching pair from the options. These questions test accuracy in working with sequential letter positions. Given Data / Assumptions: • First pair mapping: TU → MN. • Second pair mapping: JK → ? • Options: CD, RS, TM, KL. • Alphabet positions: A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26. Concept / Approach: We examine the mapping from T to M and from U to N in terms of their position numbers. If T moves backward by a fixed number of positions to become M, and U moves backward by the same number to become N, we have a consistent rule. Once that backward shift is known, we apply it to J and K. The correct answer will be the option that matches the resulting letters exactly in both positions. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Convert TU to numeric positions. T = 20, U = 21. Step 2: Convert MN to numeric positions. M = 13, N = 14. Step 3: Compute the shifts. 20 → 13 is a shift of −7. 21 → 14 is also a shift of −7. Thus, each letter is moved backward by 7 positions. Step 4: Apply the same rule to JK. J = 10, K = 11. 10 − 7 = 3 → C. 11 − 7 = 4 → D. So JK maps to CD. Verification / Alternative check: We can verify by applying the reverse shift of +7. Starting from MN, adding 7 returns T and U: M (13) + 7 = T (20), N (14) + 7 = U (21). Similarly, starting from CD, adding 7 gives J and K: C (3) + 7 = J (10), D (4) + 7 = K (11). This shows that the backward shift of 7 is consistent and symmetrical for both pairs, confirming the pattern. Why Other Options Are Wrong: • RS: These letters are near TU rather than 7 positions behind JK, and they do not match the computed shifts. • TM: Here the letters do not result from subtracting 7 from J and K. • KL: Actually follows J and K in the alphabet, representing a forward shift, which contradicts the backward pattern observed in TU → MN. Common Pitfalls: Some candidates may incorrectly assume a forward shift or confuse the direction of the mapping, especially when reading the pair as MN : TU instead of TU : MN. Always note which side is given as the starting point in the analogy and compute the shift from that side to the other. Converting letters to numbers and doing simple subtraction is the most reliable method for these patterns. Final Answer: The letter pair that correctly completes the analogy is CD.

Question 19

In this number analogy, “36 is to 25 as 100 is to ______”. Select the number that completes the analogy by following the same pattern of moving from one perfect square to the square of the next lower integer.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This analogy connects pairs of numbers through perfect square relationships. The given pair 36 : 25 is not simply a case of subtraction or division; instead, both 36 and 25 are squares of consecutive integers. The question is asking you to apply the same pattern to 100 in order to find its related number among the options. Knowledge of squares of integers and spotting patterns among them is critical for such problems. Given Data / Assumptions: • First pair: 36 and 25. • Second pair: 100 and an unknown number. • Options: 81, 30, 35, 40. • Standard squares: 5² = 25, 6² = 36, 9² = 81, 10² = 100. Concept / Approach: Observe that 36 is 6² and 25 is 5². Thus, the first number is the square of some integer n, and the second number is the square of n − 1. In other words, the pair moves from the square of an integer to the square of the previous integer. To maintain the same relationship, when the first number is 100, which is 10², the related second number should be the square of 9, which is 9² = 81. We then match this logic to the options. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Express 36 and 25 as squares. 36 = 6 * 6 = 6². 25 = 5 * 5 = 5². Step 2: Identify the pattern. The second number is the square of one less than the square root of the first number: from 6² to 5². Step 3: Express 100 as a square. 100 = 10². Step 4: Apply the pattern. One less than 10 is 9, so the related number should be 9². 9² = 81. Step 5: Compare with the options. Only 81 matches the required pattern. Verification / Alternative check: Verify that alternative simple relationships such as subtracting a fixed value from 36 do not generalise. While 36 − 11 = 25, applying minus 11 to 100 gives 89, which is not among the choices. The square to previous square pattern is more natural and uses standard mathematical structures. Additionally, checking 81 as 9² reinforces that the relationship is about consecutive squares. Why Other Options Are Wrong: • 30 and 35: These numbers are not perfect squares and therefore do not fit a pattern of consecutive squares. • 40: Also not a perfect square and has no simple square based link to 100 analogous to 36 and 25. Common Pitfalls: Test takers may perform quick subtraction and assume that 36 and 25 are connected by subtracting 11 and then search for a similar difference with 100. This fails to capture the deeper square structure. To avoid such mistakes, always check whether the numbers in analogies are squares or cubes, especially when they look familiar like 25, 36, 81, and 100. Final Answer: The number that correctly completes the analogy is 81.

Question 20

In this word analogy, “Opposite is to Identical as Lengthy is to ______”. Choose the word that stands in the same antonym relationship to Lengthy that Identical does to Opposite.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This verbal analogy tests understanding of antonyms (opposite meaning words) rather than synonyms. The pair “Opposite : Identical” shows a relationship in which the second word is the antonym of the first. To complete the analogy, “Lengthy : ?”, we must identify the word that is an antonym of Lengthy in the same way that Identical is an antonym of Opposite. Such questions are widely used in English language and reasoning sections. Given Data / Assumptions: • Example pair: Opposite and Identical. • Target pair: Lengthy and an unknown word. • Options: Tedious, Longish, Elongated, Short. • We use standard dictionary meanings of these adjectives. Concept / Approach: The key is to recognise that Opposite and Identical do not share similar meanings. Instead, they express contrary notions: something that is opposite is very different, while identical means exactly the same. Thus, the relationship is antonymic. For consistency, the second word in the pair involving Lengthy must be an antonym of Lengthy. Lengthy means long in duration or extent, so the correct antonym will express the idea of brevity or small extent. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Analyse the first pair. Opposite describes things that are contrary or very different. Identical describes things that are exactly the same. They therefore stand in an opposite meaning relationship. Step 2: Clarify the meaning of Lengthy. Lengthy means long in terms of time or physical extent. For example, a lengthy speech is a long speech. Step 3: Evaluate each option. Tedious: Means boring and tiresome, often because something is too long, so it is related but not opposite to Lengthy. Longish: Means somewhat long; this is clearly similar to Lengthy, not opposite. Elongated: Means stretched out or made longer, again similar in sense to Lengthy. Short: Means little in length or duration, which is the natural antonym of Lengthy. Step 4: From this analysis, Short is the only genuine antonym. Verification / Alternative check: We can restate the relationships as simple sentences. If something is not opposite, it may be identical, which reverses the idea. Similarly, if something is not lengthy, it is short. The other options all lean toward the idea of something that is long or seems long: tedious, longish, and elongated all reinforce the idea of length rather than oppose it. Thus the pattern clearly requires Short as the second word. Why Other Options Are Wrong: • Tedious: Describes emotional response (boring) rather than physical length and often co exists with Lengthy instead of opposing it. • Longish: Directly implies some degree of length and is closer in meaning to Lengthy, not its opposite. • Elongated: Literally means made longer, again reinforcing the idea of length. Common Pitfalls: Many candidates are tempted by Tedious because lengthy tasks often feel tedious. However, analogy questions require exactly the same type of relationship, not merely contextual association. If the first pair is a pure antonym pair, the second must also be antonymic. Focusing on exact meaning relationships rather than emotional impressions is critical. Final Answer: The word that correctly completes the analogy is Short.

Analogy Questions