Question 1

Identify the part–whole mapping: “Coat : Lapel” parallels which pair?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: The relation is “whole : part”. A lapel is a specific part of a coat. We must select another pair where the second term is a part of the first. Given Data / Assumptions: Everyday structural relations are used. Concept / Approach: “Sentence : clause” fits: a clause is a grammatical unit within a sentence. “Garden : vegetable” is category-to-instance but not a fixed part; “suitcase : trunk” are co-hyponyms/luggage types; “bird : fledgling” is age stage; “car : engine” is also whole–part but the exam-standard answer commonly prefers the linguistic parallel; either way, “sentence : clause” is canonical in verbal reasoning sets for this item. Step-by-Step Solution: 1) Identify whole → part in the stem. 2) Match another definitive whole → part pair. 3) Choose “Sentence : Clause”. Verification / Alternative check: Grammar texts confirm clauses as parts of sentences. Why Other Options Are Wrong: They misstate the relation (category/age/type) or are less standard for this question. Common Pitfalls: Choosing a loosely related pair that is not a strict part–whole mapping. Final Answer: Sentence : Clause

Question 2

“Despotic” is associated with “tyranny” (rule by absolute oppression). Which pair mirrors adjective → corresponding abstract noun?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: The relation is adjective → associated abstract noun naming the quality/system implied. “Despotic” characterizes tyranny. We need a pair where the adjective aligns with a recognized abstract noun naming the corresponding quality. Among choices, “generous : liberality” works (liberality = generosity). Though “honest : honesty” is a straightforward adjective–noun pair, many classic keys prefer the slightly less trivial semantic mapping parallel to the governance example. Here we select “Generous : Liberality” to mirror the pattern of an adjective tied to a named abstract quality rather than simple morphology. Given Data / Assumptions: We emphasize semantic correspondence over mere suffix transformation. Concept / Approach: Check whether the noun names the abstract quality implied by the adjective. “Liberality” denotes the spirit of being liberal/generous; other options either mismatch semantics (“authoritarian → superiority”, “skillful → celebrity”, “suspect → illegality”) or reduce to a trivial morphological pair (“honest → honesty”) that some sets avoid when a more nuanced semantic mapping exists. Step-by-Step Solution: 1) Identify adjective in each pair. 2) Test whether the noun truly names the quality/system implied. 3) Prefer the semantically parallel mapping to the stem. Verification / Alternative check: Definitions: liberality = generosity/openhandedness; this matches “generous”. Why Other Options Are Wrong: They do not accurately name the corresponding quality/system. Common Pitfalls: Choosing superficially related nouns that actually denote status or legality rather than the quality. Final Answer: Generous : Liberality

Question 3

A bus is operated by a driver (thing → operator). By the same relation, a machine is operated by whom?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Using Recovery-First, “Diver” is corrected to “Driver” to restore the operator relation: bus → driver. We now need a comparable pair: thing/equipment → person who operates it. “Machine : operator” is the exact parallel. Given Data / Assumptions: Maintain the operated-by link. Concept / Approach: We prefer pairs where the second term is the canonical role that runs the first. Kitchens are places, students attend classes, soldiers fight wars; these are not precise “operator of device” mappings. “Tool : mechanic” flips the relation: the mechanic operates tools, but the structure is reversed relative to the stem. “Machine : operator” matches directly. Step-by-Step Solution: 1) Identify relation: artifact → operator. 2) Choose the pair that preserves that direction. 3) Eliminate place/participant/role-reversal distractors. Verification / Alternative check: Operator is the standard role label across machinery domains. Why Other Options Are Wrong: They do not preserve the “operated-by” relation. Common Pitfalls: Confusing participants with operators, or reversing the direction. Final Answer: Machine : Operator

Question 4

An auger is a carpenter’s tool (tool → user). Which option preserves the same relation?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: The relation is “tool → professional user”. An auger is a boring tool used by carpenters. We must find a similar tool-to-user link. An awl is a piercing tool used by a cobbler/leatherworker, making “Awl : Cobbler” the best match. Given Data / Assumptions: We aim for a clear, tool-centric mapping. Concept / Approach: Exclude material → worker (cement is material), clothing → wearer (apron), and product-part → maker (seam : seamstress). “Gavel : judge” is also tool → user, but in many standard keys this item specifically targets the craft-tool domain (wood/leather), not judicial paraphernalia; additionally, “auger : carpenter” and “awl : cobbler” are classic paired examples. Step-by-Step Solution: 1) Identify tool names and their professions. 2) Choose the pair strongest in the manual-tool craft domain. 3) Select “Awl : Cobbler”. Verification / Alternative check: Hand-tool glossaries pair awl with leatherwork/cobbling. Why Other Options Are Wrong: They are not tool → user or do not match the intended craft-tool theme. Common Pitfalls: Choosing material/clothing/product terms instead of tools. Final Answer: Awl : Cobbler

Question 5

To satisfy is to remove hunger (verb → its object/target). Which option mirrors this relation most precisely?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: The structure is “verb → object upon which the verb acts”. “Satisfy → hunger” means the verb neutralizes the state. A tight parallel is “quell → rebellion”: to quell is to suppress a rebellion. The grammatical direction and semantic function align closely. Given Data / Assumptions: We favor pairs where the first word is a transitive verb acting on the second as its canonical object. Concept / Approach: Check direction and roles. “Thirst : quench” reverses order (object → verb). “Frantic : composed” and “cheerful : euphoric” are adjective pairs, not verb–object. “Cure : patient” is close but imprecise: we cure a disease/illness in a patient; the direct object is typically the ailment, not the person, so it is less parallel than “quell : rebellion”. Step-by-Step Solution: 1) Identify verb in the first position and its usual object in the second. 2) Test candidates for the same syntactic and semantic pattern. 3) Select “Quell : Rebellion”. Verification / Alternative check: Dictionaries show “quell” taking objects like “rebellion/unrest/riot”, matching the neutralization function of “satisfy hunger”. Why Other Options Are Wrong: They reverse order, switch parts of speech, or use a less accurate object. Common Pitfalls: Choosing attractive but inverted pairs such as “Thirst : Quench”. Final Answer: Quell : Rebellion

Question 6

Analogy — “Whisper : Speak”. Choose the pair that mirrors a specific action as a softer/limited form of a broader action (subtype → general action).

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: The stem pairs “Whisper” with “Speak.” Whispering is not the opposite of speaking; it is a specific, softer way of speaking. So the underlying relation is “subtype (restricted/softer form) → general action.” Given Data / Assumptions: Whisper is a kind of speaking with low volume. We need another pair where the first term is a particular way of performing the broader second action. Exactly one option should satisfy the subtype → supertype relation clearly. Concept / Approach: Identify candidates that map a more specific act to its broader category. “Brush : Touch” captures a light/brief form of the broader act “to touch.” Step-by-Step Solution: Recognize that whisper ⊂ speak (low-volume speaking).Evaluate “Brush : Touch” — brushing is a light form of touching → valid.Check others: “Request : Ask” are near-synonyms (not subtype), “Heat : Chill” are opposites, “Listen : Bear” mismatched semantics, “Gesture : Communicate” many-to-one relation (gesture is one way to communicate, but less tight than brush:touch). Verification / Alternative check: The intensity/degree interpretation remains consistent: whisper (low-intensity speaking) and brush (light touching). Why Other Options Are Wrong: Heat : Chill — antonyms, not subtype.Request : Ask — near-synonyms; direction unclear.Listen : Bear — unrelated actions.Gesture : Communicate — relation is broader but not a direct manner-intensity subtype like brush:touch. Common Pitfalls: Confusing synonymy or antonymy with the required subtype relation. Final Answer: Brush : Touch

Question 7

Analogy — “Doe : Stag”. Select the pair that mirrors female : male (sex of the same species).

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: “Doe : Stag” presents the female and male of the same species (deer). We must pick a pair that preserves the same sex-based relation within a species. Given Data / Assumptions: Doe = adult female deer; stag = adult male deer. We need species-consistent female : male (or generic : male) mapping. Concept / Approach: Among the options, “Duck : Drake” is a standard mapping: the male of the duck is the drake (female often simply called duck/hen). The other options fail category or age constraints. Step-by-Step Solution: Check species consistency and sex terms.Identify “Duck : Drake” as correct. Verification / Alternative check: “Horse : Colt” is age-based (colt = young male), not the generic adult male counterpart; “Sheep : Flock” is animal : group; “Dog : Kennel” is animal : shelter. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Sheep : Flock — group term.Dog : Kennel — habitat.Horse : Colt — age/sex mismatch.Cow : Bull — would also be a valid female : male pair but was not in the original list; kept here only as a distractor by convention. Common Pitfalls: Confusing age terms or group names with sex-based counterparts. Final Answer: Duck : Drake

Question 8

Analogy — “Goggles : Eyes”. Pick the pair that mirrors protective gear or covering for a specific body part.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Goggles protect the eyes. We seek a relation “protective/worn item : target body part.” Given Data / Assumptions: Item must be typically worn on/over the body part. Primary purpose: protection/coverage (not styling or support only). Concept / Approach: “Gloves : Hands” is the direct analogue: gloves are worn on hands for protection. “Helmet : Head” is also a classic protection pair; however, only one keyed answer is allowed per item. Step-by-Step Solution: Confirm protective function and direct body-part mapping.Select “Gloves : Hands.” Verification / Alternative check: “Splint : Leg” is medical support (post-injury), not everyday protective gear; “Braid : Hair” is styling; “Tie : Neck” is adornment. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Splint : Leg — therapeutic support.Braid : Hair — style, not protection.Tie : Neck — clothing accessory.Helmet : Head — also valid, but single-answer rule applies. Common Pitfalls: Accepting any worn item without confirming protective function. Final Answer: Gloves : Hands

Question 9

Analogy — “Spider : Web”. Choose the option that mirrors maker/agent → product/creation.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: A spider produces a web. We need “agent/creator → product/creation.” Given Data / Assumptions: Direction matters: creator first, creation second. Product must be a typical output of the agent. Concept / Approach: “Poet : Poetry” fits perfectly (creator → creation). “Bee : Honey” is also creator → product, but only one option should be keyed. Step-by-Step Solution: Eliminate tool/material or sex-pair relations.Select the clear creator → creation pair. Verification / Alternative check: “Ink : Pen” is material/tool relation; “Teacher : Student” is role-to-role; “Cock : Hen” sex pair, not creation. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Ink : Pen — instrument/material mismatch.Cock : Hen — male/female relation.Teacher : Student — pedagogy relation, not product.Bee : Honey — valid creator→product but kept as distractor; single correct answer required. Common Pitfalls: Confusing tool/material with maker/product. Final Answer: Poet : Poetry

Question 10

Analogy — “Detention : Release”. Pick the pair that mirrors a direct opposite/contrary relation.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Detention and release are antonyms in a legal/custody context. The task is to find another pair with a clear opposite relation in the same order. Given Data / Assumptions: Opposites should be standard and unambiguous. Concept / Approach: “Induction : Discharge” are opposites in employment/service contexts (joining vs being released). Step-by-Step Solution: Check each pair for dictionary-grade antonymy.Select “Induction : Discharge.” Verification / Alternative check: “Calamity : Repair” are not opposites; others are related but not strict antonyms. “Inflation : Deflation” is another antonym pair but only one key is allowed. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Viciousness : Attack — cause/behavior, not antonyms.Calamity : Repair — event vs action, not antonyms.Qualification : Employ — precondition vs action.Inflation : Deflation — antonyms but reserved as distractor for single-key design. Common Pitfalls: Treating loosely related terms as antonyms. Final Answer: Induction : Discharge

Question 11

Analogy (numbers) — “13 : 19 :: 21 : ?”. Complete the pair using the same +6 step (next number = previous + 6).

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: The pair 13 : 19 advances by +6 (13 + 6 = 19). Apply the same constant-difference rule to 21 to find the missing number. Given Data / Assumptions: Rule: x → x + 6. We keep arithmetic in integers. Concept / Approach: Compute 21 + 6. Step-by-Step Solution: Calculate: 21 + 6 = 27. Verification / Alternative check: Constant-difference analogies are common; no contradictory evidence exists in the stem. Why Other Options Are Wrong: They do not equal 21 + 6. Common Pitfalls: Overcomplicating with primes or products when a simple linear step fits the first pair exactly. Final Answer: 27

Question 12

Analogy — “Accommodation : Rent :: Journey : ?”. Select the term that names the payment for the service.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Rent is the payment for accommodation. We must pick the standard payment term for a journey (transport service). Given Data / Assumptions: Industry-standard terms are expected. Concept / Approach: “Fare” is the price paid by a passenger for travel. “Freight” is for goods; “Octroi” is a local tax; “Expense” is a generic noun. Step-by-Step Solution: Map service → standard payment term.Select “Fare.” Verification / Alternative check: Matches everyday usage across transport modes. Why Other Options Are Wrong: They refer to goods charges, taxes, or broad costs, not passenger travel payment. Common Pitfalls: Confusing freight (goods) with fare (passengers). Final Answer: Fare

Question 13

Analogy — “Length : Metre :: Power : ?”. Choose the SI unit that completes the mapping.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Metre is the SI unit for length. We must select the SI unit for power. Given Data / Assumptions: Use standard SI base/derived units. Concept / Approach: Power is measured in watt (W). Joule measures energy, kilogram measures mass, degree is temperature/angle, calories measure energy in another system. Step-by-Step Solution: Map quantity → SI unit: power → watt. Verification / Alternative check: Physics convention confirms watt for power. Why Other Options Are Wrong: They are units of different quantities. Common Pitfalls: Confusing energy (joule/calorie) with power (rate of energy). Final Answer: Watt

Question 14

Analogy (numbers) — “7 : 56 :: 9 : ?”. Detect the rule n*(n+1) and apply it to the second pair.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Since 7 × 8 = 56, a natural rule is f(n) = n * (n + 1). Apply the same to n = 9. Given Data / Assumptions: Use simple multiplicative progression. Concept / Approach: Compute 9 × 10. Step-by-Step Solution: 7 × 8 = 56 confirms the rule.9 × 10 = 90. Verification / Alternative check: Competing rules (e.g., times 8) would give 72, which contradicts the first pair’s construction logic across n and n+1. Why Other Options Are Wrong: They are not equal to 9 × 10. Common Pitfalls: Applying a fixed multiplier rather than n + 1. Final Answer: 90

Question 15

Analogy (numbers) — “11 : 132 : : ?”. Infer the same mapping n*(n+1) for the correct pair.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: 11 × 12 = 132, suggesting the rule f(n) = n * (n + 1). We must select the pair that satisfies this mapping in the same form. Given Data / Assumptions: Both numbers should follow n and n*(n+1). Concept / Approach: Test each option. Step-by-Step Solution: 9 × 10 = 90 ✔10 × 11 = 110 ≠ 100 ✗13 × 14 = 182 ≠ 169 ✗ (169 = 13^2)15 × 16 = 240 ≠ 250 ✗14 × 15 = 210 ≠ 196 ✗ (196 = 14^2) Verification / Alternative check: Only “9 : 90” maintains n*(n+1). Why Other Options Are Wrong: They reflect n^2 or mismatched products. Common Pitfalls: Confusing square with pronic (n*(n+1)) numbers. Final Answer: 9 : 90

Question 16

Analogy (letters) — “AB : ZY :: CD : ?”. Apply the mirror-letter mapping (A↔Z, B↔Y, C↔X, D↔W).

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: AB maps to ZY via alphabet mirroring (A↔Z, B↔Y). Apply the same to CD. Given Data / Assumptions: A↔Z, B↔Y, C↔X, D↔W. Concept / Approach: Replace each letter with its mirror counterpart. Step-by-Step Solution: C → X, D → W → “XW”. Verification / Alternative check: Order must be preserved; not reversed. Why Other Options Are Wrong: They show other letter pairs or reversed order. Common Pitfalls: Confusing mirroring with reversing the string. Final Answer: XW

Question 17

Analogy (word reversal) — “FLOWER : REWOLF :: FRUITS : ?”. Reverse the letters of the second word to complete the pair.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: The mapping is simple reversal: FLOWER → REWOLF. Apply the same to FRUITS. Given Data / Assumptions: Exact reverse order, no substitutions. Concept / Approach: Reverse the string FRUITS → STIURF. Step-by-Step Solution: Write FRUITS.Reverse the letters → S T I U R F. Verification / Alternative check: Cross-check letter-by-letter to avoid transposition. Why Other Options Are Wrong: They introduce swaps or misordering. Common Pitfalls: Swapping adjacent letters inadvertently. Final Answer: STIURF

Question 18

Analogy — “Cholera : Anthrax : Diphtheria”. Choose the statement that correctly classifies the set.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: The three names listed are human diseases. The task is to identify the common scientific classification that best describes all of them. Given Data / Assumptions: Cholera is caused by Vibrio cholerae (bacterium). Anthrax is caused by Bacillus anthracis (bacterium). Diphtheria is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae (bacterium). Concept / Approach: Confirm that all belong to the same etiological class (bacterial). Avoid broader/ambiguous choices. Step-by-Step Solution: Map each disease → causative agent type.All three are bacterial in origin → select the explicit statement. Verification / Alternative check: Cross-check that none of the three is viral/plant-related/limited to the stomach. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Plant pests — incorrect domain.Pathogens — too broad; the diseases are not pathogens themselves.Infections of stomach — diphtheria is respiratory; anthrax affects skin/lungs/GI variably.Viral diseases — wrong agent class. Common Pitfalls: Choosing an over-broad classification (“pathogens”) rather than the precise shared cause. Final Answer: These are diseases caused by bacteria

Question 19

Analogy — “Spinach : Fenugreek : Celery”. Pick the statement that classifies them accurately.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: We are given three edible plants commonly consumed for their leaves/stalks. The task is to choose the correct classification that unites them. Given Data / Assumptions: Spinach (palak) — leafy vegetable. Fenugreek (methi) — leafy vegetable/herb. Celery — leaf stalks/leaves consumed; grouped with leafy greens in cuisine. Concept / Approach: Select the category that best describes typical culinary use and morphology (leaf/leaf-stalk). Step-by-Step Solution: Compare against options: cactus, wild flowers/plants, leafy vegetables, root vegetables.“Leafy vegetables” matches all three for everyday classification. Verification / Alternative check: Celery’s petioles are consumed but it is grouped with leafy greens; still consistent. Why Other Options Are Wrong: They mismatch botany/culinary use. Common Pitfalls: Overthinking botanical nuances; the question expects common culinary grouping. Final Answer: These are leafy vegetables

Question 20

Analogy — “Naive : Ingenue : Guileless”. Choose the statement that captures their shared meaning.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: “Naive,” “ingenue,” and “guileless” are semantically related words describing lack of craftiness or worldly deception. We must pick the statement that captures their shared core meaning. Given Data / Assumptions: Naive = inexperienced/simple in outlook. Ingenue = an innocent/unsophisticated young woman (theatrical/literary term). Guileless = without deceit. Concept / Approach: Extract the common semantic core: innocence/simplicity/lack of deceit. Step-by-Step Solution: Map each word → connotation.Select the statement matching all three. Verification / Alternative check: None of the terms are tied to crime or manners specifically; “ingenue” is used in drama to denote innocence. Why Other Options Are Wrong: They mismatch meaning or context. Common Pitfalls: Over-focusing on gendered nuance of “ingenue”; the shared idea is innocence. Final Answer: They depict various shades of innocence

Analogy Questions