Question 1

Arrange the following emotional states in a meaningful logical order from a mixed or uncertain state to increasing intensity of positive feeling: 1. Euphoria 2. Happiness 3. Ambivalence 4. Ecstasy 5. Pleasure. Which sequence is correct?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question deals with emotional states and asks you to arrange them in a logical order. The given words are Ambivalence, Happiness, Pleasure, Euphoria, and Ecstasy. You must think about how these states relate in terms of clarity and intensity of positive feeling. Logical sequence questions of this type test your understanding of subtle gradations in meaning and your ability to order abstract concepts sensibly. Given Data / Assumptions: 1. Euphoria 2. Happiness 3. Ambivalence 4. Ecstasy 5. Pleasure We interpret Ambivalence as a state of mixed or uncertain feelings, and Ecstasy as a peak of intense joy. Concept / Approach: We aim to move from a state of uncertainty to gradually stronger and more intense positive emotions. Ambivalence is a starting point where feelings are mixed, not clearly positive or negative. Happiness is a clear positive state. Pleasure is also positive and can be regarded as a somewhat more focused or sustained enjoyment. Euphoria represents a high level of happiness with intense excitement, and Ecstasy is an even more extreme and overwhelming positive experience. Therefore we arrange the words from the least certain positive state to the most intense one. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Place Ambivalence (3) first, as it reflects uncertainty or mixed emotions. Step 2: Once the uncertainty clears, a person can feel stable Happiness (2). Step 3: From a baseline of happiness, specific experiences and comforts produce a deeper sense of Pleasure (5). Step 4: When pleasure grows and becomes highly energised, the feeling becomes Euphoria (1), a state of intense elation. Step 5: Beyond euphoria lies Ecstasy (4), representing an extremely powerful, almost overwhelming joy. Step 6: The logical sequence is therefore 3, 2, 5, 1, 4. Verification / Alternative check: We can cross check by thinking of a scale of intensity. On one end we have a state where the direction of emotion is unclear, Ambivalence. Moving rightwards we encounter moderate and familiar positive emotions such as Happiness and then richer Pleasure. Farther along we see strong high energy states such as Euphoria, and at the extreme end, Ecstasy. This progression from uncertain to very intense positive feelings corresponds exactly to the order 3, 2, 5, 1, 4. No other option offers a comparably smooth and justified gradient in emotional intensity. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A (1, 4, 2, 5, 3) begins with Euphoria and Ecstasy and ends with Ambivalence, which reverses the natural order of intensity and mixes a peak state with uncertainty at the end. Option B (2, 1, 3, 4, 5) inserts Ambivalence after Euphoria, which is illogical because mixed feelings would not reasonably follow a peak of positive emotion. Option D (4, 1, 3, 2, 5) also places extreme states before mixed and moderate states, contradicting the idea of a gradual build in intensity. These sequences fail to reflect a coherent emotional progression. Common Pitfalls: Some learners focus only on dictionary definitions without considering how the words compare on a scale of intensity. Others confuse Pleasure and Happiness or treat them as interchangeable, which can lead to multiple possible orders. To avoid such pitfalls, imagine a person moving from confusion or mixed feelings towards greater and greater joy, and ask which word best fits each step along that journey. This conceptual approach usually makes the correct sequence clearer. Final Answer: The correct logical sequence is 3, 2, 5, 1, 4, which corresponds to Ambivalence, Happiness, Pleasure, Euphoria, and Ecstasy, matching option C.

Question 2

Arrange the following animals in a meaningful sequence of size, starting from the smallest animal and going up to the largest one: 1. Elephant 2. Cat 3. Mosquito 4. Tiger 5. Whale. Which of the following sequences correctly represents the order from…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This verbal reasoning question tests the ability to arrange given items in a logical and meaningful order. In this case, the items are animals of very different sizes, and the task is to understand their relative sizes in the real world and then place them in a sequence from the smallest animal to the largest animal. Given Data / Assumptions: We are given five animals with numbers attached: 1. Elephant, 2. Cat, 3. Mosquito, 4. Tiger, 5. Whale. The required order is from the smallest animal in size to the largest animal in size. No trick is involved with alphabetical order or food chain; the focus is purely on physical size. General world knowledge about approximate sizes of these animals is assumed. Concept / Approach: The main idea is to use common knowledge about animal sizes. A mosquito is far smaller than any of the mammals listed. A cat is much smaller than a tiger or an elephant. A tiger is a large wild cat, bigger than a domestic cat but still smaller than an elephant. Finally, among the listed animals, a whale is the largest. The correct sequence must respect this increasing order of physical size from very tiny to extremely large. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify the smallest animal. Clearly, a mosquito is the smallest, so number 3 comes first.Step 2: Next, compare a cat, tiger, elephant, and whale. Among these, a domestic cat is the smallest, so number 2 comes after 3.Step 3: Between tiger, elephant, and whale, the tiger is smaller than the elephant, and the whale is larger than the elephant. So the order continues with tiger as number 4.Step 4: After the tiger, the elephant is larger, so number 1 follows in the sequence.Step 5: The whale is the largest animal among the list, so number 5 must come last.Step 6: Putting all of these together, the increasing order of size is 3, 2, 4, 1, 5. Verification / Alternative check: An easy check is to quickly read the final sequence verbally: mosquito, cat, tiger, elephant, whale. This flows naturally from a tiny insect to a small pet, then a larger wild animal, then a very large land animal, and finally a giant sea creature. There is no other sensible way to arrange these animals in strictly increasing size that would remain consistent with basic real world knowledge. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A (5, 3, 1, 2, 4) starts with a whale, which is the largest, not the smallest. Option C (1, 3, 5, 4, 2) starts with an elephant and places a mosquito later, which breaks the smallest to largest requirement. Option D (2, 5, 1, 4, 3) incorrectly places a whale near the beginning and a mosquito at the end, which is completely opposite of reality. Therefore, these sequences do not reflect increasing size. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes misread the instruction and accidentally arrange from largest to smallest or think of factors like strength or danger instead of physical size. Another common mistake is to treat the order as arbitrary or to be influenced by the original numbering of the options instead of reasoning from real knowledge. It is important to carefully note that the question clearly specifies smallest to largest size as the criterion. Final Answer: The only sequence that correctly represents the order from the smallest animal to the largest animal is 3, 2, 4, 1, 5, which corresponds to mosquito, cat, tiger, elephant, and whale in increasing order of size.

Question 3

From the following four letter sequences, each built from four consecutive letters of the English alphabet, choose the one that does not follow the same positional pattern as the other three and is therefore the odd one out.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is an odd one out question based on letter sequences. All the options are arrangements of four consecutive letters from the English alphabet. The challenge is not simply to spot the group of letters but to observe the internal order or pattern in which these letters are arranged and then determine which sequence breaks that pattern. Given Data / Assumptions: Option A: PSRQ is formed from the letters P, Q, R, S. Option B: SVUT is formed from S, T, U, V. Option C: MNPO is formed from M, N, O, P. Option D: KNML is formed from K, L, M, N. In each case, the four letters come from a block of four consecutive letters in alphabetical order. Concept / Approach: First, identify the underlying block of letters for each option and then compare the relative position of each letter within that block. If three of the options follow one specific rearrangement pattern of positions and one option follows a different pattern, the latter option is the odd one out. Thus, the key idea is to map each letter to its index within the group of four and compare these index patterns across the answer choices. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: For PSRQ, the underlying block is P Q R S. In that natural order, the positions are P(1), Q(2), R(3), S(4). PSRQ corresponds to indices 1, 4, 3, 2.Step 2: For SVUT, the block is S T U V. In that natural order S(1), T(2), U(3), V(4). The given order S V U T again corresponds to 1, 4, 3, 2.Step 3: For KNML, the block is K L M N, with indices K(1), L(2), M(3), N(4). The sequence K N M L also corresponds to 1, 4, 3, 2.Step 4: For MNPO, the block is M N O P, with M(1), N(2), O(3), P(4). The given order M N P O corresponds to indices 1, 2, 4, 3.Step 5: Compare the index patterns. Options A, B, and D share the same pattern, 1, 4, 3, 2, while option C has a different pattern, 1, 2, 4, 3. Verification / Alternative check: An alternative way to verify this is to notice that in PSRQ, SVUT, and KNML, the second letter is the last letter of the underlying series, while the third and fourth letters are the third and second letters respectively. Only MNPO fails to follow this idea because, after the first two letters in correct alphabetical order, it swaps the last two in a different way. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Options A, B, and D behave consistently. They each use a four letter consecutive series and rearrange them in an identical positional pattern. Since the question asks for the sequence that does not follow the same pattern, these three are similar to each other and therefore not the correct odd one out choice. Common Pitfalls: Many learners only check whether the letters themselves are consecutive and may mistakenly think that there is no odd one out. Others simply look for a visual difference without analysing the order properly. Another error is to forget that each group is built from four sequential letters and instead treat them as arbitrary jumbles, which hides the consistent internal pattern in three of them. Final Answer: The only sequence whose internal order does not match the pattern followed by the other three is MNPO, so this option is the correct odd one out.

Question 4

The words of a jumbled sentence are numbered as follows: 1) is 2) at 3) TV 4) film 5) midnight 6) a 7) on 8) great 9) There. Choose the option that arranges these word numbers into a correct and meaningful English sentence.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question is a typical sentence arrangement problem from verbal reasoning. The words of a meaningful English sentence are broken into separate pieces and numbered. The student must reconstruct the sentence in correct grammatical order using the numbered words and then select the correct sequence of numbers from the options. Given Data / Assumptions: The numbered words are: 1) is, 2) at, 3) TV, 4) film, 5) midnight, 6) a, 7) on, 8) great, 9) There. Each option lists a specific order of these numbers. The final sentence must be grammatically correct and logically meaningful. The words should form a natural English statement about a film on television at midnight. Concept / Approach: Typically, such sentences start with a pronoun, article, or introductory word such as there, this, that, or it. After that, a verb like is will usually appear, followed by an article and an adjective before a noun. Prepositional phrases such as on TV and at midnight tend to come later in the sentence. Our job is to put these elements in a logical order that reads smoothly and correctly in English. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Start with word 9, There. It naturally begins a statement like this: There is a great film...Step 2: The next word should be the verb is, which is number 1: There is.Step 3: After is, we typically place an article and an adjective before the noun. So we use 6 (a) and 8 (great): There is a great.Step 4: The main noun is film, word 4. Now we have There is a great film.Step 5: The preposition on (7) plus TV (3) gives on TV: There is a great film on TV.Step 6: Finally, the phrase at midnight is formed from words 2 (at) and 5 (midnight): at midnight.Step 7: Putting it all together gives: There is a great film on TV at midnight, which corresponds exactly to the sequence 9, 1, 6, 8, 4, 7, 3, 2, 5. Verification / Alternative check: Read the reconstructed sentence aloud: There is a great film on TV at midnight. It is grammatically correct, uses all the given words exactly once, and expresses a clear and natural idea. No other combination of the given words yields such a smooth and familiar structure in English. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A puts on before film, giving There is a great on film TV..., which is awkward and incorrect. Option B misplaces the last two words, resulting in at midnight being scrambled. Option D starts with 9, 6 (There a is...), which breaks the standard subject verb order. Therefore, these options do not form a correct sentence. Common Pitfalls: Candidates may ignore normal English word order and simply try to follow the pattern in one of the options. Another common mistake is to place prepositions in the wrong locations or to mix up the order of TV and at midnight. The best strategy is to build the sentence mentally first and only then match the sequence with the given options. Final Answer: The correct and meaningful sentence is There is a great film on TV at midnight, which corresponds to the sequence 9, 1, 6, 8, 4, 7, 3, 2, 5.

Question 5

Five plays K, L, M, N and O are to be staged on five consecutive days from Monday to Friday. On each day only one play is staged. N or O cannot be either the first play staged on Monday or the last play staged on Friday. Play O must be staged immedi…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This logical sequencing question involves scheduling five different plays over five days of the week. The plays must follow a set of constraints about their relative positions. The aim is to determine which play will be staged second, not to write the entire timetable directly. This type of puzzle tests the ability to translate verbal conditions into positional relationships and systematically deduce a unique arrangement. Given Data / Assumptions: Five plays: K, L, M, N, O are to be staged from Monday to Friday. Only one play is staged per day, and each play is staged exactly once. N or O cannot be on the first or the last day. O is immediately followed by M, so the pair O M appears consecutively in that order. L is immediately after N, so the pair N L appears consecutively in that order. Exactly one play is staged between K and L. Concept / Approach: We treat the days as five slots from 1 to 5. The constraints form chains: O M and N L are fixed pairs. Since N and O cannot be first or last, we must consider possible positions for these pairs, then place K such that there is exactly one play between K and L. Finally, we verify which complete arrangement satisfies all the conditions simultaneously, and from that arrangement we read off the second play. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Because O must be followed by M, O M can occupy slots (1,2), (2,3), (3,4), or (4,5). But N and O cannot be first or last, which already restricts placement.Step 2: N must be immediately followed by L, so N L can occupy slots (1,2), (2,3), (3,4), or (4,5), but N also cannot be first or last.Step 3: Try constructing a valid schedule. A consistent arrangement that satisfies all constraints is K N L O M from Monday to Friday.Step 4: Check this arrangement: N and O are not first or last. O is directly before M. L follows N immediately. There is exactly one play (L) between K and L, since K is day 1 and L is day 3.Step 5: No alternative arrangement accommodates all conditions without contradiction, so K N L O M is the unique valid ordering. Verification / Alternative check: We can confirm uniqueness by trying to shift the pairs. If N L starts at day 1, N would be first, which is forbidden. If it starts at day 4, L would be last, forcing O M earlier and failing the single gap constraint with K. Testing other positions leads to conflicts with the adjacency and not-first-not-last restrictions, confirming K N L O M is the only consistent schedule. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A (L) would require L to be in second position, but L must come immediately after N, so N would then need to be first, which is not allowed. Option B (O) would push the O M pair too early and break other constraints. Option C (M) would mean O is first, again violating the rule. Only option D, N, fits the valid schedule derived from all constraints. Common Pitfalls: Many learners try to assign days randomly to plays without tracking all constraints simultaneously, leading to partial arrangements that seem correct but fail one hidden rule. Another frequent mistake is to forget that N and O are both barred from the first and last days. Drawing a simple table with slots 1 to 5 and writing the pairs consecutively is an effective way to avoid such errors. Final Answer: In the only valid arrangement K N L O M, the second play to be staged is N.

Question 6

Consider the alphabetic series HZF, IWH, KSJ, NNL, and a missing term. Each term follows a particular pattern in the positions of its three letters in the English alphabet. Following the same pattern, which of the following options correctly complet…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question asks us to find the next term in a three letter alphabetic series. Such questions are based on systematic changes in the positions of letters in the alphabet across the terms. The goal is to determine the underlying rule that controls the evolution of the first, second, and third letters, and then apply that rule to find the missing term from the given answer choices. Given Data / Assumptions: The given series is: HZF, IWH, KSJ, NNL, ? Each term has exactly three letters. The options for the missing term are THN, RGM, SHM, and RHN. We assume a regular pattern, often arithmetic, in the alphabet positions for each letter position within the terms. Concept / Approach: We convert letters to their alphabet positions: A is 1, B is 2, and so on up to Z as 26. Then, we look separately at the first, second, and third letters in each group, checking how their positions change from one term to the next. Typically, the pattern can be an increasing or decreasing sequence, sometimes with different increments, for each letter position. Once the pattern is recognized, we apply it to the last known term to predict the next term. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: First letters: H, I, K, N. Positions are H=8, I=9, K=11, N=14. Differences are +1, +2, +3. The next difference should be +4, so 14 + 4 = 18, which is R.Step 2: Second letters: Z, W, S, N. Positions are Z=26, W=23, S=19, N=14. Differences are -3, -4, -5. The pattern suggests decreasing differences, so next should be -6. Therefore, 14 - 6 = 8, which corresponds to H.Step 3: Third letters: F, H, J, L. Positions are F=6, H=8, J=10, L=12, which increase by +2 each time. The next term should therefore be 12 + 2 = 14, which is N.Step 4: Combining the deduced letters, the missing term is R H N.Step 5: Among the options, RHN exactly matches this pattern, confirming it as the correct answer. Verification / Alternative check: We can double check by confirming that no other option fits all three independent sequences. THN has T as its first letter, which would require a jump of +6 from N, breaking the increasing increment rule. RGM does not give the correct decreasing sequence for the second letter, and SHM fails both the first and second letter patterns. Only RHN maintains the evolving differences of +1, +2, +3, +4 for the first letters, -3, -4, -5, -6 for the second letters, and +2 consistently for the third letters. Why Other Options Are Wrong: THN has a first letter too far ahead, RGM gives G as the second letter instead of H, which does not continue the decreasing gap pattern, and SHM fails both the required first letter and second letter progression. Since the series has a very strict arithmetic structure, even a small violation of that pattern disqualifies an option. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes try to guess the answer by visual similarity alone or look only at one position, such as the first letter, without checking the other two. Another pitfall is forgetting to analyze the differences in positions rather than the raw positions. In alphabet series questions, breaking the problem into separate letter positions and tracking their numeric changes is essential. Final Answer: Following the pattern for all three letter positions, the correct next term in the series is RHN.

Question 7

Arrange the following words in a logical cause and effect sequence: 1. Rainbow 2. Rain 3. Sun 4. Happy 5. Child. Which option shows the correct meaningful order of these events or elements?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question asks for a meaningful sequence of events involving natural phenomena and human emotions. The words given are Rainbow, Rain, Sun, Happy, and Child. The goal is to arrange these in a logical cause and effect chain, respecting the typical way a rainbow is formed and how a child reacts to this colorful event in the sky. Given Data / Assumptions: 1. Rainbow, 2. Rain, 3. Sun, 4. Happy, 5. Child are the elements to arrange. We assume ordinary physical conditions that actually produce a rainbow. We also assume a typical emotional reaction of a child seeing a rainbow. The sequence should clearly reflect a natural process followed by a human response. Concept / Approach: In nature, a rainbow appears when light from the Sun passes through droplets of rain in the atmosphere and gets dispersed into different colors. Therefore, rain and sunlight must both be present before a rainbow can appear. After the rainbow appears, a child notices it and feels happy. So, the structure is: conditions (rain and sun), phenomenon (rainbow), observer (child), emotional reaction (happy). Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Start with Rain (2). Without rain, there are no droplets in the air to refract sunlight.Step 2: Add Sun (3). For a rainbow to appear, the Sun must shine while rain is still present in some part of the sky.Step 3: These two together produce Rainbow (1), as light is dispersed by raindrops.Step 4: Once a rainbow appears, a Child (5) looks at it. The child represents the observer in the sequence.Step 5: Finally, seeing the beautiful rainbow makes the child Happy (4). So the reaction comes at the end.Step 6: Thus, the ordered sequence is 2, 3, 1, 5, 4. Verification / Alternative check: Read the sequence aloud with the words: rain, sun, rainbow, child, happy. It clearly tells a story where natural events occur first and trigger a pleasant emotional response in the child. Any sequence that starts with happy or child before the natural phenomena would be less logical as it reverses cause and effect. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A (4, 2, 3, 5, 1) begins with Happy before anything has happened, which breaks the causal order. Option B (4, 5, 1, 2, 3) starts with Happy and Child and ends with physical causes, which is backwards. Option C (2, 1, 4, 5, 3) places the Sun last, even though sunlight is essential for the rainbow to exist. Therefore, these sequences are not consistent with the natural process and the typical human reaction. Common Pitfalls: Some learners focus only on the emotional aspect and want to put Happy early in the sequence. Others may overlook the requirement that both rain and sun are needed before a rainbow can appear. A systematic approach is to first arrange physical causes and then involve human observers and emotions at the end of the sequence. Final Answer: The correct meaningful order is rain, sun, rainbow, child, happy, which corresponds to the sequence 2, 3, 1, 5, 4.

Question 8

Arrange the following human body parts in a meaningful order from top to bottom as they appear in the human body: 1. Heel 2. Shoulder 3. Skull 4. Neck 5. Knee 6. Chest 7. Thigh 8. Stomach 9. Face 10. Hand. Which numbered sequence correctly represent…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This verbal reasoning question checks basic knowledge of human body anatomy and relative positions of body parts, from head to feet. The task is to place various labeled parts such as skull, face, neck, shoulder, chest, stomach, thigh, knee, heel, and hand in the order they appear when moving from the top of the body downwards. Given Data / Assumptions: The body parts and their numbers are: 1. Heel, 2. Shoulder, 3. Skull, 4. Neck, 5. Knee, 6. Chest, 7. Thigh, 8. Stomach, 9. Face, 10. Hand. We must arrange them from top (head) to bottom (feet). We consider a person standing upright and facing forward. Hands are attached at shoulder level and hang along the sides but are typically listed after shoulders and before the chest in such sequence questions. Concept / Approach: We start from the topmost part, which is the skull, then move down through facial and neck regions, followed by upper torso, arms, abdomen, thighs, knees, and finally heels at the bottom. We also consider how reasoning questions historically order the hand, usually around the shoulder level because the arms hang from the shoulders. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: The uppermost part is the Skull (3).Step 2: Just below the skull is the Face (9), which includes eyes, nose, and mouth.Step 3: Below the face is the Neck (4), which connects the head to the torso.Step 4: Next come the Shoulders (2), forming the upper part of the torso.Step 5: The Hands (10) are attached to the shoulder region and are usually placed immediately after the shoulders in such ordered lists.Step 6: Below the shoulders and above the stomach is the Chest (6).Step 7: Under the chest we have the Stomach (8).Step 8: Next comes the Thigh (7) region as we move further down the legs.Step 9: Below the thighs are the Knees (5).Step 10: Finally, the lowest part listed here is the Heel (1) at the back of the foot.Step 11: Combining everything, the order from top to bottom is 3, 9, 4, 2, 10, 6, 8, 7, 5, 1. Verification / Alternative check: Read the sequence as words: Skull, Face, Neck, Shoulder, Hand, Chest, Stomach, Thigh, Knee, Heel. This clearly traces a line from the head downwards, including arms and torso at the correct approximate levels. No body part is out of place relative to the others in vertical order. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A puts the Thigh before the Face and Skull, which is anatomically incorrect. Option C starts with Shoulder instead of the Skull. Option D starts with Neck and later places Skull at the end, which reverses head and neck. These sequences do not respect the actual arrangement of body parts from top to bottom. Common Pitfalls: Learners may be unsure where to place the Hand relative to the Chest and Shoulder because arms hang down. In reasoning questions, hands are typically grouped with the upper body near the shoulders. Mixing up the order of thigh, knee, and heel is another frequent error, especially under time pressure. Final Answer: The correct anatomical sequence from top to bottom is 3, 9, 4, 2, 10, 6, 8, 7, 5, 1.

Question 9

Complete the sentence by choosing the most appropriate verb: "Rita _____ into the cellar." Which of the following words best and most naturally fills the blank in standard English usage?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question tests vocabulary and correct verb usage in context. The sentence describes Rita moving into a cellar, and the key is to choose a verb that accurately conveys movement and direction in relation to that space. The cellar is generally a room or storage area located below ground level, so the proper verb must align with the idea of going downwards. Given Data / Assumptions: The incomplete sentence is: Rita _____ into the cellar. Option A: ascended. Option B: rescinded. Option C: descended. Option D: intended. We assume the word cellar refers to a basement or underground room, typically accessed by going down steps. Concept / Approach: We need to match each verb with its meaning and see which one logically fits the idea of movement into a cellar. Ascend means to go up, descend means to go down, rescind means to cancel an order or law, and intend relates to purpose rather than physical movement. Only a verb that expresses downward motion toward a lower level is appropriate when entering a cellar. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Consider ascended. Ascended means moved up or climbed upwards. Since a cellar is lower than the main floor, this does not fit.Step 2: Consider rescinded. Rescinded refers to revoking, cancelling, or withdrawing a rule, decision, or agreement. It does not describe physical motion.Step 3: Consider descended. Descended means moved downwards from a higher place to a lower place, which is exactly how one moves into a cellar.Step 4: Consider intended. Intended is related to planning or having a purpose in mind, not to physically entering a cellar.Step 5: Therefore, the only contextually and grammatically suitable verb is descended, giving the sentence: Rita descended into the cellar. Verification / Alternative check: We can verify by thinking about ordinary usage. People usually say a person descends into a cellar or goes down into a cellar. Phrases like ascended into the cellar or rescinded into the cellar sound unnatural and incorrect, confirming that descended is the natural and idiomatic choice. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Ascended (option A) describes upward movement and directly contradicts the idea of going into a lower underground space. Rescinded (option B) is used in legal or formal contexts when cancelling policies or decisions, not for physical movement. Intended (option D) refers to having a plan or aim, which does not complete the sentence in a grammatically or semantically correct way when followed by into the cellar. Common Pitfalls: Some learners may choose ascended simply because it sounds formal or sophisticated, ignoring the meaning of the word. Others may not be fully sure of the meanings of rescinded or intended and guess randomly. A good strategy is always to pair the physical context (cellar as a lower place) with the basic meaning of the verb, since vocabulary questions often rely on very simple but precise definitions. Final Answer: The appropriate verb that best completes the sentence is descended, giving the correct sentence Rita descended into the cellar.

Question 10

The six statements (A) to (F) form a jumbled paragraph about technology and its impact. Rearrange them to form a coherent and meaningful paragraph: (A) It causes a lot of physical problems especially for our eyes, body and mind. (B) Such a lifestyle…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a paragraph jumbled question where six independent sentences about technology and its impact must be arranged into a coherent, logically flowing paragraph. The correct arrangement should start with a broad statement, introduce examples, and then move toward the negative effects and lifestyle consequences of excessive technology use. Given Data / Assumptions: (E) Technology has advanced rapidly and man cannot seem to live without it now. (C) Innovative products such as computers, laptops, mobile phones, (F) iPads have made things easier for us, but it also has its disadvantages. (A) It causes a lot of physical problems especially for our eyes, body and mind. (D) Harmful radiation causes various terminal diseases. (B) Such a lifestyle makes man lazy and excessively dependent on machines. The correct paragraph must read smoothly and maintain consistent reference with pronouns such as it and such a lifestyle. Concept / Approach: We first identify the natural opening sentence that introduces the main theme. Then we look for sentences that provide examples of the theme. Next, we introduce a contrasting idea or limitation, followed by more detailed negative consequences, and finally a general concluding remark. Pronouns like it and such a lifestyle must refer clearly to previously mentioned ideas, so they help to fix the relative positions of those sentences. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Sentence E clearly introduces the topic: rapid advancement of technology and human dependence on it. This makes E the natural opening sentence.Step 2: Sentence C gives examples of technological products: computers, laptops, and mobile phones, which fits immediately after E as a continuation of the idea of technology.Step 3: Sentence F mentions iPads and states that they make life easier but have disadvantages. This flows naturally after listing other gadgets, so F follows C.Step 4: Sentence A uses the pronoun it, referring back to the use of these devices, and states that this causes physical problems. So A logically comes after F, where disadvantages are first introduced.Step 5: Sentence D elaborates on harmful radiation causing terminal diseases, expanding the health problems mentioned in A. Hence D follows A.Step 6: Sentence B then summarises the wider impact as a lifestyle issue, linking heavy dependence on these devices with laziness and reliance on machines, making it a natural concluding statement.Step 7: The final order is E C F A D B. Verification / Alternative check: Read the ordered paragraph: Technology has advanced rapidly and man cannot seem to live without it now. Innovative products such as computers, laptops, mobile phones, iPads have made things easier for us, but it also has its disadvantages. It causes a lot of physical problems especially for our eyes, body and mind. Harmful radiation causes various terminal diseases. Such a lifestyle makes man lazy and excessively dependent on machines. The paragraph flows smoothly and every pronoun has a clear antecedent. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A (E C B A D F) places B too early, before the disadvantages are fully described, and leaves F hanging at the end. Option C starts with D, which suddenly talks about harmful radiation without any context. Option D begins with D, then E, which reverses cause and explanation. These arrangements break coherence and logical progression. Common Pitfalls: Many candidates ignore pronoun references and simply guess based on topic similarity. Another common error is to place the concluding lifestyle remark (B) in the middle. Always look for the broad introduction, then examples, then specific disadvantages, and finally general lifestyle conclusions. Matching pronouns to their referents is a powerful technique in paragraph jumbles. Final Answer: The correct logical arrangement of the sentences is E C F A D B.

Question 11

Arrange the following structural elements in a meaningful construction sequence: 1. Ceiling 2. Room 3. Floor 4. Walls 5. Foundation. Which option correctly represents the logical order in which these parts exist when a room is built from the ground …

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This logical sequence question focuses on parts of a building and the order in which they are arranged from the bottom upwards when a room is constructed. The elements are foundation, walls, floor, ceiling, and the room as a complete enclosed space. Understanding basic building structure and vertical arrangement helps to determine the correct sequence. Given Data / Assumptions: 1. Ceiling, 2. Room, 3. Floor, 4. Walls, 5. Foundation. We are asked to arrange these in a meaningful order connected with construction from bottom to top. The foundation is always laid below the structure. Walls rise from the foundation and support the roof or ceiling. The floor is placed at a level above the foundation and within the walls. The room represents the finished enclosed space formed by floor, walls, and ceiling. Concept / Approach: The order should move from the deepest or earliest structural element to the final conceptual unit. First comes the foundation as the base layer. From that, walls are erected to form vertical boundaries. Inside that, the floor is laid and above, the ceiling is constructed to enclose the space. Once all of these are in place, the enclosed area forms what we call a room. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Start with the Foundation (5). It is the lowest structural component and must be laid before any other part of the building.Step 2: After the foundation, the Walls (4) are constructed vertically from it.Step 3: Within the boundary of the walls, the Floor (3) is provided as the surface on which people stand and place furniture.Step 4: The Ceiling (1) is constructed above, supported by the walls, enclosing the top of the structure.Step 5: Once the floor, walls, and ceiling are in place, together they form an enclosed Room (2).Step 6: Thus, the sequence from structural base to conceptual enclosure is 5, 4, 3, 1, 2. Verification / Alternative check: If we read the sequence aloud as words, we get Foundation, Walls, Floor, Ceiling, Room. This reads naturally as the process by which a room comes into existence. Any arrangement that places the room before its components or places the ceiling or floor before the foundation would be structurally illogical. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A (5, 4, 1, 3, 2) places the Ceiling before the Floor, which is unnatural in a conceptual vertical ordering. Option C and D start with Walls instead of Foundation, ignoring that walls must rest on a base. Therefore these options do not present a correct or meaningful construction-oriented sequence. Common Pitfalls: Some learners mistakenly treat the room as a simple component rather than as the final result formed by the other parts. Others may be unsure whether the floor comes before or after walls. In exam style reasoning, the foundation always comes first, the enclosing structural elements follow, and the conceptual entity like a room comes last. Final Answer: The correct construction sequence is 5, 4, 3, 1, 2, corresponding to Foundation, Walls, Floor, Ceiling, and finally Room.

Question 12

Arrange the following stages of human growth in a meaningful developmental sequence: 1. Adult 2. Child 3. Infant 4. Boy 5. Adolescent. Which option correctly represents the order from the earliest stage to the latest?

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Introduction / Context: This question tests understanding of normal human developmental stages. We are given five labels describing stages of life and are asked to place them in chronological order, starting from the earliest stage after birth and ending with adulthood. Such questions rely on basic general knowledge rather than complex calculations. Given Data / Assumptions: 1. Adult, 2. Child, 3. Infant, 4. Boy, 5. Adolescent. We assume a typical progression: infant to child to adolescent to adult. Boy in this context represents a male child, usually after the initial infant period. The sequence must reflect increasing age and maturity. Concept / Approach: Human development begins with infancy, then moves into childhood with early school years, then progresses into adolescence with puberty and teenage years, and finally into adulthood. The term boy here naturally falls between child and adolescent as a specific label for a growing male child beyond infancy. Adult is always the last stage among the given options. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: The earliest stage is Infant (3). This is the phase shortly after birth.Step 2: After infancy, the next broader stage is Child (2), which covers early childhood.Step 3: Boy (4) represents a growing male child, generally older than a small child but not yet an adolescent. Therefore it comes after the generic child stage.Step 4: Next is Adolescent (5), which represents the teenage years and the period of puberty.Step 5: Finally, the fully grown stage is Adult (1).Step 6: Putting this all together, the correct chronological order is 3, 2, 4, 5, 1. Verification / Alternative check: Read the sequence as words: Infant, Child, Boy, Adolescent, Adult. It clearly reflects natural progression from babyhood to early childhood, then to a somewhat older boy, then to adolescence, and finally adulthood. Any other arrangement that places Adult earlier or Infant later would violate common sense. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A starts with Adult, which is clearly not the earliest stage. Option B begins with Child and then Infant, which reverses the correct order. Option C places Adult before Adolescent, which is again out of order. Thus, none of these alternatives represent the full life sequence correctly. Common Pitfalls: Sometimes candidates confuse the labels Child and Boy, but in such questions the intention is to treat Infant as the earliest stage, Adult as the latest, and arrange the others based on intuition about age. Overthinking the exact definitions of each term is unnecessary; basic life progression is sufficient to answer correctly. Final Answer: The correct developmental sequence from earliest to latest is 3, 2, 4, 5, 1, corresponding to Infant, Child, Boy, Adolescent, and Adult.

Question 13

Consider the numbers 376, 438, 476, 389 and 567. In each number, the first and second digits are to be interchanged (for example, ABC becomes BAC). After this interchange, the resulting numbers are arranged in descending order. Which original number…

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Introduction / Context: This problem combines number manipulation with ordering. The numbers given must first be transformed by swapping their first two digits, and only then should they be arranged in descending order. The question asks which original number will occupy the second place in the descending list after this transformation, so we must track both the changed values and their original identities. Given Data / Assumptions: The original numbers are 376, 438, 476, 389, and 567. For each number ABC, we interchange the first two digits to form BAC. After transformation, we arrange the new numbers in descending (largest to smallest) order. We must identify which original number corresponds to the second largest transformed number. Concept / Approach: The important idea is that we cannot simply compare the original numbers, because the ordering decision is based on the modified numbers after swapping the first two digits. Therefore, we calculate the transformed value for each original number, pair each original with its transformed value, and then sort by the transformed values in descending order. The second highest transformed value corresponds to the required original number. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Transform 376. Swapping the first two digits gives 736.Step 2: Transform 438. Swapping the first two digits gives 348.Step 3: Transform 476. Swapping the first two digits gives 746.Step 4: Transform 389. Swapping the first two digits gives 839.Step 5: Transform 567. Swapping the first two digits gives 657.Step 6: Now list the transformed numbers with their originals: 376 -> 736, 438 -> 348, 476 -> 746, 389 -> 839, 567 -> 657.Step 7: Arrange the transformed numbers in descending order: 839, 746, 736, 657, 348.Step 8: The highest transformed value is 839 from original 389; the second highest is 746 from original 476. Verification / Alternative check: We can recheck by quickly comparing the transformed values: 839 is clearly the largest three digit number among them, followed by 746, then 736, 657, and 348. Thus, there is no ambiguity about the second place. Carefully ensuring that each swap was carried out correctly prevents simple digit errors. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A (376) produces 736, which is the third largest transformed number, not the second. Option B (567) transforms to 657, which is only fourth in order. Option C (389) gives the largest transformed number 839, not the second largest. Therefore, these choices do not answer the question as asked. Common Pitfalls: A frequent mistake is to compare or sort the original numbers instead of the transformed ones, or to mis-swap digits like 476 into 467. Another pitfall is forgetting that the question asks for the original number in the second position, not the transformed one. Systematic calculation and clear pairing of original and transformed values help avoid errors. Final Answer: The original number whose transformed value is second in descending order is 476.

Question 14

Arrange the following words in a meaningful cause and effect order: 1. Rainbow 2. Rain 3. Sun 4. Happy 5. Child. Which option shows the logical sequence of these elements from natural events to emotional reaction?

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Introduction / Context: This is another logical sequence question using the same set of words: Rainbow, Rain, Sun, Happy, and Child. The intention is again to form a narrative that begins with natural weather conditions, proceeds to the appearance of a rainbow, and ends with the emotional response of a child who sees it. Given Data / Assumptions: 1. Rainbow, 2. Rain, 3. Sun, 4. Happy, 5. Child. Rain and sunlight together are required to produce a rainbow. A child sees the rainbow and feels happy. The sequence should respect this physical and emotional cause and effect relationship. Concept / Approach: We must first establish the natural conditions in the sky: rain and sun. When these coincide in a particular way, a rainbow becomes visible. After that, we introduce the observer, a child, and finally the emotional response, happiness. That gives us a clear four step story: rain and sun, rainbow forms, child sees the rainbow, child becomes happy. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Start with Rain (2) because without water droplets, there is no rainbow.Step 2: Then come the rays of the Sun (3), which interact with the raindrops.Step 3: As a result of rain and sunlight, a Rainbow (1) appears in the sky.Step 4: A Child (5) looks at or notices the rainbow.Step 5: The child becomes Happy (4) after seeing the rainbow.Step 6: Therefore, the correct sequence is 2, 3, 1, 5, 4. Verification / Alternative check: Reading it as words: Rain, Sun, Rainbow, Child, Happy. This reads like a small story and follows real world logic. Any mention of happy or child preceding the rainbow would reverse cause and effect and feel unnatural. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A starts with Happy, which is an effect rather than a cause. Option C puts Happy and Child initially, and then moves to almost random order of natural phenomena. Option D places Rainbow immediately after Rain and puts Happy before Sun, which breaks the required physics of rainbow formation. None of these match the natural order of events. Common Pitfalls: One common confusion is to interchange Rain and Sun or to place Child too early. Another issue is treating Happy as just another noun rather than an emotional consequence. To avoid these mistakes, always ask what must happen first in reality and what comes as a result of that. Final Answer: The logical sequence that respects both natural phenomena and emotional reaction is 2, 3, 1, 5, 4.

Question 15

Seven persons P, Q, R, S, T, U and V are standing on different steps of a vertical ladder, one person per step. P is higher up the ladder than T but lower than R. Q stands exactly in the middle position. V is somewhere between P and Q. T is between …

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Introduction / Context: This arrangement problem involves seven people standing on different steps of a ladder. The ladder is vertical and each person occupies exactly one distinct step. Various relative position clues are given. The question asks who is at the very bottom, so we need to determine the full order from bottom to top or at least enough of it to identify the lowest person. Given Data / Assumptions: Persons: P, Q, R, S, T, U, V. Q stands in the middle, so Q is on the 4th step if there are 7 steps. P is higher than T but lower than R. V is between P and Q. T is between Q and U. U is between T and S. We assume bottom step is the lowest and top step is the highest, and that up means a higher step number. Concept / Approach: We interpret each relational statement as an inequality in vertical order. Placing Q in the middle gives us a fixed reference point. Then we use the between relationships to form chains like S above U above T and T above Q or Q above T depending on the order. By carefully testing and combining these chains, we can derive a unique sequence of all seven persons on the ladder. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Place Q on the 4th step (middle position).Step 2: T is between Q and U, and U is between T and S. This implies S is above U and U is above T, or S is below U and U is below T. But since T must be between Q and U and U between T and S, the consistent chain from bottom to top becomes S, U, T, Q or Q, T, U, S. However, T is said to be between Q and U, so Q and U must be on opposite sides of T. Combined with U between T and S, the correct chain is S (bottom), U, T, Q upward.Step 3: P is higher than T but lower than R. Since T is below Q in our chain, P must be above T and can be placed above Q or just above T if consistent with other constraints.Step 4: V is between P and Q. This means Q and P are on opposite sides of V. Because Q is already fixed in the middle, V must lie between Q and P in the vertical order.Step 5: A consistent full arrangement that satisfies all conditions is from bottom to top: S, U, T, Q, V, P, R.Step 6: In this arrangement, S is clearly on the bottom step. Verification / Alternative check: Check all conditions against S, U, T, Q, V, P, R. Q is in the middle (4th). P is higher than T but lower than R. V is between P and Q. T is between Q and U, and U is between T and S. All relationships hold without contradiction, which confirms that the derived ordering is valid and unique for the purpose of identifying the lowest person. Why Other Options Are Wrong: R is at the top in the valid ordering, not at the bottom. U and T are both above S. No arrangement with R, U, or T at the bottom can satisfy all the given between and middle position constraints at the same time. Therefore, options B, C, and D are inconsistent with the conditions when checked systematically. Common Pitfalls: Many candidates misinterpret the phrase between and treat it as simply below or above. Another common mistake is to forget that Q must be exactly in the middle. Without fixing Q first, it becomes difficult to handle the chain of between relationships. Drawing a vertical ladder diagram with labelled steps often makes such puzzles much easier to solve. Final Answer: The person who stands on the bottom step of the ladder is S.

Question 16

Arrange the following related words in a meaningful hierarchy: 1. Flat 2. Home 3. Building 4. Society 5. Place. Which option correctly represents the logical order from the largest or most general entity to the smallest or most specific one?

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Introduction / Context: This question asks for a meaningful arrangement of place related terms forming a spatial or conceptual hierarchy. The words given are Flat, Home, Building, Society, and Place. We must arrange them from a broad concept to a specific living unit, reflecting how a locality can be subdivided into smaller units of residence. Given Data / Assumptions: 1. Flat, 2. Home, 3. Building, 4. Society, 5. Place. Place represents a general geographical area or locality. Society represents a residential complex within a place. Building is one structure within a society. Flat is one unit within a building. Home is the personal living space within a flat. Concept / Approach: We imagine a large area such as a city or locality as Place. Within a place there may be several housing societies. Each society often contains multiple buildings. Each building has several flats, and one flat becomes a home for a family or person. The best sequence therefore moves from broad to narrow, or from external environment to individual living unit. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: The most general term is Place (5). Many societies can exist within one place.Step 2: Next comes Society (4), such as a residential complex or colony within the place.Step 3: Inside a society there are multiple Buildings (3), so building is more specific than society.Step 4: Each building has several Flats (1) as separate dwelling units.Step 5: Finally, when a flat is occupied and personalized, it becomes a Home (2) for the residents, which is the most specific concept listed.Step 6: Thus, the correct hierarchy is 5, 4, 3, 1, 2. Verification / Alternative check: Read the sequence as words: Place, Society, Building, Flat, Home. It moves from a large region to a residential complex, then to a single building, then to a single unit, and lastly to the emotional concept of that unit as a personal home. No smaller element appears before a larger one, so the hierarchy is consistent. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option B ends with Flat rather than Home, missing the idea that a flat becomes a home. Option C starts with Society and ends with Place, which reverses the general to specific logic. Option D begins with Society instead of Place, skipping the larger region. Thus, only option A presents the correct ordering from broadest to most specific. Common Pitfalls: Test takers may confuse Flat and Home or think of Home as synonymous with Flat. In reasoning questions, Flat is treated as a physical unit, whereas Home conveys a personal sense of residence. Remembering that home is built within a flat helps to place these correctly. Another pitfall is underestimating the role of Place as a very general larger category above society. Final Answer: The meaningful hierarchical order from general to specific is 5, 4, 3, 1, 2.

Question 17

Vishal, Priyatham, Raghu, Karthik and Veeru are five friends. Vishal is twice as old as Priyatham. Raghu is half the age of Priyatham. Vishal is half the age of Veeru and Raghu is twice the age of Karthik. Based on these relationships, who is the yo…

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Introduction / Context: This is an age based reasoning question involving ratios and relative comparisons. The relationships between the ages of five people are given in terms of fractions and multiples. The task is to determine who is youngest, which means we must express all ages in terms of one base variable and then compare them. Given Data / Assumptions: Let the age of Priyatham be P years. Vishal is twice as old as Priyatham, so Vishal is 2P. Raghu is half the age of Priyatham, so Raghu is P / 2. Vishal is half the age of Veeru, so Veeru is 2 times Vishal, that is 4P. Raghu is twice the age of Karthik, so Raghu = 2Karthik. Concept / Approach: We start by expressing all ages in terms of P, then solve for the age of Karthik using the relationship with Raghu. After we have expressions for each friend, we compare their numeric factors relative to P. The person with the smallest factor of P will be the youngest, because P itself is positive and common. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Take Priyatham's age as P.Step 2: Vishal is twice Priyatham, so Vishal = 2P.Step 3: Raghu is half Priyatham, so Raghu = P / 2.Step 4: Vishal is half Veeru, so Veeru = 2 * Vishal = 4P.Step 5: Raghu is twice Karthik, so P / 2 = 2 * Karthik, which implies Karthik = P / 4.Step 6: Now we have ages: Priyatham = P, Vishal = 2P, Raghu = P / 2, Veeru = 4P, and Karthik = P / 4.Step 7: Compare the multiples and fractions: P / 4, P / 2, P, 2P, 4P. The smallest value is P / 4.Step 8: Therefore, Karthik, with age P / 4, is the youngest. Verification / Alternative check: We can imagine a simple numeric example. Let P = 4 years for convenience. Then Vishal is 8, Raghu is 2, Veeru is 16, and Karthik is 1 year old. Comparing 4, 8, 2, 16 and 1 clearly shows that Karthik is the youngest. This numeric substitution confirms our algebraic conclusion. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Veeru has the largest age factor 4P, making him the oldest, not the youngest. Vishal is 2P, which is double Priyatham and also older. Raghu is P / 2, which is older than P / 4. Therefore, options A, C, and D do not represent the youngest friend. Common Pitfalls: Some learners stop after identifying that Raghu is half of Priyatham and think he might be the youngest, forgetting that Karthik is related to Raghu by another halving. Another error is mixing up half and double relationships, especially when several are chained. Writing all ages in terms of a single variable P is the safest method. Final Answer: The youngest among the five friends is Karthik.

Question 18

Complete the sentence by choosing the most appropriate pair of words: "The policy on foreign direct investment in multi brand retail may be _______ in a political impasse, but big retail chains are using India as a sourcing base and making an ______…

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Introduction / Context: This is a double blank sentence completion question. It tests vocabulary, collocation, and the ability to choose the correct word based on both meaning and grammatical usage. The sentence discusses a policy on foreign direct investment in multi brand retail and its political and economic consequences. Given Data / Assumptions: The sentence to complete is: The policy on foreign direct investment in multi brand retail may be _______ in a political impasse, but big retail chains are using India as a sourcing base and making an _________ on local businesses. Option A: Caught, impact. Option B: Caught, effect. Option C: Fetched, affect. Option D: Fetching, impact. We need both semantic correctness and standard English collocations. Concept / Approach: We analyse both blanks separately and also check the natural collocation of words in standard English. A policy can be caught in an impasse, which is a common phrase. For the second blank, the usual fixed expression is make an impact on something, not make an effect on something. Additionally, we must distinguish between effect (noun) and affect (verb) and between caught (past participle of catch) and fetched or fetching, which have different typical uses. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: First blank. The phrase caught in a political impasse is idiomatic and describes a situation where progress is blocked. Neither fetched in a political impasse nor fetching in a political impasse is standard usage.Step 2: Therefore, the first word must be caught.Step 3: Second blank. The expression making an impact on local businesses is a common collocation meaning having a strong influence or effect.Step 4: The phrase making an effect is uncommon and awkward, even though effect is a noun. Making an affect is grammatically incorrect because affect is usually a verb.Step 5: So, impact is the correct choice for the second blank.Step 6: Combining these, the best pair is caught and impact, which corresponds to option A. Verification / Alternative check: Insert the chosen words into the sentence and read it: The policy on foreign direct investment in multi brand retail may be caught in a political impasse, but big retail chains are using India as a sourcing base and making an impact on local businesses. The sentence is smooth, idiomatic, and conveys a clear, natural meaning. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option B uses effect after making an, but making an effect is not standard phrasing. Option C introduces fetched in a political impasse, which is semantically wrong, and affect as a noun. Option D uses fetching, which means attractive or charming, and does not make sense in the first blank. So only option A provides both correct meanings and natural collocations. Common Pitfalls: Students may be tempted by effect because they know it is related to impact, but ignore the collocation make an impact. Confusion between affect and effect is also common; affect is usually a verb, while effect is a noun. Paying attention to standard phrases and idioms in English helps to avoid such mistakes. Final Answer: The pair that correctly completes the sentence is Caught, impact.

Question 19

Choose the word that best completes the sentence: "His recent success ______ him more arrogant than what he used to be." Which of the following options gives the grammatically correct and meaningful form of the verb?

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Introduction / Context: This is a basic grammar and tense question. The sentence describes a completed action in the recent past that has a present effect on the person, namely that he is now more arrogant. The correct verb form needs to agree with the singular subject and fit this usage of recent change with current impact. Given Data / Assumptions: Sentence: His recent success ______ him more arrogant than what he used to be. Option A: make. Option B: have make. Option C: was making. Option D: has made. The subject of the verb is his recent success, which is singular. Concept / Approach: We are usually describing a situation where some event has changed a person's nature or behaviour. English often uses the present perfect tense in such cases: has made him more confident, has made her stronger, and so on. The verb also must agree with a singular subject (success), so it must be has rather than have. The base verb make needs a past participle made for perfect tenses. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Check Option A: make. The phrase his recent success make him is grammatically incorrect for a singular subject; it should be makes, and even that would not convey the same completed effect as well as a perfect tense.Step 2: Check Option B: have make. This is grammatically incorrect; the correct perfect construction requires have made with a plural subject or has made with a singular one.Step 3: Check Option C: was making. This is past continuous tense, which suggests an ongoing process in the past, not a completed change leading to current arrogance.Step 4: Check Option D: has made. This is present perfect tense with a singular subject, and it correctly expresses that the recent success has already changed him and the effect continues now.Step 5: Therefore, has made is the correct and most natural choice. Verification / Alternative check: Read the complete sentence: His recent success has made him more arrogant than what he used to be. It sounds natural, grammatical, and clearly expresses a change resulting from success that still affects the present behaviour. No other option provides this clarity and correctness. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Make (option A) lacks subject verb agreement and tense clarity. Have make (option B) is not a valid verb phrase. Was making (option C) suggests an action ongoing in the past and does not match the idea of a now established personality change. Only has made correctly handles tense and agreement. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes choose simple present or past continuous forms without considering aspect. For life changes due to recent events, the present perfect tense is very common. Keeping in mind the pattern has or have plus past participle helps to answer similar questions correctly. Final Answer: The grammatically correct and meaningful completion is has made.

Question 20

Arrange the following words in a meaningful production sequence connected with food: 1. Grain 2. Plant 3. Sandwich 4. Bread 5. Dough. Which option correctly represents the logical order from the starting stage in agriculture to the final prepared fo…

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Introduction / Context: This question asks for a logical sequence that tracks the journey from plant based raw material to a final ready to eat food item. The words given represent stages in the process of producing a sandwich, starting from agriculture and ending at the prepared dish. Given Data / Assumptions: 1. Grain, 2. Plant, 3. Sandwich, 4. Bread, 5. Dough. Wheat or another cereal grain grows on a plant. Grain can be milled into flour, which with water and other ingredients forms dough. Dough is baked into bread. A sandwich is prepared using bread along with fillings. Concept / Approach: The idea is to order these items by the process chain. We start with the most basic entity in nature (plant), move to harvested grain, then to a processed intermediate such as dough, then to a baked product like bread, and finish with a composed dish such as a sandwich. Each stage depends on the previous one, so the sequence must respect this dependency. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: The initial stage is the Plant (2), because grain grows on plants in fields.Step 2: The next stage is Grain (1), which is harvested from the plant.Step 3: Grain is milled into flour and mixed with water and other ingredients to form Dough (5).Step 4: Dough is baked to produce Bread (4).Step 5: Finally, slices of bread are used to make a Sandwich (3) by adding fillings.Step 6: Thus, the logical progression is 2, 1, 5, 4, 3. Verification / Alternative check: Check by reading the sequence aloud: Plant, Grain, Dough, Bread, Sandwich. This is a realistic chain of production. Any attempt to place dough before grain, or sandwich before bread, would break the logical process of preparation. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A starts with Grain and then Plant, which reverses the agricultural order. Option B skips the dough stage in its correct position. Option D also misplaces dough and bread. None of these alternatives follow the actual food preparation steps accurately. Common Pitfalls: Sometimes students overlook dough as a separate stage and attempt to go directly from grain to bread. However, dough is a key intermediate. Another pitfall is treating plant and grain as interchangeable. In reality, grain is the product of the plant, so plant must come first. Final Answer: The correct production sequence from agriculture to finished food item is 2, 1, 5, 4, 3.

Logical Sequence of Words Questions