Statement: Ten coaches of a passenger train have derailed, blocking both up and down tracks. Courses of Action: I. Immediately send men and equipment to clear the tracks. II. Divert trains running in both directions via alternative routes.

Introduction / Context:
A derailment blocking both pairs of tracks halts traffic and risks cascading delays. Immediate engineering response and traffic management are both necessary.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Both directions blocked at the site.
• Alternative routes exist for at least some trains.
• Clearing requires heavy equipment and time.

Concept / Approach:
I restores capacity at the incident site. II reduces network congestion and passenger hardship during clearance operations.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Mobilise cranes, rescue, track repair teams; secure the area and treat the injured.2) Reroute/divert trains; issue passenger advisories and dynamic rescheduling.3) After clearance, conduct safety inspection before reopening.

Verification / Alternative check:
Combined action minimises disruption; doing only one is insufficient.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Only I/Only II/Either: undervalues complementarity; Neither: ignores urgency.

Common Pitfalls:
Poor passenger communication; inadequate crowd management at junctions.

Final Answer:
Both I and II follow.