Statement: Asthma cases are rising, especially in large cities. Courses of Action: I. Civic bodies should ensure adequate supply of asthma medicines at reasonable prices. II. Authorities should control vehicular emissions and urban air pollution rigorously. III. Unauthorized tree cutting should be punished severely to protect urban green cover.

Introduction / Context:Asthma prevalence correlates with air pollutants (PM, NOx, ozone) and loss of urban green buffers. Long-term mitigation targets sources, while health-system measures address acute needs.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• City air quality is a major driver of asthma.
• Green cover moderates particulates and heat islands.

Concept / Approach:Source control (II) is foundational: inspection/maintenance of vehicles, fuel standards, congestion management, dust control. Protecting trees (III) sustains absorption and microclimate benefits. While medicine availability (I) helps patients, the civic authority’s primary lever is environmental control; pharmacies/hospitals typically manage supply.

Step-by-Step Solution:1) Tighten emission norms and monitoring (II).2) Enforce tree-felling penalties; expand planting, protect roadside avenues (III).3) Coordinate with health departments for access to care.

Verification / Alternative check:Pollution abatement policies consistently reduce respiratory morbidity; greening aids exposure reduction.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:Choosing only II or only III is incomplete; focusing solely on medicines overlooks root causes.

Common Pitfalls:Short-term fogging or episodic drives without structural emission control.

Final Answer:Both II and III follow.