Cause & Effect — Identify the Relationship: I. A recent tiger census in a state tiger reserve reported a significant reduction compared to the last census. II. The government initiated an inquiry to ascertain facts about the state’s tiger population. Which option best captures the causal link between I and II?

Introduction / Context:
A wildlife census indicates decline; the government orders an inquiry. We must determine the cause–effect direction.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• I: Reported population reduction.
• II: Inquiry initiated to ascertain facts.
• Governments commonly investigate negative indicators revealed by official counts.

Concept / Approach:
Adverse measurement (I) is the trigger; inquiry (II) is the response. Hence I→II.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Absent I, II lacks an immediate stated trigger in the stem; reversing direction is illogical.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
They misstate direction or deny linkage.

Common Pitfalls:
Overcomplicating straightforward administrative causality.

Final Answer:
Option A: Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect.