Cause & Effect — Identify the Relationship: I. A majority of residents in a housing society attended a dinner hosted by one member. II. Most residents routinely invite other members to functions at their homes. Which option best captures the causal link between I and II?
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AIf statement (I) is the cause and statement (II) is its effect.
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BIf statement (II) is the cause and statement (I) is its effect.
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CIf both statements (I) and (II) are independent causes.
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DIf both statements (I) and (II) are effects of independent causes.
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EIf (I) and (II) are unrelated facts.
Answer
Correct Answer: If statement (II) is the cause and statement (I) is its effect.
Explanation
Introduction / Context:The item contrasts a culture of mutual invitations with high attendance at a particular dinner. We must test which implies which.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- II describes a general norm: frequent invitations among residents.
- I describes an instance: majority attendance at one dinner.
Concept / Approach:Norms drive participation. If members routinely invite and attend one another’s functions (II), then a large turnout at a specific dinner (I) is a natural effect.
Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Establish general → particular: culture (II) → event turnout (I).2) Thus, II causes I.Verification / Alternative check:One crowded dinner cannot by itself create a society-wide invitation culture; hence I→II is weak.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:They invert direction or sever an obvious social link.
Common Pitfalls:Confusing single-event popularity with long-standing social norms.
Final Answer:Option B: Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.