Difficulty: Easy
Correct Answer: If I is the immediate cause and II is its effect.
Explanation:
Introduction / Context:
The stem contrasts a general psychological mechanism (I) with a specific observed outcome (II). The question is whether the general cause can immediately explain the specific effect.
Given Data / Assumptions:
Concept / Approach:
When a general causal statement maps cleanly onto a concrete case that exemplifies it, treating I as cause and II as effect is justified. The frequent losses in finals are consistent with the effect of pressure described in I.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Verification / Alternative check:
Other factors (strategy, fitness) may coexist, but the question seeks the most immediate causal reading given the pair. I best explains II in the context supplied.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
B reverses causality; C/D deny an evident link; “None” is unnecessary.
Common Pitfalls:
Over-demanding exclusivity of cause; here “immediate cause” means a proximate, credible driver, not the sole determinant.
Final Answer:
If I is the immediate cause and II is its effect.
Discussion & Comments