Introduction / Context:
We are told book Z is the only one focusing on poverty in India during 1950–1980. We test: (I) there was no poverty before 1950; (II) no other book deals with poverty in India in 1950–1980. We must accept only what is directly implied by 'only book' within the specified period.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- Uniqueness claim for the period 1950–1980 (focus on poverty in India).
- Conclusion I: No poverty before 1950 (a historical claim beyond the statement).
- Conclusion II: No other book covers poverty in India for 1950–1980.
Concept / Approach:
- 'Only book' for a time window implies exclusivity relative to other books for that same window.
- It says nothing about times outside the window (before 1950), so we cannot infer I.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Reject I: The sentence does not discuss pre-1950 poverty conditions.Accept II: 'Only book' for 1950–1980 implies no other book focuses on that subject for that period.
Verification / Alternative check:
Even if numerous books exist for other years, the uniqueness within 1950–1980 is preserved, satisfying II.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
'Only I' and 'Both' contradict the scope; 'Neither' ignores the explicit exclusivity claim; 'Either' is invalid since only II follows.
Common Pitfalls:
Projecting the statement beyond its specified time frame.
Final Answer:
Only conclusion II follows
Discussion & Comments