Question 1

Statement & Assumption — “Nowadays some people have made it a business to organise rallies and demonstrations against big projects, citing environmental and social reasons.”  Which assumptions are implicit? I. Big projects are necessary. II. Environ…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The statement alleges that some organisers leverage “environmental and social reasons” to mobilise rallies against big projects, treating it like a business. The necessary premise is about the motivational power of those reasons for crowd mobilisation, not the inherent necessity of big projects.Given Data / Assumptions:Rallies are organised against big projects.Organisers cite environmental/social reasons.They do it as a “business,” implying predictable turnout/attention.Concept / Approach:For such a “business” to work, the cited reasons must reliably attract participants (Assumption II). Whether big projects are necessary (Assumption I) is not required to explain the organisers’ behaviour; the claim critiques motives/tactics, not the absolute value of large projects.Step-by-Step Solution:Test II: If environmental/social appeals did not draw people, the “business” model would fail. Hence II is implicit.Test I: The allegation stands irrespective of whether big projects are necessary; thus I is not implicit.Verification / Alternative check:Mobilisation logic depends on salience and resonance of reasons with the public—captured by II.Why Other Options Are Wrong:Options featuring I inject a policy stance not needed to support the allegation.Common Pitfalls:Conflating a critique of tactics/organisers with a blanket endorsement of big projects.Final Answer:Only Assumption II is implicit.

Question 2

Statement & Assumption — “Various state governments will compete to announce cash prizes they intend to give Olympic medal-winners.”  Which assumptions are implicit? I. Such announcements will boost the morale of players. II. Winning an Olympic meda…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The prediction that states will “compete” to announce prizes suggests a reputational or pride dimension. While prize schemes can also aim at athlete morale, that is not essential to explain inter-state competition.Given Data / Assumptions:States are expected to vie in public announcements of cash rewards.Target: Olympic medal-winners.Concept / Approach:Competition among states over reward announcements presupposes the symbolic value of medals to a state’s image (Assumption II). By contrast, boosting athletes’ morale (Assumption I) may be a benefit but is not necessary to explain why governments would compete in announcements.Step-by-Step Solution:Assumption II: If medals were not a matter of state pride, competitive announcements would lack political/ reputational motive. Hence II is implicit.Assumption I: Even if morale effects exist, they are not required to explain the predicted behaviour. Not implicit.Verification / Alternative check:Publicly visible rewards often serve signalling objectives—aligning with II.Why Other Options Are Wrong:Including I mistakenly treats an incidental benefit as a necessary premise.Common Pitfalls:Assuming every incentive is designed primarily for intrinsic athlete motivation rather than public signalling.Final Answer:Only Assumption II is implicit.

Question 3

Statement & Assumption — “The textbook variety of the profession and practice of democracy has not worked in countries like India where ground realities are different.”  Which assumptions are implicit? I. Democracy is not suitable for poor countries…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The statement contrasts “textbook” democracy with “ground realities” in countries like India, attributing failure to contextual differences, not to poverty per se.Given Data / Assumptions:Textbook models may not transfer well across contexts.India’s realities are “different.”Concept / Approach:Assumption II is necessary: without cross-country differences in ground realities, blaming the textbook model’s failure on misfit makes no sense. Assumption I (unsuitability for poor countries) adds an unstated economic qualifier and overgeneralises beyond the text.Step-by-Step Solution:Deny II: If realities did not differ, the explanation collapses. Hence II is implicit.I: Not required and not mentioned; poverty is not the stated factor.Verification / Alternative check:Implementation failure arguments often rest on context-sensitivity—precisely II.Why Other Options Are Wrong:I injects an economic claim not present in the statement.Common Pitfalls:Equating “India” with “poor countries” and inferring a universal anti-democracy claim.Final Answer:Only Assumption II is implicit.

Question 4

Statement & Assumption — “The days of ghazal can never be over,” says a singer.  Which assumptions are implicit? I. Aspiring singers should concentrate on ghazal rather than pop. II. Many people have written off ghazal as passé.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The emphatic claim that the “days of ghazal can never be over” implicitly responds to an opposite, commonly aired belief—namely, that ghazal is “over.” The speaker is countering that sentiment.Given Data / Assumptions:A genre’s longevity is being defended.No career advice to learners is offered.Concept / Approach:Assumption II is necessary: if nobody believed ghazal to be finished, the emphatic denial would be unmotivated. Assumption I is not required; the statement does not prescribe what aspirants should study.Step-by-Step Solution:II: The utterance makes most sense as a rebuttal to perceived “ghazal is dead” narratives. Hence II is implicit.I: Absent; the statement is about a genre’s vitality, not training priorities.Why Other Options Are Wrong:Options involving I misread a cultural defence as career guidance.Final Answer:Only Assumption II is implicit.

Question 5

Statement & Assumption — “Railway wagons of Eastern Railway will carry your message,” says an advertisement by Eastern Railway.  Which assumptions are implicit? I. Other railways already run such schemes profitably. II. This advertisement will elici…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:An advertisement invites customers to use railway wagons as a medium. Ads presuppose an audience that may respond; they do not need benchmarking proof about other railways’ profits.Given Data / Assumptions:Service: branding/advertising on wagons.Channel: public advertisement.Concept / Approach:Assumption II is necessary: without expecting responses, the ad would be pointless. Assumption I is nonessential; even if others do not run such schemes, Eastern Railway can pioneer it.Step-by-Step Solution:II: Implicit—ads are calls to action.I: Not implicit—competitor precedent/profitability is not a prerequisite to advertise.Why Other Options Are Wrong:Options including I add unnecessary market-history claims.Final Answer:Only Assumption II is implicit.

Question 6

Statement & Assumption — “Order can be maintained only when law is enforceable. Law is a corpus of rules to be obeyed by all without exception.”  Which assumptions are implicit? I. Acceptance of law by people is necessary for its effectiveness. II. …

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The statement links social order to enforceable law “to be obeyed by all.” Enforceability is not merely coercion; it also rests on a baseline of public acceptance/legitimacy for broad compliance.Given Data / Assumptions:Order depends on enforceable, generally obeyed rules.Uniform obedience is emphasised.Concept / Approach:Assumption I is necessary: without a general acceptance of the law’s authority, universal obedience is unrealistic and “order via law” becomes hollow. Assumption II (existence of a rogue section) is not necessary to the general claim; the statement would still be valid even if everyone were disposed to obey, provided the law remained enforceable.Step-by-Step Solution:I: Implicit—effectiveness hinges on public recognition of law’s legitimacy.II: Not implicit—the claim does not require positing a specific defiant group.Why Other Options Are Wrong:Including II imports an extra sociological claim not needed by the argument.Final Answer:Only Assumption I is implicit.

Question 7

Statement & Assumption — “Sanskrit is a ‘dead’ language and its study in school is obsolete.”  Which assumptions are implicit? I. Sanskrit has no utility in day-to-day life. II. Schools should teach students only what relates directly to their futur…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The statement makes two linked claims: (a) Sanskrit is “dead,” i.e., not used in ordinary life; and (b) studying it at school is “obsolete.” The first claim undergirds the second by appealing to contemporary utility.Given Data / Assumptions:“Dead” denotes negligible everyday usage.Curricular obsolescence is argued from present-day relevance.Concept / Approach:Assumption I is necessary, because the “dead language” label is the direct basis for calling school study obsolete. Assumption II, however, is stronger and not strictly necessary: even without a doctrine that schools teach “only” vocationally relevant matter, one could still argue that scarce instructional time should prioritise widely used languages or subjects—without asserting an exclusive utilitarian rule for all schooling.Step-by-Step Solution:I: If Sanskrit did retain day-to-day utility, the “dead/obsolete” conclusion would be seriously weakened. Hence I is implicit.II: Not required; the conclusion can be reached on relative-priority grounds without an absolutist curriculum doctrine.Why Other Options Are Wrong:“Either” treats two distinct claims as interchangeable necessities; “II only” overstates the needed premise.Common Pitfalls:Equating “less utility” with a universal rule excluding non-utilitarian study.Final Answer:Only Assumption I is implicit.

Question 8

Statement & Assumption — “In India, the wheels of justice hardly move,” says an American newspaper.  Which assumptions are implicit? I. Judicial process in India is dilatory, expensive, and beyond the reach of common people. II. A civilised society …

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The remark focuses on pace—“hardly move.” It does not necessarily assert that the system is expensive or inaccessible, nor does it advance a normative principle about what a civilised society requires.Given Data / Assumptions:Claim: very slow judicial movement.No explicit claims about cost or accessibility.Concept / Approach:Assumption I bundles three attributes (slow, expensive, inaccessible). Only slowness is suggested; the rest are extras and thus not necessary. Assumption II (civilised society needs prompt courts) is also not required to criticise slowness; one may note sluggishness without invoking a civilisation benchmark.Step-by-Step Solution:I: Overstated—expense/reach are independent properties not entailed by pace.II: Normative add-on—unnecessary to support the descriptive criticism.Why Other Options Are Wrong:“Only I/II” or “either” attribute extra commitments the sentence does not need.Final Answer:Neither I nor II is implicit.

Question 9

Statement & Assumption — “To India and Indians, monsoon can be a bringer of bounty as well as a harbinger of death.”  Which assumptions are implicit? I. India’s economy and most people still depend significantly on rainfall. II. In India, almost eve…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The statement contrasts monsoon’s benefits (bounty) with its risks (death). The bounty side implies agricultural and livelihood dependence on timely rain; the death side points to hazards but does not quantify yearly regularity.Given Data / Assumptions:Monsoon has a dual impact.Economic/livelihood dependence on rainfall is implied.Concept / Approach:Assumption I is necessary to explain why monsoon bounty matters at a national scale. Assumption II overstates frequency—“almost every year” is not required to claim the monsoon can be deadly in some years.Step-by-Step Solution:I: Implicit—without dependence on rain, “bounty” would lack macro significance.II: Not implicit—the statement is modal (“can be”), not annual inevitability.Final Answer:Only Assumption I is implicit.

Question 10

Statement & Assumption — “So long as society remains caste-based, there is no harm in having caste-based organisations to look after caste welfare.”  Which assumptions are implicit? I. There is nothing wrong with religious organisations spreading th…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The claim is narrowly framed: the existence of caste-based organisations is “no harm” so long as caste persists. It neither comments on religious bodies nor compares efficacy with political parties.Concept / Approach:Assumption I is about religion, a different axis. Assumption II asserts comparative incompetence of parties—an added thesis the statement does not require. The minimal premise is simply that where social structure is caste-based, having organisations aligned to that structure is not inherently harmful; this does not entail I or II.Final Answer:Neither I nor II is implicit.

Question 11

Statement & Assumption — “After destroying the Kshatriya kings, Parashurama asked the gods for a way of penance.”  Which assumptions are implicit? I. Parashurama considered the act of destroying the kings a sin. II. There exists a way of atonement e…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Seeking penance ordinarily presumes one feels moral culpability. However, merely asking the gods for a “way” does not logically require that one already believes such a way must exist; one may inquire in hope.Concept / Approach:Assumption I is necessary: without a sense of wrongdoing, the very idea of penance is incoherent. Assumption II (“there exists a way out”) is stronger than necessary: the seeker could be uncertain and still ask.Final Answer:Only Assumption I is implicit.

Question 12

Statement & Assumption — “We grew up in joint families, which meant less space for the individual.”  Which assumptions are implicit? I. Big houses were unknown in the past. II. Living in a joint family entails significant personal adjustment.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:“Less space for the individual” points to compromises and shared decision-making typical of joint families, not to the absence of physically big houses historically.Concept / Approach:Assumption II captures the implied trade-offs and adjustments in collective living. Assumption I is irrelevant: even large homes can still impose shared rules and reduced personal autonomy.Final Answer:Only Assumption II is implicit.

Question 13

Statement & Assumption — “Our urban youth are less at ease with their own language than with English!”  Which assumptions are implicit? I. One generally feels most comfortable in one’s mother tongue. II. English-language books outsell vernacular boo…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The lament compares comfort levels. It tacitly relies on a general expectation that a person’s mother tongue is usually the most comfortable language—hence the surprise that English feels easier.Concept / Approach:Assumption I is necessary to generate the sense of anomaly. Assumption II about book sales is a market statistic not required for the comfort-level claim.Final Answer:Only Assumption I is implicit.

Question 14

Statement & Assumption — “The average American can afford hobbies that a typical middle-class Indian can only dream of.”  Which assumptions are implicit? I. Material circumstances differ greatly between India and the US. II. Economic prosperity enab…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The statement is a cross-country affordability comparison. It requires a background gap in material well-being but does not need a general theory of prosperity and interests.Concept / Approach:Assumption I—significant difference in material circumstances—is necessary to explain the affordability contrast. Assumption II is plausible but not essential for this specific claim.Final Answer:Only Assumption I is implicit.

Question 15

Statement & Assumption — “Banking has traditionally been a highly sought-after career because it offers stability and growth prospects.”  Which assumptions are implicit? I. People today no longer value stability. II. People value stability but not s…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The appeal is framed as “stability and growth,” implying a preference for safety plus progression—i.e., stability without stagnation.Concept / Approach:Assumption II aligns with that reading and is necessary for the appeal to make sense. Assumption I directly contradicts the stated attractiveness and is not implicit.Final Answer:Only Assumption II is implicit.

Question 16

Statement & Assumption — “If we accept all the demands, we’ll end up with 763 new states!” (caption in a cartoon)  Which assumptions are implicit? I. There are demands for creating 763 states. II. Demands for new states are a topical, headline issue.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Cartoons use exaggeration. “763” is hyperbole to satirise the proliferation of statehood demands, implying the topic is prominent in public discourse.Concept / Approach:Assumption II is necessary (the issue is topical) for the cartoon to resonate. Assumption I, taken literally, is not required and is inconsistent with satirical exaggeration.Final Answer:Only Assumption II is implicit.

Question 17

Statement & Assumption — “I am actually enjoying my experience in the forest and my health is quite fine,” says a message from a hostage.  Which assumptions are implicit? I. The hostage’s well-wishers may panic. II. The well-wishers may go into a fr…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:A reassurance message (“enjoying… health is fine”) presumes that loved ones are worried and need calming. Panic is the natural concern the sender seeks to mitigate.Concept / Approach:Assumption I is necessary: without anticipating worry/panic, there is little point in emphasising wellbeing. Assumption II—“frenzy”—is a stronger, escalated state and is not necessary for sending reassurance.Final Answer:Only Assumption I is implicit.

Question 18

Statement–Assumption — “Keeping in mind the visual aspects of theatre, only selected incidents of Buddha’s life have been taken.” Assumptions: I. The romantic aspects of Buddha’s life will be shown in the play. II. Not every aspect of a person’s lif…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The statement explains a curatorial decision: because theatre has visual constraints and aesthetics, the creators chose only selected events from Buddha’s life. Our task is to identify which assumptions must be true for this decision to make sense.Given Data / Assumptions:Stage productions impose time, pacing, and visual design limits.Selection implies inclusion criteria (what “works” theatrically) and exclusion of what does not.The statement does not mention “romance” or promise any specific theme.Concept / Approach:An implicit assumption is a belief the speaker must hold for the statement to be reasonable. If the play uses only selected incidents due to visual aspects, it presumes that not every episode translates well to stage.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Test I: “Romantic aspects will be shown.” This is speculative and theme-specific; the statement gives no such commitment. I is not necessary.2) Test II: “Not every life aspect is stage-worthy.” This is precisely why selection is justified: some episodes may be too static, abstract, or sprawling. II is necessary and thus implicit.Verification / Alternative check:Even documentaries abridge; dramatization requires compression and visual viability. Without assuming variable stage-suitability, the selection rationale collapses.Why Other Options Are Wrong:I-only/Either/Both/Neither add a theme not stated or remove the essential feasibility premise.Common Pitfalls:Reading hidden themes (like romance) into neutral production notes.Final Answer:if only assumption II is implicit.

Question 19

Statement–Assumption — “If the play on Buddha is received well, we may stage plays on Lord Krishna and Lord Ram.” — a director Assumptions: I. If one play goes well, the others will automatically succeed. II. The current play’s reception is a reason…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:The director ties future production choices to how the present play is received, implying that audience response guides programming.Given Data / Assumptions:The “reception” of the Buddha play will be observed via attendance, reviews, and revenue.Future subjects (Krishna, Ram) broadly share mytho-religious theatre appeal.Concept / Approach:Using a pilot’s outcome as a proxy for demand requires assuming that such reception reflects broader audience taste. It does not require assuming that success “guarantees” future success.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Assumption I adds a deterministic claim (“others will also go well”). The director uses success as a decision signal, not a guarantee. I is not necessary.2) Assumption II is necessary; otherwise, using this play’s reception to decide future titles would be irrational.Verification / Alternative check:Programming decisions commonly use test-market feedback as a taste indicator.Why Other Options Are Wrong:I-only/Either/Both/Neither either inject certainty the director never claims or ignore the needed “signal” premise.Common Pitfalls:Confusing “guiding signal” with “guarantee of success.”Final Answer:if only assumption II is implicit.

Question 20

Statement–Assumption — “To check fire incidents in the Walled City, godowns of hazardous chemicals and paper will be shifted to Narela and Ghazipur respectively.” Assumptions: I. Fires cannot occur in Narela or Ghazipur. II. Paper is a highly combus…

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context:Authorities plan relocation of high-risk storage (hazardous chemicals, paper) away from a dense urban core to mitigate frequent fires.Given Data / Assumptions:Chemicals and paper raise fire load; clustering in a congested area amplifies damage potential.Relocation seeks risk reduction, not risk elimination everywhere.Concept / Approach:An implicit assumption must be essential. The plan presumes these inventories meaningfully contribute to current fire risk, which hinges on their combustibility (paper) and hazard profiles.Step-by-Step Solution:1) Assumption I (no fires at new sites) is unnecessary. Policy makers rarely assume zero risk; they aim to lower risk in the vulnerable zone.2) Assumption II (paper is highly combustible) is necessary; otherwise, moving paper godowns would not help mitigate fire incidents.Verification / Alternative check:Urban fire codes treat paper and chemicals as high fire-load commodities; separation from dense habitation reduces catastrophe potential.Why Other Options Are Wrong:I-only/Either/Both/Neither either posit zero-risk (too strong) or ignore the combustibility premise.Common Pitfalls:Assuming risk elimination rather than risk redistribution and reduction.Final Answer:if only assumption II is implicit.

Statement and Assumption Questions

Questions

Practice smarter