Statement: Local villagers report that instances of illegal tree cutting have increased over the last few months in the nearby forest area. Courses of Action: I. Encourage locals to promptly report any such activities in the future as well, with a simple, safe channel. II. Authorities should immediately investigate and take steps to stop such illegal activities (patrols, seizures, penalties).

Introduction / Context:
Forest offences are best curbed by combining community intelligence with swift enforcement. Villagers are first responders; authorities possess legal powers to investigate and deter.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Incidents have increased recently—an adverse trend.
• Locals can observe suspicious activity early.
• Authorities can patrol, seize contraband, and prosecute offenders.

Concept / Approach:
A two-pronged approach is optimal: create a safe reporting mechanism (hotline, WhatsApp, anonymity, rewards), and mount targeted enforcement (patrol routes, night ambushes, check posts, sawmill inspections).

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Establish a community tipline and awareness about legal penalties.2) Task a rapid-response team to verify tips; coordinate with forest police.3) Track hotspots on a map; adjust patrols; publicise successful seizures to deter.

Verification / Alternative check:
Reports without enforcement embolden offenders; enforcement without community inputs is blind and costly. Both together produce faster suppression.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Only I/Only II/Either: incomplete and less effective. Neither: ignores a worsening trend.

Common Pitfalls:
Retaliation risks against informants; mitigate via anonymity and visible official presence.

Final Answer:
Both I and II follow.