Statement: Many children in India miss out on schooling because they are employed to earn a livelihood during childhood.\nCourses of Action:\nI. Make education compulsory for all children up to the age of 14.\nII. Ban employment of children below the age of 14 years.

Introduction / Context:
Child labour and school non-attendance reinforce each other. Policy must both pull children into schools and push them away from exploitative work. The courses of action align with widely accepted child rights frameworks.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Economic compulsion leads to child employment.
• Access and compulsion for schooling can raise enrolment.
• Legal prohibition of child labour removes supply of child workers.

Concept / Approach:
Dual strategy: Right to education + prohibition of child labour up to a defined age, backed by support schemes (mid-day meals, scholarships) to offset foregone income and improve retention.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Enact/strengthen compulsory elementary education with attendance monitoring and bridge courses.2) Enforce a clear ban on child labour below 14, with inspections and penalties.3) Provide financial/social support to families (stipends, meals) to reduce the opportunity cost of schooling.

Verification / Alternative check:
Only one lever yields leakage: compulsory schooling without a labour ban invites substitution to clandestine work; a ban without schooling leaves children idle or vulnerable.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Only I/Only II/Either: partial measures risk failure. Neither: perpetuates the problem.

Common Pitfalls:
Paper compliance without inspections; ignoring transition support for rescued children.

Final Answer:
Both I and II follow.