Statement: University hostel residents faced a 48-hour outage of electricity and water, not due to shortages but because of staff negligence. Courses of Action: I. University management should investigate and take strict action against the negligence. II. Students should leave the hostel and find alternative accommodation.

Introduction / Context:A prolonged outage caused by negligence violates minimum living standards in institutional housing. Appropriate response targets accountability and systemic fixes rather than advising mass student relocation.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Outage cause: staff negligence (not external scarcity).
• Management holds authority over hostel administration.
• Students depend on hostel facilities for study and safety.

Concept / Approach:Corrective governance: audit the lapse, fix processes (SOPs, duty rosters), and discipline responsible staff. Advising students to leave (II) is impractical and shifts the burden to victims; it does not cure root causes.

Step-by-Step Solution:1) Conduct an incident review; document timelines and missed escalations.2) Implement redundancies (generator checks, water tanker SLAs, alert trees) and accountability measures.3) Communicate corrective actions to residents; offer compensation where policy permits.

Verification / Alternative check:Systemic fix prevents recurrence for all; relocation only benefits those who can afford alternatives and fragments the student community.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:Only II/Either/Both: do not address negligence; “Either” treats a non-solution as acceptable.

Common Pitfalls:One-time fixes without SOP changes; lack of escalation matrix.

Final Answer:Only I follows.