Statement: Footpaths on a busy road are overcrowded with vendors selling low-cost items, obstructing pedestrian movement. Courses of Action: I. With police help, remove vendors from footpaths to restore pedestrian access. II. Provide designated vending space where vendors can earn a livelihood without blocking footpaths.

Introduction / Context:Public ways must remain safe and navigable. At the same time, street vending sustains livelihoods. Sound civic management enforces right-of-way while creating fair alternatives.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Current vending obstructs pedestrians and may increase accidents.
• Police have authority to clear encroachments.
• Municipal bodies can notify designated vending zones.

Concept / Approach:Dual-track solution: immediate enforcement to restore access, coupled with planned rehabilitation (hawker zones, time-sharing, permits). This balances safety, lawfulness, and livelihoods.

Step-by-Step Solution:1) Clear critical choke points with proper notice and humane procedures.2) Identify, mark, and allocate vending areas with sanitation and waste management.3) Enforce compliance through periodic checks; penalise repeat encroachment.

Verification / Alternative check:Enforcement alone displaces the problem; rehabilitation alone leaves footpaths blocked. Together, they create sustainable order.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:Only I/Only II/Either: each is incomplete. Neither: neglects both safety and livelihoods.

Common Pitfalls:Ad-hoc drives without alternative spaces; lack of signage and permits.

Final Answer:Both I and II follow.