The technique specifically used to establish and maintain priority among competing jobs or work orders in a project or job shop is known as:

Introduction / Context:
When multiple jobs compete for limited resources (crews, machines), managers need a rule to decide which job to process first. Priority-assignment rules are central to production control and construction logistics.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Goal: Choose the technique that sets priorities among jobs.
• Context: Project or job-shop environment with resource contention.

Concept / Approach:
Critical Ratio (CR) = Time remaining until due date / Processing time remaining.The job with the lowest CR is given the highest priority. CR dynamically reflects both urgency (due date pressure) and effort remaining, making it a well-known method for maintaining priorities.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify which option names a recognised priority rule.Critical ratio scheduling explicitly provides a numeric priority index.Therefore select Critical ratio scheduling.

Verification / Alternative check:
Shop-floor control texts list CR alongside SPT (shortest processing time), EDD (earliest due date), and LPT; among given options, CR uniquely states a priority rule by name.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Event-flow scheduling technique: Vague; not a standard priority rule.
• Slotting technique for scheduling: Generic term; lacks a defined priority index.
• Short-interval scheduling: A look-ahead planning approach, not a priority formula.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing look-ahead/visibility tools with true priority rules; selecting generic terms that do not specify how jobs are ranked.

Final Answer:
Critical ratio scheduling