Sports ethics – award eligibility with fairness clause: “Players who break records in a fair way get special prizes. Player X broke the world record but tested positive for a prohibited drug.” Decide which conclusion follows about X’s prize.
Verbal Reasoning
Statement and Conclusion
Difficulty: Easy
Choose an option
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AOnly conclusion I follows
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BOnly conclusion II follows
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CEither I or II follows
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DNeither I nor II follows
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EBoth I and II follow
Answer
Correct Answer: Only conclusion II follows
Explanation
Given data
- Award rule: Record broken fairly ⇒ Special prize.
- Case: X broke the world record but was under a prohibited drug (unfair means).
- Conclusions: I) X will get the prize; II) X will not get the prize.
Concept/ApproachUse necessary condition: fairness is required for the prize.
Step-by-step deduction1) Since X did not meet the fairness requirement, the necessary condition for award is absent.2) Therefore, X cannot receive the special prize ⇒ Conclusion II follows; Conclusion I does not.
Final AnswerOnly conclusion II follows.