Logical Inference Facts: A factory worker has five children. No one else in the factory has five children. Which conclusion is logically certain?
Verbal Reasoning
Statement and Conclusion
Difficulty: Easy
Choose an option
-
AAll workers in the factory have five children each.
-
BEverybody in the factory has children.
-
CSome of the factory workers have more than five children.
-
DOnly one worker in the factory has exactly five children.
-
ENone of these
Answer
Correct Answer: Only one worker in the factory has exactly five children.
Explanation
Introduction / Context:We translate the two given facts into a clear, necessary conclusion without overgeneralizing beyond what is stated.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- There exists a specific worker with exactly five children.
- No other worker has exactly five children.
Concept / Approach:
- Combine existence with uniqueness to form a precise conclusion.
- Avoid adding claims about other workers’ family counts beyond what is warranted.
Step-by-Step Solution:
From the first fact, existence of at least one “five-children” worker is established.From the second fact, uniqueness is established: there is no other such worker.Therefore, exactly one worker in the factory has five children.Verification / Alternative check:
Other workers may have 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, etc., children; nothing is said about them. The unique-exact conclusion holds regardless.Why Other Options Are Wrong:
a: Overgeneralization. b: Not implied. c: Not implied. e: Unnecessary because a correct specific conclusion exists.Common Pitfalls:
Inferring facts about all workers from a single worker’s situation.Final Answer:
Only one worker in the factory has exactly five children.