Analogies – Choose the pair that best completes the relationship. FINCH : BIRD :: ?

Introduction / Context:
FINCH is a specific kind of BIRD. The task is to find a pair that exhibits the same 'subtype : category' relationship with the same directionality.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Finch is a bird species.
• We need a specific kind within a broader class.

Concept / Approach:
Maintain taxonomy: the first term must be a member of the second term’s class. Eliminate options that are cross-class, synonyms, stages, or incorrect classifications.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) FINCH : BIRD = specific species : broader animal class.2) 'Dalmatian : dog' matches exactly (breed within species).3) 'frog : toad' are separate animals of similar order; not a subtype relation.4) 'elephant : reptile' is factually incorrect category mapping.5) 'collie : marsupial' is incorrect class; collie is a dog breed, not a marsupial.6) 'ant : ladybug' are unrelated insect species; no hierarchy.

Verification / Alternative check:
Replace the structure in a sentence: 'A finch is a bird.' 'A Dalmatian is a dog.' Both statements are true and structurally identical.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• frog : toad – Parallel species, not subtype to class.
• elephant : reptile – Wrong classification.
• collie : marsupial – Wrong classification.
• ant : ladybug – Different species; no hierarchy.

Common Pitfalls:
Beware of pairs that feel related but do not reflect the same taxonomic direction. The best answer mirrors both relation and direction.

Final Answer:
Dalmatian : dog