Q: Simplify the compound expression: (1/5 ÷ (1/5 of 1/5)) / ((1/5 of 1/5) ÷ 1/5). Use the convention that “of” means multiplication.

Introduction / Context: Expressions mixing “÷” and “of” (multiplication) are common in aptitude tests. Correctly applying operator precedence and translating “of” to multiplication simplifies the problem. Here we compute a fraction whose numerator and denominator are themselves small fractional divisions. Given Data / Assumptions: Use “of” as multiplication. Perform multiplication/division before addition/subtraction (standard precedence). Expression: (1/5 ÷ (1/5 * 1/5)) / ((1/5 * 1/5) ÷ 1/5). Concept / Approach: Evaluate each inner part separately, then divide the results. Division by a fraction equals multiplication by its reciprocal, which greatly simplifies the arithmetic with small numbers like fifths and twenty-fifths. Step-by-Step Solution: Compute the inner product: (1/5 of 1/5) = 1/25.Numerator: (1/5) ÷ (1/25) = (1/5) * (25/1) = 5.Denominator: (1/25) ÷ (1/5) = (1/25) * (5/1) = 1/5.Overall: 5 ÷ (1/5) = 5 * 5 = 25. Verification / Alternative check: Rewrite the whole fraction at once: [(1/5)/(1/25)] / [(1/25)/(1/5)] = (5) / (1/5) = 25 — consistent. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 1 / 5 / 1/5 / 125: These stem from inverting the wrong fraction or misinterpreting “of”. Only 25 follows correct precedence and reciprocal rules. Common Pitfalls: Forgetting “of” means multiply; doing the outer division before simplifying the inner divisions; mishandling reciprocals. Final Answer: 25

Q: Compute the value of (1/4 + (1/4 ÷ 5/4)) / ((1/4 * 1/4) + 2 1/4). Express your final answer as a simplified fraction.

Introduction / Context: This simplification problem combines division of fractions, multiplication, and addition with a mixed number. Careful stepwise evaluation avoids sign and denominator errors. The final answer should be given as a reduced fraction where possible. Given Data / Assumptions: The expression is (1/4 + (1/4 ÷ 5/4)) / ((1/4 * 1/4) + 2 1/4). 2 1/4 denotes the mixed number 9/4. Follow standard operator precedence: division/multiplication before addition. Concept / Approach: Evaluate the numerator and denominator separately. Convert the mixed number to an improper fraction. Use reciprocal multiplication for the division 1/4 ÷ 5/4, then collect terms over common denominators to form a single fraction over a single fraction, which can be inverted and multiplied. Step-by-Step Solution: Compute 1/4 ÷ 5/4 = (1/4) * (4/5) = 1/5.Numerator: 1/4 + 1/5 = (5 + 4)/20 = 9/20.Denominator: (1/4 * 1/4) + 2 1/4 = 1/16 + 9/4 = 1/16 + 36/16 = 37/16.Overall: (9/20) / (37/16) = (9/20) * (16/37) = 144/740 = 36/185. Verification / Alternative check: Convert all terms to decimals as a cross-check: 1/4 ÷ 5/4 = 0.2; numerator 0.25 + 0.2 = 0.45; denominator 0.0625 + 2.25 = 2.3125; 0.45 / 2.3125 ≈ 0.194594…; 36/185 ≈ 0.194594… — match. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 16/25 / 32/185 / 9/20: Each arises from a typical arithmetic slip (e.g., adding denominators, forgetting to invert 37/16, or stopping at the intermediate 9/20). None of these: Not correct because 36/185 is exactly obtained. Common Pitfalls: Leaving 2 1/4 as 2 + 1/4 in mixed operations; adding fractions without common denominators; failing to reduce 144/740. Final Answer: 36/185

Q: In a college, 1/5 of the girls and 1/8 of the boys participated in a social camp. What fraction of the total students took part? (Assume only girls and boys; evaluate if the data suffice.)

Introduction / Context: Data sufficiency questions check whether provided ratios uniquely determine a required overall fraction. Here, different participation rates are given for girls and boys, and we are asked for the fraction of the total student body that participated. Without the composition of the population, the overall fraction may vary. Given Data / Assumptions: Girls participation rate: 1/5 of girls. Boys participation rate: 1/8 of boys. Total students = girls + boys; only these two categories. We are not given the number or ratio of girls to boys. Concept / Approach: Let G be the number of girls and B be the number of boys. The total participants equal G/5 + B/8. The total students equal G + B. The requested fraction is (G/5 + B/8) / (G + B). Without a fixed ratio G:B, this value changes with G and B, so the answer cannot be uniquely determined from the given information alone. Step-by-Step Solution: Participants = G/5 + B/8.Total = G + B.Required fraction = (G/5 + B/8) / (G + B).Pick two different mixes to see variation:Example 1: Let G = 80, B = 80 → participants = 16 + 10 = 26 → fraction = 26/160 = 13/80.Example 2: Let G = 40, B = 120 → participants = 8 + 15 = 23 → fraction = 23/160 = 23/160.Different fractions arise, so no single fraction is determined. Verification / Alternative check: Algebraically, (G/5 + B/8)/(G + B) cannot be simplified to a constant without knowing G:B. Hence multiple valid outcomes exist. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 13/40 / 13/80 / 2/13: Each may occur only for specific G:B values; none is universally correct. Cannot be determined: Equivalent in meaning to “Data inadequate”; both reflect the same conclusion (we key to the listed correct option). Common Pitfalls: Assuming equal numbers of girls and boys without being told; averaging the rates 1/5 and 1/8 directly, which is invalid for different group sizes. Final Answer: Data inadequate

Q: Evaluate (4.59 * 1.8 ÷ 3.6) + (5.4 of 1/9) - (1/5). Use “of” as multiplication and standard operator precedence.

Introduction / Context: This computation mixes decimals and fractions with multiplication, division, and subtraction. Applying operator precedence and treating “of” as multiplication yields a straightforward sequence of small computations without a calculator if you leverage simple ratios (e.g., dividing by 3.6 or multiplying by 1/9). Given Data / Assumptions: Expression: (4.59 * 1.8 ÷ 3.6) + (5.4 * 1/9) - (1/5). Perform multiplication/division left to right before addition/subtraction. “of” denotes multiplication. Concept / Approach: Break into three parts: A = (4.59 * 1.8 ÷ 3.6), B = (5.4 * 1/9), C = (1/5). Compute each precisely and then combine. Notice 1.8/3.6 = 1/2, which halves 4.59 quickly, and 5.4/9 = 0.6 — simple decimal conversions reduce error risk. Step-by-Step Solution: A: 4.59 * 1.8 = 8.262; then 8.262 ÷ 3.6 = 2.295.B: 5.4 * 1/9 = 0.6.C: 1/5 = 0.2.Total = 2.295 + 0.6 - 0.2 = 2.695. Verification / Alternative check: Use fraction forms: 4.59 * (1.8/3.6) = 4.59 * 1/2 = 2.295; 5.4/9 = 0.6; 2.295 + 0.6 − 0.2 = 2.695 — consistent. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 3.015 / 2.705 / 2.615: These arise from rounding early, mis-dividing 8.262 by 3.6, or mis-evaluating 5.4 of 1/9. None of these: Incorrect because 2.695 is listed and correct. Common Pitfalls: Applying subtraction before finishing the division; interpreting “of” incorrectly; rounding mid-calculation. Final Answer: 2.695

Q: Compute the value of ( (1/2 ÷ 4) + 20 ) / ( (1/2 * 4) + 20 ). Give the result in simplest fractional form.

Introduction / Context: Here you must apply operator precedence carefully inside numerator and denominator before forming the final ratio. Quick simplifications are possible because the fractional operations are small. The answer is best left as a simplified fraction to avoid rounding issues. Given Data / Assumptions: Expression: ((1/2 ÷ 4) + 20) / ((1/2 * 4) + 20). Division and multiplication come before addition. Reduce the final fraction if possible. Concept / Approach: Compute each inner operation first: evaluate 1/2 ÷ 4 and 1/2 * 4. Convert the resulting mixed numbers to improper fractions to combine accurately, then divide the two totals by multiplying with the reciprocal of the denominator. Step-by-Step Solution: Numerator: 1/2 ÷ 4 = 1/8; so numerator total = 20 + 1/8 = 161/8.Denominator: 1/2 * 4 = 2; so denominator total = 20 + 2 = 22.Overall value = (161/8) / 22 = (161/8) * (1/22) = 161/176. Verification / Alternative check: As decimals: numerator ≈ 20.125; denominator = 22; ratio ≈ 0.91534…; 161/176 ≈ 0.91534… — match. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 81/88 and 41/44: Close approximations but not exact; they come from halving 161/176 erroneously. 23/11: Results from adding before multiplying/dividing. 1: Occurs if you mistakenly evaluate both inner parts as 20. Common Pitfalls: Adding 20 before finishing ÷ and *; forgetting to convert 20 + 1/8 into an improper fraction before the final division. Final Answer: 161/176

Q: Evaluate the telescoping sum: 1/(1·2·3) + 1/(2·3·4) + 1/(3·4·5) + 1/(4·5·6). Express your result as a simplified fraction.

Introduction / Context: Series with triple products in denominators often telescope when rewritten with partial fractions. Recognizing the pattern 1/(n(n+1)(n+2)) allows rapid summation across consecutive n values. This problem tests that technique on four consecutive terms from n = 1 to n = 4. Given Data / Assumptions: Sum S = 1/(1·2·3) + 1/(2·3·4) + 1/(3·4·5) + 1/(4·5·6). All terms are positive rational numbers. We seek a single reduced fraction for S. Concept / Approach: Use the identity 1/(n(n+1)(n+2)) = 1/2 * [1/(n(n+1)) − 1/((n+1)(n+2))]. Applying this to each term causes consecutive terms to cancel (telescope), leaving only the first and the last boundary terms to evaluate. Step-by-Step Solution: Rewrite each term: 1/(n(n+1)(n+2)) = (1/2)[1/(n(n+1)) − 1/((n+1)(n+2))].Sum from n=1 to 4: S = (1/2)[1/(1·2) − 1/(2·3) + 1/(2·3) − 1/(3·4) + 1/(3·4) − 1/(4·5) + 1/(4·5) − 1/(5·6)].Telescoping cancels interior pairs, leaving S = (1/2)[1/(1·2) − 1/(5·6)].Compute: (1/2)[1/2 − 1/30] = (1/2)[(15 − 1)/30] = (1/2)(14/30) = 7/30. Verification / Alternative check: Approximate numerically: 1/6 + 1/24 + 1/60 + 1/120 ≈ 0.1667 + 0.0417 + 0.0167 + 0.0083 ≈ 0.2334, and 7/30 ≈ 0.2333 — consistent within rounding. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 11/30 / 13/30 / 17/30 / 2/15: These result from partial cancellations done incorrectly or arithmetic slips in the final subtraction. Common Pitfalls: Forgetting the 1/2 factor; misaligning telescoping boundaries; arithmetic errors converting to a common denominator. Final Answer: 7 / 30

Q: Add the mixed numbers: 3 2/3 + 2 3/4 + 1 1/2. Provide the result as a mixed number or an improper fraction.

Introduction / Context: Adding mixed numbers is a staple arithmetic skill. Converting to improper fractions or aligning fractional parts over a common denominator helps avoid mistakes, especially when the denominators differ. The goal is to compute the exact sum and present it clearly as a mixed number or improper fraction. Given Data / Assumptions: Numbers: 3 2/3, 2 3/4, and 1 1/2. All terms are positive. You may express the answer as a mixed number or an equivalent improper fraction. Concept / Approach: Convert each mixed number to an improper fraction to streamline addition. Use the least common denominator (12) for 1/3, 1/4, and 1/2. Add the fractional parts and the whole parts separately or proceed entirely with improper fractions, then convert back to a mixed number if preferred. Step-by-Step Solution: Convert to improper fractions: 3 2/3 = 11/3, 2 3/4 = 11/4, 1 1/2 = 3/2.Rewrite over 12: 11/3 = 44/12; 11/4 = 33/12; 3/2 = 18/12.Sum: (44 + 33 + 18)/12 = 95/12.Convert 95/12 to mixed form: 12 * 7 = 84; remainder 11 → 7 11/12. Verification / Alternative check: Add whole parts first: 3 + 2 + 1 = 6; fractional parts 2/3 + 3/4 + 1/2 = 8/12 + 9/12 + 6/12 = 23/12 = 1 11/12; total = 7 11/12. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 8 11/12 / 9 11/13 / 10 12/13: Whole or fractional parts mis-added. 95/12 is correct as an improper fraction, but the keyed correct option here is the mixed number 7 11/12. Common Pitfalls: Forgetting to convert to a common denominator; incorrect conversion back to mixed form; arithmetic slips when summing 44, 33, and 18. Final Answer: 7 11/12

Question 1

Use the difference of squares identity to simplify:  Compute (69842 × 69842 − 30158 × 30158) ÷ (69842 − 30158) quickly.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Large-number arithmetic becomes trivial with algebraic identities. Here, recognizing the difference of squares lets us replace bulky computation with a one-line simplification, ideal for speed and accuracy in aptitude tests. Given Data / Assumptions: Expression: (a^2 − b^2) ÷ (a − b) where a = 69842 and b = 30158. All arithmetic is exact integers. Concept / Approach: Use the identity a^2 − b^2 = (a − b)(a + b). After cancellation with the denominator (a − b), the whole expression reduces to a + b. This avoids any need to compute squares explicitly. Step-by-Step Solution: Recognize a^2 − b^2 = (a − b)(a + b).Divide by (a − b): ((a − b)(a + b))/(a − b) = a + b.Compute a + b: 69842 + 30158 = 100000. Verification / Alternative check: Any direct computation of the squares will be huge but will still reduce to the same sum after cancellation. The identity guarantees correctness. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 69842 and 30158 are the original terms, not their sum; 39684 is their difference; 0 would require a = b, which is false. Common Pitfalls: Attempting to square first; arithmetic overflow or time wastage; forgetting to apply the difference of squares identity. Final Answer: 100000

Question 2

Compute a mixed fraction–decimal combination:  Evaluate 31/10 × 3/10 + 7/5 ÷ 20 and present the result in simplest form.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question blends two straightforward fractional operations followed by addition. Keeping everything in fraction form helps prevent decimal mistakes and makes simplification transparent and exact. Given Data / Assumptions: Compute product: 31/10 × 3/10. Compute division: 7/5 ÷ 20 = 7/5 × 1/20. Add the two results and simplify. Concept / Approach: Perform each operation separately, reduce when possible, then add using a common denominator. Because denominators align to 100 naturally, the addition becomes especially tidy here. Step-by-Step Solution: Product: 31/10 × 3/10 = 93/100.Division: 7/5 ÷ 20 = 7/5 × 1/20 = 7/100.Sum: 93/100 + 7/100 = 100/100 = 1. Verification / Alternative check: Convert to decimals: 31/10 = 3.1, 3/10 = 0.3 → product 0.93; 7/5 = 1.4, ÷ 20 = 0.07; 0.93 + 0.07 = 1.00. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 0 and 100 contradict the balanced additions; 107/200 equals 0.535 and arises from wrong denominators; 7/10 = 0.7 misses the second addend. Common Pitfalls: Dividing by 20 incorrectly (confusing 1/20 with 20/1); mixing decimals and fractions midstream; failing to combine to a common denominator. Final Answer: 1

Question 3

Evaluate the finite series value precisely: 1 + 1/(4 * 3) + 1/(4 * 3^2) + 1/(4 * 3^3). Report the result correct to four decimal places.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This problem asks you to evaluate a short geometric-type expression: 1 + 1/(4 * 3) + 1/(4 * 3^2) + 1/(4 * 3^3). Such questions test your comfort with factoring out constants and using the finite geometric series sum to avoid term-by-term decimal work. The final value must be rounded to four decimal places for a clean numerical answer. Given Data / Assumptions: The expression is 1 + (1/4)*(1/3) + (1/4)*(1/3^2) + (1/4)*(1/3^3). Operations follow standard precedence: exponents, then multiplication/division, then addition. Round the final result to four decimal places. Concept / Approach: Notice that all fractional terms after the initial 1 share a common factor 1/4 and form a geometric series in powers of 1/3. Summing this finite geometric series is faster and more accurate than converting every term to a decimal early. Use the identity for k = 1 to n: sum r^k = r*(1 - r^n)/(1 - r) when |r| < 1. Step-by-Step Solution: Write S = 1 + (1/4)[(1/3) + (1/3^2) + (1/3^3)].Sum the geometric part with r = 1/3, n = 3: (1/3)*(1 - (1/3)^3)/(1 - 1/3).Compute: (1/3)*[(1 - 1/27)/(2/3)] = (1/3)*[(26/27)*(3/2)] = (1/3)*(13/9) = 13/27.Multiply by 1/4: (1/4)*(13/27) = 13/108 ≈ 0.120370…Add the leading 1: S ≈ 1.120370… Round to four decimals → 1.1204. Verification / Alternative check: Compute each term: 1/(4*3) = 1/12 ≈ 0.083333; 1/(4*9) ≈ 0.027778; 1/(4*27) ≈ 0.009259. Sum of extras ≈ 0.120370; plus 1 gives 1.120370…, confirming the rounded value 1.1204. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 1.1202 / 1.1203 / 1.1201: All are close but result from premature rounding of intermediate steps. None of these: Incorrect because a listed option (1.1204) is exact to four decimals. Common Pitfalls: Rounding each term too early; forgetting to factor out 1/4; misapplying the finite geometric sum with k starting at 1 instead of 0. Final Answer: 1.1204

Question 4

Simplify the compound expression: (1/5 ÷ (1/5 of 1/5)) / ((1/5 of 1/5) ÷ 1/5). Use the convention that “of” means multiplication.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Expressions mixing “÷” and “of” (multiplication) are common in aptitude tests. Correctly applying operator precedence and translating “of” to multiplication simplifies the problem. Here we compute a fraction whose numerator and denominator are themselves small fractional divisions. Given Data / Assumptions: Use “of” as multiplication. Perform multiplication/division before addition/subtraction (standard precedence). Expression: (1/5 ÷ (1/5 * 1/5)) / ((1/5 * 1/5) ÷ 1/5). Concept / Approach: Evaluate each inner part separately, then divide the results. Division by a fraction equals multiplication by its reciprocal, which greatly simplifies the arithmetic with small numbers like fifths and twenty-fifths. Step-by-Step Solution: Compute the inner product: (1/5 of 1/5) = 1/25.Numerator: (1/5) ÷ (1/25) = (1/5) * (25/1) = 5.Denominator: (1/25) ÷ (1/5) = (1/25) * (5/1) = 1/5.Overall: 5 ÷ (1/5) = 5 * 5 = 25. Verification / Alternative check: Rewrite the whole fraction at once: [(1/5)/(1/25)] / [(1/25)/(1/5)] = (5) / (1/5) = 25 — consistent. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 1 / 5 / 1/5 / 125: These stem from inverting the wrong fraction or misinterpreting “of”. Only 25 follows correct precedence and reciprocal rules. Common Pitfalls: Forgetting “of” means multiply; doing the outer division before simplifying the inner divisions; mishandling reciprocals. Final Answer: 25

Question 5

Compute the value of (1/4 + (1/4 ÷ 5/4)) / ((1/4 * 1/4) + 2 1/4). Express your final answer as a simplified fraction.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This simplification problem combines division of fractions, multiplication, and addition with a mixed number. Careful stepwise evaluation avoids sign and denominator errors. The final answer should be given as a reduced fraction where possible. Given Data / Assumptions: The expression is (1/4 + (1/4 ÷ 5/4)) / ((1/4 * 1/4) + 2 1/4). 2 1/4 denotes the mixed number 9/4. Follow standard operator precedence: division/multiplication before addition. Concept / Approach: Evaluate the numerator and denominator separately. Convert the mixed number to an improper fraction. Use reciprocal multiplication for the division 1/4 ÷ 5/4, then collect terms over common denominators to form a single fraction over a single fraction, which can be inverted and multiplied. Step-by-Step Solution: Compute 1/4 ÷ 5/4 = (1/4) * (4/5) = 1/5.Numerator: 1/4 + 1/5 = (5 + 4)/20 = 9/20.Denominator: (1/4 * 1/4) + 2 1/4 = 1/16 + 9/4 = 1/16 + 36/16 = 37/16.Overall: (9/20) / (37/16) = (9/20) * (16/37) = 144/740 = 36/185. Verification / Alternative check: Convert all terms to decimals as a cross-check: 1/4 ÷ 5/4 = 0.2; numerator 0.25 + 0.2 = 0.45; denominator 0.0625 + 2.25 = 2.3125; 0.45 / 2.3125 ≈ 0.194594…; 36/185 ≈ 0.194594… — match. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 16/25 / 32/185 / 9/20: Each arises from a typical arithmetic slip (e.g., adding denominators, forgetting to invert 37/16, or stopping at the intermediate 9/20). None of these: Not correct because 36/185 is exactly obtained. Common Pitfalls: Leaving 2 1/4 as 2 + 1/4 in mixed operations; adding fractions without common denominators; failing to reduce 144/740. Final Answer: 36/185

Question 6

In a college, 1/5 of the girls and 1/8 of the boys participated in a social camp. What fraction of the total students took part? (Assume only girls and boys; evaluate if the data suffice.)

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Data sufficiency questions check whether provided ratios uniquely determine a required overall fraction. Here, different participation rates are given for girls and boys, and we are asked for the fraction of the total student body that participated. Without the composition of the population, the overall fraction may vary. Given Data / Assumptions: Girls participation rate: 1/5 of girls. Boys participation rate: 1/8 of boys. Total students = girls + boys; only these two categories. We are not given the number or ratio of girls to boys. Concept / Approach: Let G be the number of girls and B be the number of boys. The total participants equal G/5 + B/8. The total students equal G + B. The requested fraction is (G/5 + B/8) / (G + B). Without a fixed ratio G:B, this value changes with G and B, so the answer cannot be uniquely determined from the given information alone. Step-by-Step Solution: Participants = G/5 + B/8.Total = G + B.Required fraction = (G/5 + B/8) / (G + B).Pick two different mixes to see variation:Example 1: Let G = 80, B = 80 → participants = 16 + 10 = 26 → fraction = 26/160 = 13/80.Example 2: Let G = 40, B = 120 → participants = 8 + 15 = 23 → fraction = 23/160 = 23/160.Different fractions arise, so no single fraction is determined. Verification / Alternative check: Algebraically, (G/5 + B/8)/(G + B) cannot be simplified to a constant without knowing G:B. Hence multiple valid outcomes exist. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 13/40 / 13/80 / 2/13: Each may occur only for specific G:B values; none is universally correct. Cannot be determined: Equivalent in meaning to “Data inadequate”; both reflect the same conclusion (we key to the listed correct option). Common Pitfalls: Assuming equal numbers of girls and boys without being told; averaging the rates 1/5 and 1/8 directly, which is invalid for different group sizes. Final Answer: Data inadequate

Question 7

Evaluate (4.59 * 1.8 ÷ 3.6) + (5.4 of 1/9) - (1/5). Use “of” as multiplication and standard operator precedence.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This computation mixes decimals and fractions with multiplication, division, and subtraction. Applying operator precedence and treating “of” as multiplication yields a straightforward sequence of small computations without a calculator if you leverage simple ratios (e.g., dividing by 3.6 or multiplying by 1/9). Given Data / Assumptions: Expression: (4.59 * 1.8 ÷ 3.6) + (5.4 * 1/9) - (1/5). Perform multiplication/division left to right before addition/subtraction. “of” denotes multiplication. Concept / Approach: Break into three parts: A = (4.59 * 1.8 ÷ 3.6), B = (5.4 * 1/9), C = (1/5). Compute each precisely and then combine. Notice 1.8/3.6 = 1/2, which halves 4.59 quickly, and 5.4/9 = 0.6 — simple decimal conversions reduce error risk. Step-by-Step Solution: A: 4.59 * 1.8 = 8.262; then 8.262 ÷ 3.6 = 2.295.B: 5.4 * 1/9 = 0.6.C: 1/5 = 0.2.Total = 2.295 + 0.6 - 0.2 = 2.695. Verification / Alternative check: Use fraction forms: 4.59 * (1.8/3.6) = 4.59 * 1/2 = 2.295; 5.4/9 = 0.6; 2.295 + 0.6 − 0.2 = 2.695 — consistent. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 3.015 / 2.705 / 2.615: These arise from rounding early, mis-dividing 8.262 by 3.6, or mis-evaluating 5.4 of 1/9. None of these: Incorrect because 2.695 is listed and correct. Common Pitfalls: Applying subtraction before finishing the division; interpreting “of” incorrectly; rounding mid-calculation. Final Answer: 2.695

Question 8

Compute the value of ( (1/2 ÷ 4) + 20 ) / ( (1/2 * 4) + 20 ). Give the result in simplest fractional form.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Here you must apply operator precedence carefully inside numerator and denominator before forming the final ratio. Quick simplifications are possible because the fractional operations are small. The answer is best left as a simplified fraction to avoid rounding issues. Given Data / Assumptions: Expression: ((1/2 ÷ 4) + 20) / ((1/2 * 4) + 20). Division and multiplication come before addition. Reduce the final fraction if possible. Concept / Approach: Compute each inner operation first: evaluate 1/2 ÷ 4 and 1/2 * 4. Convert the resulting mixed numbers to improper fractions to combine accurately, then divide the two totals by multiplying with the reciprocal of the denominator. Step-by-Step Solution: Numerator: 1/2 ÷ 4 = 1/8; so numerator total = 20 + 1/8 = 161/8.Denominator: 1/2 * 4 = 2; so denominator total = 20 + 2 = 22.Overall value = (161/8) / 22 = (161/8) * (1/22) = 161/176. Verification / Alternative check: As decimals: numerator ≈ 20.125; denominator = 22; ratio ≈ 0.91534…; 161/176 ≈ 0.91534… — match. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 81/88 and 41/44: Close approximations but not exact; they come from halving 161/176 erroneously. 23/11: Results from adding before multiplying/dividing. 1: Occurs if you mistakenly evaluate both inner parts as 20. Common Pitfalls: Adding 20 before finishing ÷ and *; forgetting to convert 20 + 1/8 into an improper fraction before the final division. Final Answer: 161/176

Question 9

Evaluate the telescoping sum: 1/(1·2·3) + 1/(2·3·4) + 1/(3·4·5) + 1/(4·5·6). Express your result as a simplified fraction.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Series with triple products in denominators often telescope when rewritten with partial fractions. Recognizing the pattern 1/(n(n+1)(n+2)) allows rapid summation across consecutive n values. This problem tests that technique on four consecutive terms from n = 1 to n = 4. Given Data / Assumptions: Sum S = 1/(1·2·3) + 1/(2·3·4) + 1/(3·4·5) + 1/(4·5·6). All terms are positive rational numbers. We seek a single reduced fraction for S. Concept / Approach: Use the identity 1/(n(n+1)(n+2)) = 1/2 * [1/(n(n+1)) − 1/((n+1)(n+2))]. Applying this to each term causes consecutive terms to cancel (telescope), leaving only the first and the last boundary terms to evaluate. Step-by-Step Solution: Rewrite each term: 1/(n(n+1)(n+2)) = (1/2)[1/(n(n+1)) − 1/((n+1)(n+2))].Sum from n=1 to 4: S = (1/2)[1/(1·2) − 1/(2·3) + 1/(2·3) − 1/(3·4) + 1/(3·4) − 1/(4·5) + 1/(4·5) − 1/(5·6)].Telescoping cancels interior pairs, leaving S = (1/2)[1/(1·2) − 1/(5·6)].Compute: (1/2)[1/2 − 1/30] = (1/2)[(15 − 1)/30] = (1/2)(14/30) = 7/30. Verification / Alternative check: Approximate numerically: 1/6 + 1/24 + 1/60 + 1/120 ≈ 0.1667 + 0.0417 + 0.0167 + 0.0083 ≈ 0.2334, and 7/30 ≈ 0.2333 — consistent within rounding. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 11/30 / 13/30 / 17/30 / 2/15: These result from partial cancellations done incorrectly or arithmetic slips in the final subtraction. Common Pitfalls: Forgetting the 1/2 factor; misaligning telescoping boundaries; arithmetic errors converting to a common denominator. Final Answer: 7 / 30

Question 10

Add the mixed numbers: 3 2/3 + 2 3/4 + 1 1/2. Provide the result as a mixed number or an improper fraction.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Adding mixed numbers is a staple arithmetic skill. Converting to improper fractions or aligning fractional parts over a common denominator helps avoid mistakes, especially when the denominators differ. The goal is to compute the exact sum and present it clearly as a mixed number or improper fraction. Given Data / Assumptions: Numbers: 3 2/3, 2 3/4, and 1 1/2. All terms are positive. You may express the answer as a mixed number or an equivalent improper fraction. Concept / Approach: Convert each mixed number to an improper fraction to streamline addition. Use the least common denominator (12) for 1/3, 1/4, and 1/2. Add the fractional parts and the whole parts separately or proceed entirely with improper fractions, then convert back to a mixed number if preferred. Step-by-Step Solution: Convert to improper fractions: 3 2/3 = 11/3, 2 3/4 = 11/4, 1 1/2 = 3/2.Rewrite over 12: 11/3 = 44/12; 11/4 = 33/12; 3/2 = 18/12.Sum: (44 + 33 + 18)/12 = 95/12.Convert 95/12 to mixed form: 12 * 7 = 84; remainder 11 → 7 11/12. Verification / Alternative check: Add whole parts first: 3 + 2 + 1 = 6; fractional parts 2/3 + 3/4 + 1/2 = 8/12 + 9/12 + 6/12 = 23/12 = 1 11/12; total = 7 11/12. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 8 11/12 / 9 11/13 / 10 12/13: Whole or fractional parts mis-added. 95/12 is correct as an improper fraction, but the keyed correct option here is the mixed number 7 11/12. Common Pitfalls: Forgetting to convert to a common denominator; incorrect conversion back to mixed form; arithmetic slips when summing 44, 33, and 18. Final Answer: 7 11/12

Question 11

Solve the radical equation: cube_root(5568 / 87) + sqrt(72 * 2) = sqrt(?). Find the value under the square root (the radicand).

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Here different radicals combine in one statement. The expression asks for the radicand (?) such that the sum of a cube root and a square root equals a single square root. Recognizing perfect powers inside the radicals allows exact integer simplification without calculators. Given Data / Assumptions: cube_root(5568 / 87) + sqrt(72 * 2) = sqrt(?). cube_root denotes the principal real cube root; sqrt denotes the principal square root. All quantities are positive. Concept / Approach: Simplify each radical by factoring to known perfect powers. If the left side simplifies to an integer M, then we need sqrt(?) = M, so ? = M^2. This approach avoids squaring both sides at the start and keeps arithmetic clean. Step-by-Step Solution: Compute 5568 / 87. Note that 87 * 64 = 5568, so 5568/87 = 64.cube_root(64) = 4.Compute sqrt(72 * 2) = sqrt(144) = 12.Left side = 4 + 12 = 16.If sqrt(?) = 16, then ? = 16^2 = 256. Verification / Alternative check: Check: sqrt(256) = 16, which equals cube_root(64) + sqrt(144) = 4 + 12. Equality holds exactly. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 4 / 16: These are values of the simplified radicals themselves, not the required radicand. √2 / 128: Do not satisfy sqrt(?) = 16. Common Pitfalls: Misreading cube root as square root; forgetting that the question asks for the value under the square root; arithmetic slips when dividing 5568 by 87. Final Answer: 256

Question 12

Evaluate √289 − (√625 ÷ √25) using operator precedence (division before subtraction).

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This short radical arithmetic problem checks whether you apply operator precedence correctly. You must evaluate the division within radicals before performing the subtraction. The values here are perfect squares, so all square roots simplify to integers first. Given Data / Assumptions: Expression: √289 − √625 ÷ √25. Operator precedence: multiplication/division before addition/subtraction. All square roots denote principal (nonnegative) values. Concept / Approach: Compute each square root exactly, then perform the division, and finally the subtraction. Since all numbers are perfect squares, the operations reduce to simple integer arithmetic, making mistakes mostly about order rather than complexity. Step-by-Step Solution: Simplify roots: √289 = 17; √625 = 25; √25 = 5.Apply precedence: first 25 ÷ 5 = 5.Now subtract: 17 − 5 = 12. Verification / Alternative check: Rewrite as 17 − (25/5) = 17 − 5 = 12 — confirms the same result. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 17 or 15: Arise from subtracting before dividing, or miscomputing a square root. -8/5: Comes from mishandled order and sign together. 10: A common incorrect mental slip (17 − 7) not present here. Common Pitfalls: Doing subtraction before division; treating √625 ÷ √25 as √(625/25) without confirming both are positive (it is valid here, still giving 5, but many misapply in other contexts). Final Answer: 12

Question 13

Simplification with proportional variables: If 0.764 × B = 1.236 × A, compute the value of the expression (B − A) / (B + A). Provide the exact decimal value.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This problem checks your ability to transform a proportional relationship between two variables into a simple ratio expression. Given 0.764 × B = 1.236 × A, you are asked to evaluate (B − A) / (B + A) without finding A and B individually. Such questions are common in aptitude tests because they reward algebraic manipulation and careful handling of ratios. Given Data / Assumptions: Equation: 0.764 * B = 1.236 * A. Expression to find: (B − A) / (B + A). A and B are positive real numbers (typical in simplification tasks). Concept / Approach: From 0.764 * B = 1.236 * A, write the ratio r = B / A = 1.236 / 0.764. Then substitute B = rA into (B − A) / (B + A) to get (rA − A) / (rA + A) = (r − 1) / (r + 1). This reduces the expression to a function of r alone. Step-by-Step Solution: Compute r = (1.236) / (0.764).Evaluate r numerically to get r ≈ 1.6178.Plug into (r − 1) / (r + 1): (1.6178 − 1) / (1.6178 + 1).This simplifies exactly to 0.236 (since r is an exact ratio here). Verification / Alternative check: Let A = 0.764 and B = 1.236 (any proportional pair works). Then (B − A) / (B + A) = (1.236 − 0.764) / (1.236 + 0.764) = 0.472 / 2.000 = 0.236, confirming the result. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 0.764 and 0.472 are intermediate numbers from the equation, not the final ratio. 2 and 0.618 do not satisfy the derived identity (r − 1) / (r + 1) for r = 1.236 / 0.764. Common Pitfalls: Solving for A and B individually (unnecessary), or inverting the ratio A / B instead of B / A when substituting, which changes the sign or value of the final expression. Final Answer: 0.236

Question 14

Evaluate the arithmetic expression 7059 − 2350 + 1936, then equate it to ? × 50 and find the value of ?. Show the intermediate sum clearly before dividing by 50.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a straightforward computation problem designed to test order-of-operations and accurate arithmetic. You must first simplify the left-hand side sum and then solve for the unknown factor in the form ? × 50. Given Data / Assumptions: Expression: 7059 − 2350 + 1936. Equivalent form: ? × 50. Goal: Determine ? from the equality. Concept / Approach: Perform the subtraction and addition in sequence. After obtaining the net total, divide by 50 to get the multiplying factor ?. Keep digits aligned to avoid arithmetic slips. Step-by-Step Solution: Compute 7059 − 2350 = 4709.Add 1936: 4709 + 1936 = 6645.Set 6645 = ? × 50, hence ? = 6645 / 50.Divide: 6645 / 50 = 132.9. Verification / Alternative check: Multiply back: 132.9 × 50 = 6645, exactly matching the simplified left-hand side. This confirms the division and the arithmetic on the sum. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 123.6, 132.3, 132.6, and 123.9 do not reproduce 6645 when multiplied by 50. Only 132.9 yields the correct original total. Common Pitfalls: Adding 2350 instead of subtracting it, or dividing by 5 rather than 50. Some also round prematurely, but the operations here resolve to a terminating decimal exactly. Final Answer: 132.9

Question 15

Compute the exact product: 786 multiplied by 964. Present the full integer result (no rounding).

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This problem tests accuracy and speed in multiplying two three-digit integers. While it can be done with a calculator, the purpose in aptitude settings is to practice reliable breakdown methods such as distributive expansion. Given Data / Assumptions: Numbers: 786 and 964. Operation: multiplication. Desired output: exact integer product. Concept / Approach: Use distributive multiplication to reduce errors: 964 = 1000 − 36. Then 786 × 964 = 786 × (1000 − 36) = 786000 − 786 × 36. Alternatively, split 964 as (900 + 60 + 4) and add partial products. Step-by-Step Solution: Compute 786 × 1000 = 786000.Compute 786 × 36 = 786 × (40 − 4) = 31440 − 3144 = 283 − 4? No, recompute carefully.Accurate route: 786 × 36 = (786 × 30) + (786 × 6) = 23580 + 4716 = 28296.Subtract: 786000 − 28296 = 757704. Verification / Alternative check: Check with partial sums: 786*(900) = 707400; 786*(60) = 47160; 786*(4) = 3144. Sum 707400 + 47160 + 3144 = 757704, matching the result. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 759276, 749844, 756984, and 75416 are typical of digit-slip or partial-product mistakes. Only 757704 is consistent across multiple decomposition methods. Common Pitfalls: Misplacing zeros when multiplying by powers of 10, or mixing up subtraction in the 1000 − 36 decomposition. Always recompute small components (like 786 × 36) carefully. Final Answer: 757704

Question 16

Evaluate the compound fraction: (5/8) × (2 3/5) ÷ (4/9). Convert the mixed number to an improper fraction and simplify to an exact fractional result.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question checks fluency with mixed numbers, improper fractions, and division of fractions. Success depends on consistent conversion and careful cancellation to avoid arithmetic bloat. Given Data / Assumptions: Expression: (5/8) × (2 3/5) ÷ (4/9). 2 3/5 is a mixed number, not a product of integers. Goal: Produce the exact simplified fraction. Concept / Approach: Convert 2 3/5 to an improper fraction: 2 3/5 = 13/5. Division by 4/9 is multiplication by its reciprocal 9/4. Multiply numerators and denominators and simplify if possible. Step-by-Step Solution: Rewrite: (5/8) × (13/5) ÷ (4/9) = (5/8) × (13/5) × (9/4).Cancel the common factor 5: (5/8) × (13/5) → (1/8) × 13.Multiply remaining: (13/8) × (9/4) = (13 × 9) / (8 × 4).Compute: 117 / 32. This is already in lowest terms. Verification / Alternative check: As a decimal, 117/32 = 3.65625. Back-multiplying confirms the same decimal from the original sequence, indicating no cancellation mistakes. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 213/27, 111/27, 223/32, and 321/32 arise from mixing the divide-by-reciprocal step or misapplying cancellation. None reduce to the correct value 117/32. Common Pitfalls: Forgetting to invert 4/9 during division, leaving the mixed number unconverted, or dropping factors during cancellation. Final Answer: 117/32

Question 17

Exponent equivalence: Evaluate (4×4×4×4×4×4)^5 × (4×4×4)^8 ÷ (4)^3 and express the result as (64)^?. Determine the integer exponent ?.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This exercise tests exponent rules and base conversion. The idea is to combine products and quotients of powers of 4, then rewrite the final result as a power of 64. Recognizing that 64 = 4^3 is the shortcut to matching bases. Given Data / Assumptions: (4×4×4×4×4×4) = 4^6. (4×4×4) = 4^3. Expression: (4^6)^5 × (4^3)^8 ÷ 4^3. Target form: (64)^? with 64 = 4^3. Concept / Approach: Apply exponent rules: (a^m)^n = a^(mn) and a^p × a^q = a^(p+q). For division, a^p ÷ a^q = a^(p−q). After simplifying to a single power of 4, convert to a power of 64 using base equivalence. Step-by-Step Solution: (4^6)^5 = 4^(6*5) = 4^30.(4^3)^8 = 4^(3*8) = 4^24.Product: 4^30 × 4^24 = 4^(30+24) = 4^54.Divide by 4^3 → 4^(54 − 3) = 4^51.Since 64 = 4^3, write 4^51 = (4^3)^(17) = 64^17. Verification / Alternative check: Reverse substitution: 64^17 = (4^3)^17 = 4^(51), exactly matching the simplified exponent on 4. Hence ? = 17. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 10, 11, 15, and 16 do not satisfy 3×? = 51. Only 17 makes 64^? equal to 4^51. Common Pitfalls: Adding instead of multiplying exponents in (a^m)^n, or forgetting to subtract exponents when dividing like bases. Final Answer: 17

Question 18

Simplify the radical expression: √289 − √625 ÷ √25, using standard order of operations (division before subtraction). Provide the exact integer result.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This test checks the correct application of order of operations to square roots and division. Remember that division is performed before subtraction unless parentheses indicate otherwise. Given Data / Assumptions: Expression: √289 − √625 ÷ √25. Standard order: evaluate square roots, perform division, then subtract. All roots are principal (non-negative) square roots. Concept / Approach: First compute each square root exactly. Then divide the results as indicated. Finally, finish with the subtraction. Avoid prematurely subtracting before handling the division to the right. Step-by-Step Solution: Compute square roots: √289 = 17; √625 = 25; √25 = 5.Perform division: √625 ÷ √25 = 25 ÷ 5 = 5.Subtract: 17 − 5 = 12. Verification / Alternative check: Rewriting: 17 − (25/5) = 17 − 5 = 12. No other operations apply, confirming the result. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 17 corresponds to ignoring the division term. 15 and 10 arise from mixing addition or miscomputing 25/5. −8/5 comes from an incorrect ordering or sign error. Common Pitfalls: Subtracting 25 first or treating √625 ÷ √25 as √(625/25) only after subtraction; although √625 ÷ √25 equals √(625/25) numerically, the subtraction must wait until the division is completed. Final Answer: 12

Question 19

If 0.764 × P = 1.236 × Q, determine the exact decimal value of (Q − P) / (Q + P). Do not compute P or Q separately; use ratio manipulation.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This problem mirrors a common ratio trick: you are given a linear relation between P and Q and asked for (Q − P) / (Q + P). The key is to express one variable in terms of the other and reduce the expression to a function of a single ratio. Given Data / Assumptions: Equation: 0.764 * P = 1.236 * Q. Expression needed: (Q − P) / (Q + P). All values are real and finite. Concept / Approach: From 0.764P = 1.236Q, obtain the ratio k = P / Q = 1.236 / 0.764. Then substitute P = kQ into (Q − P) / (Q + P) to get (Q − kQ) / (Q + kQ) = (1 − k) / (1 + k). This avoids finding numeric P and Q. Step-by-Step Solution: Compute k = P / Q = 1.236 / 0.764 ≈ 1.6178.Form (1 − k) / (1 + k) = (1 − 1.6178) / (1 + 1.6178).Evaluate: (−0.6178) / 2.6178 ≈ −0.236 exactly for this ratio.Thus, (Q − P) / (Q + P) = −0.236. Verification / Alternative check: Pick convenient proportional values obeying 0.764P = 1.236Q, for example let Q = 0.764 and P = 1.236. Then (Q − P) / (Q + P) = (0.764 − 1.236) / (0.764 + 1.236) = (−0.472) / 2.000 = −0.236. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 0.236 and 0.472 are magnitudes seen in the arithmetic but the correct signed value is negative. 0.764 and 2 are unrelated to the final ratio form. Common Pitfalls: Inverting the ratio (using Q/P) or dropping the negative sign when computing (Q − P). Pay attention to which variable is subtracted. Final Answer: -0.236

Question 20

A rope of length 120 m is cut into 3 equal parts. Find the exact length of each part in metres, showing the division clearly.

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a basic unit-division problem, frequently appearing in simplification sections to confirm careful handling of units and equal partitions. Given Data / Assumptions: Total rope length = 120 m. Number of equal parts = 3. All parts are exactly equal and measured in metres. Concept / Approach: The length of each equal part is the total length divided by the number of parts. No further conversion is necessary because the units are already consistent (metres). Step-by-Step Solution: Each part = Total length / Number of parts.Compute = 120 / 3 = 40.Therefore each part measures 40 m. Verification / Alternative check: Add back: 40 m + 40 m + 40 m = 120 m, which matches the original rope length. Why Other Options Are Wrong: 30 m and 25 m imply incorrect divisors. 50 m and 60 m would total 150 m or 180 m when tripled, not 120 m. Common Pitfalls: Mistakenly subtracting or assuming non-equal parts. The statement clearly says “3 equal parts,” implying direct division. Final Answer: 40 m

Simplification Questions