MIS scope check: The Management Information System (MIS) supports decision-making with timely information. Which sub-system listed below does NOT belong as an MIS sub-system?

Introduction / Context:
MIS is an umbrella for information flows that aid planning, control, and decisions. Typical MIS sub-systems include operational/tactical reporting, decision support, and office automation. The networking and telecommunications stack is enabling infrastructure, not an MIS sub-system per se.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• MIS sub-systems deliver information artifacts to managers.
• Data communications provide transport, not managerial content.
• Office automation (documents, email, workflow) supports information creation and dissemination.

Concept / Approach:
Differentiate application sub-systems (provide managerial information) from infrastructure (provides connectivity). Operational/tactical reporting summarizes transactions; DSS provides models for analysis; office automation handles content creation and collaboration. Data communications enable all of these but are categorized as infrastructure/IT services.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Systems frameworks separate the applications layer from the network/transport layers; MIS sits at the application/information layer.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Operational/Tactical: core MIS reporting.
• DSS: standard MIS analytical component.
• Automated Office: supports MIS content and workflows.

Common Pitfalls:
Assuming anything IT-related is an MIS sub-system; infrastructure underpins but is not equal to MIS.

Final Answer:
Data Communication System