Statement–Courses of Action (organisational restructuring with retired professors): If inviting retired professors to deliberate on restructuring may benefit the Institute, decide which course(s) follow—(I) seek employees' opinions before calling retired professors, (II) involve experienced people to ensure systematic restructuring—based on relevance to the stated benefit.

Given data

• Statement: Involving retired professors in restructuring deliberations may be beneficial.
• Course I: First take employees' opinions before inviting retired professors.
• Course II: Engage experienced people for systematic restructuring.

Concept / ApproachA following course must be directly connected to the stated utility: leveraging experience to improve restructuring.

Step-by-step evaluationStep 1: The statement supports the value of experience; Course II explicitly operationalises that by involving experienced people (which includes retired professors).Step 2: Course I is an additional procedural step not implied by the statement; it neither enhances nor tests the premise that retired professors' involvement is beneficial.

Verification / AlternativeWhether or not employee opinions are sought is orthogonal to the core claim; the actionable implication is to tap experience.

Common pitfalls

• Equating any internal consultation with a necessary precondition; the statement only argues for leveraging experience.

Final AnswerOnly II follows.