Statement–Courses of Action (trade policy and market behaviour): Imported fruits have become widely available in the domestic market, and demand for indigenous fruits has declined; which course(s) of action logically follow—imposing high import duties on these fruits even if domestic fruits are not of good quality, or instructing fruit vendors to stop selling imported fruits so that demand for indigenous produce rises?

Given data

• Imported fruits are more available; demand for indigenous fruits has dropped.
• Courses proposed: (I) Impose high import duty even if domestic quality is inferior. (II) Fruit vendors should stop selling imported fruits.

Concept/Approach (consumer welfare and feasibility)Valid courses should be fair, practical, and address the issue without unjustified harm to consumers or unrealistic controls on private vendors.

Step 1: Evaluate Course IRaising duties to favour lower-quality domestic fruits harms consumers and rewards inefficiency; the statement provides no justification for protectionism despite inferior quality.

Step 2: Evaluate Course IIOrdering vendors to stop selling imported fruits is impractical and anti-competitive without any legal basis indicated in the statement.

Verification/AlternativeA logical response (not among options) would be improving domestic quality and marketing rather than coercive restrictions.

Common pitfallsAssuming demand can be forced through protectionist or coercive measures irrespective of quality.

Final AnswerNeither I nor II follows.