Statement–Courses of Action (school results crisis): A majority of students in many schools are not passing the final examination; decide which action(s) logically follow—(I) close these schools as unproductive, (II) immediately retrench the teachers—considering due diligence, diagnosis, and proportionality.

Given data

• Observation: Many schools show a majority of students failing finals.
• Course I: Shut the schools.
• Course II: Retrench their teachers immediately.

Concept / Approach
A valid course should address root causes after diagnosis (curriculum gaps, resources, attendance, socio-economic factors) and avoid irreversible, punitive steps without evidence.

Step-by-step evaluation
Step 1: The statement flags poor outcomes but gives no cause. Immediate closures (I) or mass retrenchments (II) are drastic and unjustified without inquiry.Step 2: Logical first steps would include audits, remedial programs, teacher training, and resource enhancement—not proposed in I or II.

Verification / Alternative check
If later evidence implicates specific causes, targeted actions may follow; however, such evidence is not part of the present statement.

Common pitfalls

• Equating poor outcomes with automatic blame without investigation.
• Choosing irreversible actions that may harm students further.

Final Answer
Neither I nor II follows.