Assertion–Reason (Soil & Earthworms): Assertion (A): Earthworms are not good for agriculture. Reason (R): Earthworms break down soil into fine particles and make it soft.
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ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
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BBoth A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
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CA is true but R is false
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DA is false but R is true
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ENone of these
Answer
Correct Answer: A is false but R is true
Explanation
Introduction / Context:This item concerns the role of earthworms in soil health and agricultural productivity.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- A claims earthworms are not good for agriculture.
- R states earthworms fragment soil and loosen it.
Concept / Approach:Earthworms are widely recognized as beneficial: they aerate soil, enhance drainage, fragment organic matter, improve aggregation, and promote nutrient cycling (castings enrich soil). Their burrowing increases porosity, helping roots and water infiltration.
Step-by-Step Solution:1) A: False. Agronomy regards earthworms as “farmer’s friends.”2) R: True. By feeding and burrowing, worms create fine, friable soil and improve tilth.3) Hence “A false, R true.”
Verification / Alternative check:Observe vermicomposting and sustainable agriculture literature; earthworm activity correlates with improved soil structure and fertility.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:Any option treating A as true contradicts mainstream agronomy.
Common Pitfalls:Confusing earthworms with crop pests; overlooking context where excessive burrowing in very specific situations is a minor issue compared to overall benefits.
Final Answer:A is false but R is true.