Assertion–Reason (Planets):\nAssertion (A): Mercury is the farthest planet from the Sun.\nReason (R): Mercury is the smallest planet in the solar system.

Introduction / Context:
This basic astronomy item asks you to separate positional order from size ranking among planets.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Mercury’s orbital position and size are being compared.

Concept / Approach:
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun, not the farthest. Neptune is the farthest among the eight recognized planets. Mercury, however, is indeed the smallest planet since Pluto’s reclassification as a dwarf planet.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) A: False—Mercury is innermost.2) R: True—Mercury is the smallest planet.3) Therefore: A false, R true.

Verification / Alternative check:
Planet order from Sun outward: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Any answer claiming A true contradicts elementary planetary order; claiming R false ignores accepted planetary sizes.

Common Pitfalls:
Conflating “smallest” with “farthest” or misremembering Pluto’s historical status.

Final Answer:
A is false but R is true.