Statement — The chairman stressed the need for a more flexible education system and regretted that the curriculum has not been revised in pace with ongoing changes. Courses of Action — I. Review and revise the curriculum periodically. II. Make the education system more flexible.
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Aif only I follows
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Bif only II follows
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Cif either I or II follows
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Dif both I and II follows
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Eif neither I nor II follows
Answer
Correct Answer: if both I and II follows
Explanation
Introduction / Context:The statement contains two critiques: curriculum obsolescence and systemic inflexibility. Logical actions address each critique directly.
Given Data / Assumptions:
- Gap 1: curriculum not revised with changing needs.
- Gap 2: rigid system (paths, assessments, credit transfer).
- COA I: periodic curriculum review/revision cycles.
- COA II: systemic flexibility (modular credits, electives, stackable learning).
Concept / Approach:COA I targets content freshness; COA II targets structural adaptability. Both are necessary to meet the chairman’s concerns. Updating syllabi without flexibility still constrains learning; flexibility without relevant content remains hollow.
Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Institute review boards and employer advisory panels (I).2) Enable flexible pathways and credit mobility (II).3) Conclude both follow.Verification / Alternative check:Many modern systems adopt both levers; one without the other yields limited gains.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Only I/Only II/Either: incomplete relative to dual critique.Neither: contradicts the stated need.Common Pitfalls:Confusing content revision with structural reform—they are complementary.
Final Answer:Both I and II follow.