Statement — School dropout rate is very high in rural areas because children support their parents in income-earning activities. Courses of Action: I. Immediately expand public awareness programmes on primary education to educate parents. II. Provide compensation/support to rural families.

Introduction / Context:When child labour substitutes for household income, moral suasion alone rarely suffices; families need both awareness and economic alternatives. Effective remedies combine demand-side incentives with supply-side information and access.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Children drop out to earn.
• I: Awareness among parents about the value of primary education.
• II: Compensation/conditional support to offset lost income.

Concept / Approach:Awareness (I) can change preferences, but cash/food transfers, scholarships, or workfare (II) compensate opportunity costs, making school attendance feasible. Together they address both beliefs and budget constraints.

Step-by-Step Solution:1) Run village campaigns on long-term returns to schooling.2) Offer stipends/mid-day meals/conditional cash transfers to enrolled students.3) Monitor attendance and outcomes via school committees.

Verification / Alternative check:Conditional incentives plus awareness have improved enrolment/retention in multiple contexts.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:Only I/Only II/Either: partial fix; Neither: ignores both constraints.

Common Pitfalls:Overreliance on messaging without reducing economic pressure on households.

Final Answer:Both I and II follow.