Classification (history & religion): Three pairs match a ruler with their dynasty; one pair matches a spiritual figure with a religion. Identify the odd pair.

Introduction / Context:
General knowledge classification may blend political history with religion. Three options pair rulers with their dynasties; one pairs a spiritual teacher with a religion. We must identify the pair whose relation type differs.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Chandragupta → Mauryan dynasty.
• Babar (Babur) → Mughal dynasty.
• Kanishka → Kushan dynasty.
• Mahavira → principal Tirthankara in Jainism (religion), not a ruling dynasty.

Concept / Approach:
Separate “ruler→dynasty” from “religious figure→religion.” The latter is categorically different and thus the odd one out.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Substitute with another spiritual figure: “Buddha : Buddhism” shows the same differing relation type, confirming the oddity.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing religious founders/teachers with political dynasties; the domains differ.

Final Answer:
Mahavira : Jainism