Which newspaper uses the motto "Journalism of Courage" as its slogan?

Introduction / Context:
This question belongs to the area of media and current affairs. Many newspapers around the world use distinctive mottos or slogans to express their editorial philosophy. Knowing which newspaper uses the phrase "Journalism of Courage" is a favourite question in general knowledge exams in India, because it reflects both press identity and national media history.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The motto "Journalism of Courage" is given.
• The options are The Hindustan Times, The Washington Post, The Indian Express and The Guardian.
• We need to select the newspaper whose slogan is this motto.

Concept / Approach:
Indian newspapers often promote their editorials and investigative reporting through strong slogans. "Journalism of Courage" is closely associated with The Indian Express, emphasising its role in investigative journalism and fearless reporting. The Hindustan Times uses different taglines, while The Washington Post and The Guardian are major foreign newspapers with their own distinct slogans or taglines.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recall the major Indian English dailies and their reputations. The Indian Express is known for strong investigative stories and critical editorials. Step 2: The motto "Journalism of Courage" is widely advertised in connection with The Indian Express and appears alongside its masthead and promotional material. Step 3: The Hindustan Times is another major Indian daily, but it does not use this specific slogan. Step 4: The Washington Post and The Guardian are international newspapers based in the United States and the United Kingdom respectively and have their own country specific brand identities. Step 5: Therefore, the only option that correctly matches the motto is The Indian Express.

Verification / Alternative check:
A quick look at copies of The Indian Express or its official website shows the phrase "Journalism of Courage" used as a key slogan. In addition, many media awareness and general knowledge books explicitly mention that this motto belongs to The Indian Express in India. Other newspapers listed in the options do not claim this specific tagline.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• The Hindustan Times is wrong because it uses different slogans and branding messages and is not identified with "Journalism of Courage".
• The Washington Post is wrong because, although it is a major American newspaper, this motto is not its slogan in Indian GK questions.
• The Guardian is wrong because it is a British newspaper with its own editorial tagline and does not use "Journalism of Courage".

Common Pitfalls:
Candidates may confuse Indian English newspapers with similar sounding names or may try to guess based on which newspaper they have heard of most often. Another pitfall is to think that a foreign paper with a strong investigative reputation must own this motto. The sure way to avoid such mistakes is to memorise a few key newspaper slogans, with "Journalism of Courage" firmly linked to The Indian Express.

Final Answer:
The motto "Journalism of Courage" is used by The Indian Express.