Question 1

Bengali is recognised as an official language of which one of the following Indian states?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: India is a multilingual country where each state can adopt one or more official languages for administration and education. This question checks whether you know in which state Bengali, one of the major Indo Aryan languages, has official status beyond West Bengal. It is a typical general knowledge item for exams that test awareness of Indian states, languages and cultural distribution. Given Data / Assumptions: • Bengali is a major language of eastern India. • The options list different Indian states from various regions. • We need the state where Bengali is formally recognised as an official language. Concept / Approach: The main approach is to connect each state with its primary official languages. Bengali is obviously associated with West Bengal and Bangladesh, but the question asks about another Indian state among the given options. Tripura, a small north eastern state, has a significant Bengali speaking population and uses Bengali as one of its official languages, along with Kokborok and English. The other states in the list use different major languages such as Malayalam in Kerala or Hindi and regional languages in the central Indian states. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall that Bengali is the dominant language of West Bengal and also widely spoken in the neighbouring state of Tripura. Step 2: Check Tripura. It has a mixed population of tribal communities and Bengali speakers, and Bengali is officially used in government and education. Step 3: Consider Kerala. Its official language is Malayalam, not Bengali. Step 4: Consider Uttarakhand and Chhattisgarh, where Hindi and regional languages are used officially rather than Bengali. Step 5: Since only Tripura is known for official Bengali status among the options, select Tripura. Verification / Alternative check: You can verify this through basic civics or atlas information, where state profiles list official languages. Tripura is usually described as a state where Bengali has a strong presence due to migration and historical ties with Bengal. None of the other listed states have Bengali as an official language at the state level, which confirms our reasoning. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Kerala: The official language is Malayalam, with English used for certain purposes. Uttarakhand: Hindi is the main official language, with some local languages in use. Chhattisgarh: Primarily uses Hindi and Chhattisgarhi dialects, not Bengali. Jharkhand: Uses Hindi and several regional tribal languages; Bengali is spoken by some people but is not the main official state language. Common Pitfalls: A common mistake is to assume that any eastern state might use Bengali officially without checking the demographic reality. Another error is to forget that many states recognise multiple languages but only some are official at the state level. To answer such questions accurately, connect each state with its core linguistic identity and check whether the language in question actually has official status. Final Answer: Bengali is recognised as an official language in the state of Tripura.

Question 2

Manas National Park, a famous wildlife sanctuary and tiger reserve, is located in which Indian state?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Manas National Park is one of the most important protected areas in India and is recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is famous for its rich biodiversity, including tigers, elephants and several rare species. Exam questions often ask about the location of major national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, because this knowledge links geography, environment and conservation awareness. Given Data / Assumptions: • Manas National Park is a national park and tiger reserve. • We are asked to identify the Indian state in which it is located. • The options mention states from different parts of India. Concept / Approach: National parks in India are usually strongly associated with particular states and river systems. Manas is located in the foothills of the eastern Himalayas and is named after the Manas river, a tributary of the Brahmaputra. This region lies in north western Assam, near the border with Bhutan. Remembering this geographical context helps to distinguish it from parks in other states like Maharashtra or Odisha. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall that Manas National Park is situated along the border between India and Bhutan in the eastern Himalayan foothills. Step 2: Know that this transboundary landscape lies in Assam on the Indian side and connects to protected areas in Bhutan. Step 3: Examine the options. Odisha and Maharashtra are farther south and west, not directly along the Bhutan border. Step 4: Sikkim and West Bengal also lie in the eastern Himalayas, but they are known for other parks such as Khangchendzonga National Park and Neora Valley. Step 5: Since Manas is consistently described in geography and environment texts as being in Assam, choose Assam as the correct answer. Verification / Alternative check: A quick mental association is to pair famous parks with states: Kaziranga and Manas with Assam, Corbett with Uttarakhand, Kanha and Bandhavgarh with Madhya Pradesh. When you apply this pairing method, Manas naturally fits with Assam. This cross check confirms that selecting Assam is reliable. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Odisha: Known for Simlipal National Park and Bhitarkanika, not Manas. Maharashtra: Hosts parks like Tadoba and Sanjay Gandhi, not Manas. Sikkim: Contains high altitude parks but not Manas National Park. West Bengal: Famous for Sundarbans and other sanctuaries, but Manas lies further east in Assam. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes confuse Manas with other Himalayan or north eastern parks because many share similar riverine and forested landscapes. Another mistake is mixing up Kaziranga and Manas, both located in Assam. To avoid this, remember that Kaziranga is associated with one horned rhinoceros along the Brahmaputra plains, while Manas is a hill and foothill park along the Manas river near the Bhutan border. Final Answer: Manas National Park is located in the state of Assam.

Question 3

The traditional Vallam Kali boat race is celebrated in which Indian state during major temple festivals and the Onam season?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Vallam Kali is a traditional boat race that has become an iconic symbol of the backwater culture of south India. It is widely featured in tourism campaigns, textbooks and documentaries about Indian festivals. Questions like this test familiarity with cultural geography, where states are linked with distinctive festivals, dances and sports. Given Data / Assumptions: • Vallam Kali is a traditional boat race, often shown with long snake boats rowing in rhythm. • It is associated with temple festivals and celebrations during the Onam season. • We must identify the correct Indian state among the given options. Concept / Approach: The name Vallam Kali comes from the Malayalam language, where "vallam" means boat and "kali" means game. Onam is the state festival of Kerala, and the famous snake boat races at places such as Alappuzha, Aranmula and Champakulam are a highlight of the season. By connecting the language, festival and backwater setting, we can directly link Vallam Kali to Kerala and rule out other coastal states. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall that Vallam Kali refers to spectacular boat races conducted mainly in backwaters and rivers. Step 2: Remember that the most famous boat races in India, including the Nehru Trophy Boat Race, take place in Kerala. Step 3: Connect Onam, a harvest festival celebrated with great enthusiasm in Kerala, with the timing of many Vallam Kali events. Step 4: Check each option. Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka are coastal states but do not have the same snake boat race tradition. Step 5: Conclude that Kerala is the only option that fits the cultural, linguistic and festival clues. Verification / Alternative check: Tourism materials, state government promotions and school books all showcase images of Vallam Kali as part of Kerala tourism. The races are organised on the Punnamada lake and other backwaters of Kerala, never in the deltas of West Bengal or the coasts of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. This external confirmation supports Kerala as the correct state. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Tamil Nadu: Famous for Pongal, classical dance and temple festivals, but not for snake boat races called Vallam Kali. West Bengal: Known for Durga Puja and Ganga delta culture, not for Vallam Kali tradition. Andhra Pradesh: Has its own riverine traditions, but lacks the famous Vallam Kali style races. Karnataka: Coastal state on the Arabian Sea but not associated with this specific Malayalam boat race. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes assume that any coastal or backwater state might host similar boat races and guess randomly among southern options. The key is to notice the link with the Malayalam name and the Onam festival, which both point strongly to Kerala. Memorising such cultural associations greatly improves accuracy in geography and culture questions. Final Answer: The Vallam Kali boat race is celebrated in the state of Kerala.

Question 4

The Indian Institute of Science, a premier research university in India, is located in which Indian city?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: The Indian Institute of Science is one of the most prestigious higher education and research institutions in India. It plays a central role in science and engineering research and often appears in competitive exam questions related to education, institutions and Indian geography. This question asks you to identify the city where this famous institute is located. Given Data / Assumptions: • The institute is called the Indian Institute of Science. • It is a leading research university with national and international recognition. • We must choose the correct city from the options provided. Concept / Approach: Major institutes in India are often directly associated with the cities that host them, and these associations are frequently tested. The Indian Institute of Science is traditionally known in short form as IISc Bangalore. The campus is located in the city of Bangalore, now officially called Bengaluru, in the state of Karnataka. Recognising this common pairing is the key to solving the question. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall the full name often used in news and academic references: Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. Step 2: Connect IISc with Bengaluru, which is a major hub for information technology and higher education. Step 3: Check the distractor cities. Hyderabad and Chennai also host famous institutions but not IISc. Step 4: Note that New Delhi and Kolkata have their own central universities and institutes but are not the home of the Indian Institute of Science. Step 5: Therefore, select Bangalore as the correct city. Verification / Alternative check: If you have ever looked up IISc admission information or rankings, it is almost always written as IISc Bangalore. Entrance exam brochures and science news articles also reinforce this association. No standard reference calls it IISc Hyderabad or IISc Delhi, so there is no ambiguity about the correct choice. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Hyderabad: Hosts institutes like the University of Hyderabad and research centres, but not the Indian Institute of Science. Chennai: Known for IIT Madras and several universities, not IISc. New Delhi: Capital city with institutions such as Delhi University and JNU, but IISc is not located here. Kolkata: Important educational centre, but the main science institute in question is not based there. Common Pitfalls: One common error is to confuse IISc with IITs or other central universities and then select a city that is famous for a different institution. Another mistake is to think that the word Indian in the name implies New Delhi as the location. To avoid such confusion, always pair institution names with their real campuses, for example IISc with Bangalore and ISRO headquarters with Bengaluru as well. Final Answer: The Indian Institute of Science is located in the city of Bangalore.

Question 5

The caves of Ajanta in Maharashtra are especially famous for which type of ancient Buddhist art?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: The Ajanta caves are a group of rock cut caves in Maharashtra that are world famous for their Buddhist art. They are regularly mentioned in school history and art textbooks and are part of the cultural heritage topics in many competitive exams. This question focuses on the specific artistic feature that makes Ajanta globally renowned. Given Data / Assumptions: • Ajanta caves are Buddhist rock cut caves in Maharashtra. • The question asks what they are especially famous for. • The options list different forms of art and structures. Concept / Approach: While Ajanta does have sculptures and architectural elements, its greatest fame comes from the exquisite murals and fresco style wall paintings that depict scenes from the life of the Buddha and Jataka tales. These paintings are celebrated for their graceful lines, naturalistic poses and rich colours. Identifying this specific highlight allows us to choose the correct option. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall that Ajanta is included in art history chapters as an example of mural and fresco painting. Step 2: Visualise the interior walls of Ajanta caves covered with narrative panels showing royal courts, Bodhisattvas and common people. Step 3: Compare the options. Paintings directly match what Ajanta is most famous for. Step 4: Terra cotta, free standing temples and inscriptions are associated with other sites and styles. Step 5: Therefore choose Paintings as the correct answer. Verification / Alternative check: Standard descriptions of Ajanta in tourism brochures and UNESCO documents emphasise mural paintings above all else. Although there are rock cut chaitya halls and some sculpture, when a question asks what the caves are famous for, the expected answer in most exams is wall paintings. This aligns with the way Ajanta is taught in art history. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Terra cotta figures: Terra cotta is associated with sites like the Indus Valley and folk art traditions, not as the main feature of Ajanta. Stone sculpture only: Sculptures exist at Ajanta, but they are not the primary reason for its fame compared to the paintings. Free standing temples: Ajanta consists of rock cut cave shrines and monasteries, not independent free standing temples. Rock inscriptions: There may be inscriptions, but they are not the artistic highlight that exams usually focus on. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes confuse Ajanta with Ellora or other cave complexes where sculpture plays a bigger role. Another confusion is between temple architecture and cave architecture. To avoid mistakes, memorise simple associations such as Ajanta with paintings, Ellora with a mix of Buddhist, Hindu and Jain caves, and Konark with stone temple architecture. Final Answer: The caves of Ajanta are especially famous for their ancient Buddhist Paintings.

Question 6

According to the Census 2011 data, which of the following is the least populated state in India?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Population based questions are very common in Indian geography and polity exams. They test whether you remember which states are large or small in terms of population, which helps in understanding resource distribution, representation and development challenges. This question specifically refers to the Census 2011 data and asks for the least populated state in India among the options. Given Data / Assumptions: • The reference point is the Census 2011 population data. • The options include Sikkim and several larger states like Bihar and Maharashtra. • Union territories are not part of the options, so we focus only on states. Concept / Approach: The basic approach is to compare the general population sizes of the given states. Sikkim is a small Himalayan state with a relatively low population, while Bihar and Maharashtra are among the most populous states in India. Kerala and Haryana also have significantly higher populations than Sikkim. By recalling approximate rankings, we can confidently identify Sikkim as the least populated state among the choices. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Remember that according to Census 2011, Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state, followed by Maharashtra and Bihar. Step 2: Sikkim is a small state in the eastern Himalayas, known for its limited population and high literacy, and is often cited as the least populated state. Step 3: Kerala has a dense population and is not among the smallest in population terms. Step 4: Bihar and Maharashtra are both heavily populated and clearly cannot be the least populated states. Step 5: Haryana, though smaller than some, still has more people than Sikkim. Therefore Sikkim must be the correct answer. Verification / Alternative check: You can cross check from standard Census tables or summaries that Sikkim appears at the bottom of the list for population among Indian states. Exam preparation books often highlight this with simple facts such as largest state by population and smallest state by population. When you recall such pairs, Sikkim naturally stands out as the least populated state. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Kerala: Has a high population density and a substantial total population. Bihar: One of the top three most populous states in India. Maharashtra: Also among the most populous states and includes major cities like Mumbai. Haryana: Though smaller in area, it still has much more population than tiny Sikkim. Common Pitfalls: Learners sometimes confuse smallest area with smallest population and may think of states like Goa. Others forget that the question refers to states and not union territories, which eliminates places like Lakshadweep. To avoid confusion, remember separate lists for area and population and always note whether the exam is asking about states only or including union territories. Final Answer: As per Census 2011, the least populated state in India is Sikkim.

Question 7

New Mangalore Port, also called Nav Mangalore port, is located on the bank of which west coast Indian river?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: New Mangalore Port, sometimes written as Nav Mangalore port, is an important major port on the western coast of India. Ports are usually located near river mouths or natural harbours, and exam questions often ask you to match ports with the rivers or coastal features on which they are situated. This question checks your detailed knowledge of coastal geography and transport infrastructure in Karnataka. Given Data / Assumptions: • The question concerns New Mangalore Port on the west coast of India. • We need to identify the river on whose bank this port is located. • All options are names of rivers found mainly in southern India. Concept / Approach: The key concept is the relationship between ports and nearby rivers. New Mangalore Port is located near the city of Mangaluru in Karnataka. It is situated to the north of the confluence of the Gurupura, also known as the Phalguni river, with the Arabian Sea. While Sharavati, Kaveri, Kumaradhara and Periyar are important rivers, they are not the exact river bank associated with this port. Remembering the specific Gurupura river link is essential. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall that New Mangalore Port lies near Mangaluru in Karnataka on the Arabian Sea coast. Step 2: Associate Mangaluru with the nearby rivers Netravati and Gurupura, which form an estuarine system. Step 3: Note that New Mangalore Port is specifically located to the north of the Gurupura river mouth. Step 4: Examine the options. Kaveri and Periyar flow further south and empty into different coastal locations, not at Mangaluru. Step 5: Kumaradhara and Sharavati are also rivers in the region, but standard geography questions explicitly link Nav Mangalore or New Mangalore Port with Gurupura, so choose Gurupura. Verification / Alternative check: If you check standard exam guides or port location tables, New Mangalore Port is repeatedly described as being located at Panambur near the Gurupura river. Some references mention that it lies just north of the confluence of the Gurupura river with the Arabian Sea. Since no other option fits this description, Gurupura is the only correct choice. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Sharavati: Known for the Jog Falls, but not the main river associated with New Mangalore Port. Kaveri: A major river flowing through Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, draining into the Bay of Bengal, not near New Mangalore Port. Kumaradhara: A river in Karnataka but not the one mentioned in standard references for the port location. Periyar: The largest river in Kerala, associated with other projects and ports, not with New Mangalore Port. Common Pitfalls: Students often confuse rivers that are generally in the same region, especially when they know that a port is somewhere on the Karnataka coast but cannot recall the specific river name. Another pitfall is to select a more famous river like Kaveri or Periyar simply because it is better known. To avoid this, memorise port and river pairs such as Kandla with the Gulf of Kachchh, Kochi with the backwaters of Kerala and New Mangalore with the Gurupura river. Final Answer: New Mangalore Port is located on the bank of the Gurupura river.

Question 8

Which state government has planned to install a 221 metre bronze statue of Lord Ram in Ayodhya as a major pilgrimage attraction?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Ayodhya is a major pilgrimage centre associated with Lord Ram in Indian culture and religion. In recent years, proposals for very tall statues and large temple projects have been widely reported in the news. This question checks whether you know which state government proposed the 221 metre bronze statue of Lord Ram in Ayodhya, linking general knowledge of current affairs with basic Indian geography. Given Data / Assumptions: • A 221 metre bronze statue of Lord Ram is planned in Ayodhya. • Ayodhya is a city in northern India associated with Lord Ram. • We must identify the state government that took this initiative. Concept / Approach: The key is to remember where Ayodhya is located and which state government administers it. Ayodhya lies in the state of Uttar Pradesh on the banks of the Sarayu river. Therefore, any large infrastructure or cultural project in Ayodhya is planned by the Uttar Pradesh state government. Although other states have also installed big statues, such as Gujarat with the Statue of Unity, the specific Lord Ram statue in Ayodhya is a project of Uttar Pradesh. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall that Ayodhya, associated with Lord Ram, is located in Uttar Pradesh. Step 2: Understand that state level decisions about city projects are taken by the government of that particular state. Step 3: Recognise that news about the 221 metre Lord Ram statue mentioned the Uttar Pradesh government and Ayodhya together. Step 4: Check the options. Gujarat, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh do not contain Ayodhya. Step 5: Therefore the correct answer is Uttar Pradesh, the state where Ayodhya is located. Verification / Alternative check: You can verify from news articles and current affairs summaries that the proposal for a very tall Lord Ram statue near the Saryu river in Ayodhya is a flagship cultural project of the Uttar Pradesh government. Gujarat is associated with the Statue of Unity of Sardar Patel, which helps distinguish these two large statue projects. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Gujarat: Known for the Statue of Unity near Kevadia, but Ayodhya is not in Gujarat. Uttarakhand: Contains pilgrimage towns like Haridwar and Rishikesh but not Ayodhya. Himachal Pradesh: Mountainous state with its own temples but unrelated to the Ayodhya project. Madhya Pradesh: Central Indian state, not the location of Ayodhya. Common Pitfalls: A common mistake is confusing different mega statue projects in India. Some learners quickly think of Gujarat because of the Statue of Unity and may select it without carefully noting that the question is about Ayodhya and Lord Ram. Always pay attention to both the deity or person represented and the city location before deciding which state government is involved. Final Answer: The 221 metre bronze statue of Lord Ram in Ayodhya is planned by the government of Uttar Pradesh.

Question 9

In what way is geography described as an integrative science that connects different branches of knowledge?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Modern geography is not limited to drawing maps or listing places. It is often called an integrative science because it combines ideas and methods from many different disciplines. This question checks whether you understand why geography has this integrative character and how it connects the physical environment with human society. Given Data / Assumptions: • Geography studies Earth, including landforms, climate, resources and human activities. • The options describe links with physical sciences, social sciences and the combined physical human view. • We must choose the best description of geography as an integrative science. Concept / Approach: Geography has two broad branches: physical geography and human geography. Physical geography draws on disciplines like geology, meteorology, biology and oceanography to understand landforms, climate and ecosystems. Human geography uses concepts from sociology, economics, political science and cultural studies to examine human activities, settlements and patterns. Integrative science means geography brings together both types of knowledge and looks at how physical and human factors interact in real places. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Examine option A. It correctly states that geography borrows from physical sciences such as chemistry, biology, meteorology and geology. Step 2: Look at option B. It also correctly states that geography borrows from human and social sciences including cultural studies, economics and public policy. Step 3: Study option C. It says that geography examines Earth in both physical and human terms, which captures the central idea of integration. Step 4: Since all three statements A, B and C are true descriptions of how geography operates, the integrative nature is best summarised by the choice All of the above. Step 5: Therefore, select option D, All of the above, as the correct answer. Verification / Alternative check: Standard geography textbooks emphasise that geography is a bridge between natural sciences and social sciences. They describe physical geography, human geography and environmental geography as subfields that all interact. When you read about topics like climate change, urbanisation, or river basin management, you can see that both physical and human aspects are analysed together. This confirms that geography integrates all the elements described in options A, B and C. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Option A only: It is true but incomplete because it ignores the equally important human side of geography. Option B only: Also true but incomplete, because geography is not purely a social science. Option C only: Captures the core idea but does not explicitly mention the borrowing of methods from both physical and human sciences. Option E, None of the above: Incorrect because at least one, and in fact all three, of the earlier statements are valid. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes think geography is only about maps and landforms and forget the human component, or they focus only on population and economic geography and forget the physical base. Another common error is to choose one correct statement and ignore that the exam often uses All of the above when every statement contributes to a complete definition. Always read each option carefully and check if combining them gives a fuller picture. Final Answer: Geography is called an integrative science because All of the above statements correctly describe how it connects physical and human knowledge.

Question 10

The famous hill station of Kodaikanal lies in which of the following hill ranges in southern India?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Kodaikanal is one of the best known hill stations of southern India and is a popular tourist and educational centre. Exam questions often test whether you can correctly match hill stations with the ranges in which they are located. This builds your understanding of the physical geography of the Western Ghats and associated hill systems. Given Data / Assumptions: • Kodaikanal is a hill station in southern India. • The options list several hill ranges in the region. • We must choose the specific hills in which Kodaikanal lies. Concept / Approach: The key is to associate famous hill stations with their parent hill ranges. Ooty (Udagamandalam) is linked with the Nilgiri hills, while Kodaikanal is associated with the Palani hills in Tamil Nadu. Cardamom and Anaimalai hills are other parts of the southern Western Ghats but host different towns and plantations. Recognising these pairs helps to quickly eliminate incorrect options. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall that Kodaikanal is located in the state of Tamil Nadu. Step 2: Remember that the Palani hills are an eastward extension of the Western Ghats within Tamil Nadu. Step 3: Associate Kodaikanal specifically with the Palani hills, where it lies on a plateau surrounded by forests and lakes. Step 4: Review the other hill ranges. Nilgiri hills are further northwest and are associated with Ooty, Coonoor and Kotagiri. Step 5: Cardamom and Anaimalai hills also belong to the Western Ghats system but do not host Kodaikanal as their main hill station. Verification / Alternative check: Tourist guides, atlases and school geography books commonly describe Kodaikanal as a hill station on the Palani hills at an elevation of more than 2000 metres above sea level. In contrast, the Nilgiri hills are introduced with examples like Ooty and Doddabetta peak. This consistent pairing of Kodaikanal with Palani hills supports the selection. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Javadi hills: Located in Tamil Nadu but more associated with smaller towns, not with Kodaikanal. Nilgiri hills: Famous for Ooty and tea plantations, but Kodaikanal is not situated here. Cardamom hills: Located mainly in Kerala and Tamil Nadu, known for spice plantations, not for Kodaikanal town. Anaimalai hills: Also part of the southern Western Ghats with their own wildlife reserves, but not the home of Kodaikanal. Common Pitfalls: Learners often mix up Nilgiri and Palani hills because both lie in southern India and are part of the broader Western Ghats system. Another mistake is to remember Kodaikanal only as a Tamil Nadu hill station and then guess the hill range, choosing Nilgiri by habit. To avoid this, remember the specific pairings: Kodaikanal with Palani hills and Ooty with Nilgiri hills. Final Answer: The hill station of Kodaikanal lies in the Palani hills.

Question 11

Which of the following Indian states is the leading producer of soybean in India in terms of total output?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Soybean is an important oilseed crop in India, used for edible oil, animal feed and many processed foods. Questions about leading producer states for key crops are common in competitive exams, because they reflect regional patterns in Indian agriculture. This question asks which state leads in soybean production among the options given. Given Data / Assumptions: • The crop in question is soybean, a major kharif oilseed. • The options list central and northern Indian states. • We must identify the state that has the highest soybean output. Concept / Approach: Central India is the soybean belt of the country. States like Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Rajasthan contribute heavily to national soybean production. Among these, Madhya Pradesh is widely known as a top soybean producer and has often been called the Soybean State due to its large area and output. Therefore, the method is to recall this ranking and compare it with the options provided. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall that soybean is mainly grown in the central Indian states rather than in coastal or far eastern regions. Step 2: Note that Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra both have substantial soybean cultivation, with Madhya Pradesh frequently leading total production. Step 3: Compare with Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh, where soybean is not the dominant crop and plays a smaller role. Step 4: Rajasthan does grow soybean, but its output is still lower than that of Madhya Pradesh. Step 5: Therefore, the leading producer of soybean among the listed states is Madhya Pradesh. Verification / Alternative check: Agricultural statistics, government reports and exam preparation guides consistently show Madhya Pradesh at or near the top in soybean production. Maharashtra and Rajasthan usually appear behind it. Remembering such state crop associations is a standard part of Indian agriculture preparation and confirms the choice of Madhya Pradesh. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Chhattisgarh: Known more for paddy and other crops than for leading soybean production. Uttar Pradesh: Major producer of wheat, sugarcane and pulses, not the top state for soybean. Maharashtra: Important soybean producer but generally ranks below Madhya Pradesh in output. Rajasthan: Contributes to soybean production but does not surpass Madhya Pradesh. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes confuse Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh because both grow soybean on a large scale. Another issue is mixing soybean data with other oilseeds like groundnut and mustard, which have different leading states. To prevent errors, create a mental list linking each major crop to its top producing state, for example Madhya Pradesh for soybean, Uttar Pradesh for wheat and West Bengal for rice. Final Answer: The leading producer of soybean in India among the listed states is Madhya Pradesh.

Question 12

Which of the following Indian states is considered the most irrigated state in India in terms of the share of net sown area under irrigation?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Irrigation plays a crucial role in Indian agriculture, and some states have much higher irrigation coverage than others. This question asks which state is considered the most irrigated, usually understood in exams as the state with the highest proportion of net sown area under irrigation. Knowing this helps you understand regional differences in agricultural productivity and water use. Given Data / Assumptions: • The focus is on the most irrigated state in India. • Irrigation is measured mainly as percentage of net sown area under irrigation. • Options include Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Telangana and Bihar. Concept / Approach: In many textbooks and exam keys, Punjab is highlighted as the state with the highest irrigation intensity. Nearly all of its cultivated land is irrigated, due to canal systems from the Indus river tributaries and extensive tube well use. Haryana and some northern states also have high irrigation coverage, but they usually rank slightly below Punjab. Hill states such as Himachal Pradesh and newer states like Telangana do not match this level of irrigation intensity. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall that Punjab is part of the Green Revolution heartland with high yielding varieties and heavy irrigation. Step 2: Remember that a very large share of Punjab farmland is irrigated through canals and tube wells. Step 3: Compare with Haryana and Bihar, which are also well irrigated but still have slightly lower percentages of irrigated net sown area than Punjab in classic exam data. Step 4: Himachal Pradesh is a hill state with limited cultivable land and relatively lower irrigation coverage. Step 5: Telangana has important irrigation projects but does not surpass Punjab in overall irrigation intensity, so Punjab remains the most irrigated state in exam context. Verification / Alternative check: Standard Indian geography references and competitive exam guides list Punjab as the state with the highest percentage of net sown area under irrigation. It is also an important fact when explaining why Punjab has high yields of wheat and rice and plays a key role in national food grain procurement. This supports treating Punjab as the correct choice here. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Himachal Pradesh: Has scattered agriculture and orchards but not very high irrigation coverage. Haryana: Highly irrigated and part of the Green Revolution region, but slightly behind Punjab in classic rankings. Telangana: Developing its irrigation infrastructure but not yet considered the most irrigated state in India. Bihar: Has important river systems and canals but historically has lower irrigation coverage compared to Punjab. Common Pitfalls: Some students confuse the state with the largest irrigated area in absolute terms with the state having the highest percentage of irrigated area. They may also mix up information from different years or sources. In most exam syllabi, the standard fact presented is that Punjab has the highest share of irrigated net sown area, which justifies its description as the most irrigated state. Final Answer: The most irrigated state in India in terms of share of net sown area under irrigation is Punjab.

Question 13

The New India Youth Conclave, addressed by national leaders as part of a youth outreach programme, was held in which place in the state of Gujarat?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: The New India Youth Conclave was a major event aimed at engaging young professionals and students in discussions about development and national issues. It received wide media coverage because national leaders addressed the gathering. Questions about such events test awareness of recent political and social programmes as well as the geography of Indian cities. Given Data / Assumptions: • The event is called the New India Youth Conclave. • It was held in the state of Gujarat. • We need to identify the specific city or place within Gujarat where it took place. Concept / Approach: When recalling current affairs events like conclaves and summits, it helps to link them with the cities that hosted them. The New India Youth Conclave in question was organised in Surat, a major commercial city in Gujarat. While Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Vadodara and Rajkot often host conferences, this specific conclave is associated with Surat in exam oriented news summaries. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Remember that the New India Youth Conclave was highlighted in news reports about a youth outreach programme in Gujarat. Step 2: Recall that these reports repeatedly mentioned Surat as the venue. Step 3: Check the options. All are important cities in Gujarat, so you must rely on memory of the exact event rather than general importance. Step 4: Since standard current affairs sources link the conclave with Surat and not with Ahmedabad or Gandhinagar, select Surat. Step 5: Confirm mentally that there was no similar event with the same name in other listed cities during that period. Verification / Alternative check: Current affairs compilations and press releases about the New India Youth Conclave clearly state that it took place in Surat. This detail is repeated in many summaries used for government exam preparation, which helps fix the association in memory. No major source places this particular conclave in Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Gandhinagar or Rajkot. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Ahmedabad: A major city in Gujarat but not the venue for this specific conclave. Vadodara: Important industrial city, yet not mentioned as the host of the New India Youth Conclave. Gandhinagar: State capital that hosts many official events, but this conclave was not held there. Rajkot: Another large city in Gujarat, but again not associated with this event in the news. Common Pitfalls: A common mistake is to choose the state capital or the most famous city by default, such as Ahmedabad or Gandhinagar, when you are not sure of the answer. This strategy often fails for current affairs questions, because many events are deliberately hosted in other cities to promote balanced regional development. To improve accuracy, revise lists of important summits and conclaves along with their locations. Final Answer: The New India Youth Conclave was held in Surat in the state of Gujarat.

Question 14

At which location was the first commercial nuclear power plant in India set up for electricity generation?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Nuclear power plants are an important part of India's energy mix, and general knowledge exams often ask about the first nuclear power station or key reactor locations. This question specifically asks where the first commercial nuclear power plant in India was set up to generate electricity for the grid. Given Data / Assumptions: • We are concerned with the first commercial nuclear power plant used for electricity generation. • Options list several nuclear power plant sites in India. • We must select the earliest such plant. Concept / Approach: India's first commercial nuclear power station is the Tarapur Atomic Power Station in Maharashtra. It was developed with technological assistance and commissioned before other major plants such as Narora, Kaiga, Koodankulam and Rawatbhata. Therefore, the approach is to recall the chronological development of nuclear power plants in India and identify Tarapur as the first. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Remember that Tarapur Atomic Power Station, located in Maharashtra, was commissioned in the late 1960s as India's first commercial nuclear plant. Step 2: Check the other options. Koodankulam in Tamil Nadu and Kaiga in Karnataka are relatively new plants that came much later. Step 3: Narora in Uttar Pradesh and Rawatbhata in Rajasthan were also commissioned after Tarapur. Step 4: Since Tarapur clearly predates the others as a commercial station, it must be the correct answer. Step 5: Select Tarapur as the location of the first nuclear power plant in India for electricity generation. Verification / Alternative check: Standard exam preparation books and nuclear energy summaries consistently state that Tarapur Atomic Power Station was the first nuclear power plant in India. It is often paired with questions about its location in Maharashtra and the type of reactors used there. This repeated presentation confirms Tarapur as the right choice. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Koodankulam: A newer nuclear power plant in Tamil Nadu, developed in later phases of nuclear expansion. Kaiga: Located in Karnataka, it was commissioned after Tarapur and is not the first plant. Narora: A nuclear power station in Uttar Pradesh that came into operation later than Tarapur. Rawatbhata: Hosts the Rajasthan Atomic Power Station, but its commissioning followed Tarapur in the timeline. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes confuse "first nuclear reactor" or research reactors with the first commercial power plant, and they may also mix up locations like Rawatbhata and Tarapur. Another pitfall is remembering only the newest or most controversial projects and ignoring historical ones. To avoid this, pay special attention to lists of "firsts" in Indian science and technology. Final Answer: The first commercial nuclear power plant in India was set up at Tarapur.

Question 15

Which one of the following Indian rivers does not flow into the Arabian Sea but instead drains into the Bay of Bengal?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: India's river systems are divided according to the seas in which they drain. Some major rivers flow into the Bay of Bengal, while others drain into the Arabian Sea. This question asks you to identify the river that does not flow into the Arabian Sea among the options given, which is a common topic in basic Indian geography. Given Data / Assumptions: • We are comparing rivers that either flow into the Arabian Sea or the Bay of Bengal. • Tapati, Narmada, Periyar and Sabarmati are well known west flowing rivers. • Kaveri is a major river of southern India. Concept / Approach: Most large peninsular rivers, such as the Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri, flow eastwards into the Bay of Bengal. Only a few important rivers, like Narmada and Tapati, flow westwards into the Arabian Sea. Periyar and Sabarmati are also west flowing rivers draining into the Arabian Sea. Therefore, by remembering that Kaveri is an east flowing river, we can identify it as the exception among the options. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall that Kaveri originates in the Western Ghats of Karnataka and flows through Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. Step 2: Know that Kaveri finally empties into the Bay of Bengal near the eastern coast of Tamil Nadu. Step 3: Remember that Narmada and Tapati are classic examples of west flowing rivers that drain into the Arabian Sea. Step 4: Periyar is the largest river in Kerala and also flows westwards into the Arabian Sea. Step 5: Sabarmati flows through Gujarat and also drains into the Arabian Sea. Therefore Kaveri is the only river in the list not flowing into the Arabian Sea. Verification / Alternative check: River maps of India clearly show Kaveri joining the Bay of Bengal, while Narmada, Tapati, Periyar and Sabarmati all meet the Arabian Sea at different points on the western coast. Exam preparation summaries often classify Kaveri among the east flowing peninsular rivers and Narmada and Tapati among the main west flowing rivers, which supports this choice. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Tapati: Flows westwards through central India and enters the Arabian Sea near Surat. Narmada: Flows through a rift valley between the Vindhya and Satpura ranges and drains into the Arabian Sea near the Gulf of Khambhat. Periyar: Major river of Kerala flowing west into the Arabian Sea. Sabarmati: River of Rajasthan and Gujarat that flows into the Arabian Sea after passing near Ahmedabad. Common Pitfalls: Learners sometimes assume that all southern rivers flow eastwards or confuse the direction of lesser known rivers like Periyar and Sabarmati. Another mistake is to focus only on the source region and ignore the final drainage basin. A quick check of "east flowing versus west flowing" peninsular rivers helps avoid such confusion. Final Answer: The river that does not flow into the Arabian Sea but instead drains into the Bay of Bengal is Kaveri.

Question 16

Which among the following was declared the first national park of India and is now famous for tiger conservation?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: India has a large network of national parks, but one of them holds the distinction of being the first national park established in the country. This park is also well known today as a key tiger reserve. Questions like this are standard in environment and wildlife sections of competitive exams. Given Data / Assumptions: • The question asks for the first national park in India. • The options list several famous national parks. • The park in question is also strongly associated with tiger conservation. Concept / Approach: The first national park in India was established in 1936 as Hailey National Park and was later renamed after the hunter naturalist Jim Corbett. It is now known as Corbett National Park and lies in Uttarakhand. Although Keoladeo, Bandipur, Periyar and Kaziranga are also important parks, they were declared later and are not recognised as the first national park. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall that Hailey National Park, established in the 1930s, was India's first national park. Step 2: Remember that this park was later renamed Corbett National Park after Jim Corbett. Step 3: Note that Keoladeo is famous as a bird sanctuary in Rajasthan and became a national park later. Step 4: Recognise that Bandipur, Periyar and Kaziranga are well known but were notified as national parks after Corbett. Step 5: Therefore Corbett National Park is the correct choice as the first national park of India. Verification / Alternative check: Most environmental studies books clearly mention that Corbett National Park, earlier called Hailey National Park, holds the distinction of being the first national park in India. It is also one of the original Project Tiger reserves, which adds to its importance in conservation history. No other park in the options shares this specific historical status. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Keoladeo National Park: A famous bird sanctuary at Bharatpur, but declared a national park later than Corbett. Bandipur National Park: Located in Karnataka, declared later and mainly known as a tiger reserve of the southern region. Periyar National Park: In Kerala, famous for its lake and wildlife, but not the first national park. Kaziranga National Park: Located in Assam and world famous for one horned rhinoceros, but established as a national park after Corbett. Common Pitfalls: Sometimes students confuse the oldest wildlife sanctuary, oldest tiger reserve, and first national park. They may also be influenced by how often a park appears in news reports and mistakenly consider a more publicised park as the first. To avoid such confusion, remember the specific fact that Corbett National Park, originally Hailey National Park, is the first national park of India. Final Answer: The first national park of India is Corbett National Park.

Question 17

The Hollong Modular Gas Processing Plant, also known as HMGPP, is located in which Indian state?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: The Hollong Modular Gas Processing Plant, abbreviated as HMGPP, has appeared in news as an important energy infrastructure project. Questions that refer to such current affairs items often ask you to match the project with the correct state, combining general knowledge of energy sector developments with Indian geography. Given Data / Assumptions: • The project name is Hollong Modular Gas Processing Plant, HMGPP. • It processes natural gas from a field in north eastern India. • We must identify the Indian state where this plant is located. Concept / Approach: Natural gas fields and processing plants in the north east are mainly located in Assam and neighbouring states. HMGPP is associated with the Dirok gas field in the Tinsukia district. Tinsukia is in Assam, not in Arunachal Pradesh or Nagaland. Haryana and Uttar Pradesh are far from this region and are not known for such gas fields. Therefore, correctly linking Dirok and Tinsukia with Assam leads to the right answer. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall news items about the inauguration of the Hollong Modular Gas Processing Plant. Step 2: Note that the plant is associated with the Dirok field in the Tinsukia district. Step 3: Remember that Tinsukia is a district in the state of Assam in north eastern India. Step 4: Check the options. Haryana and Uttar Pradesh are northern plains states, not the location of this plant. Step 5: Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland are neighbouring hill states, but the specific district of Tinsukia belongs to Assam, so choose Assam as the correct state. Verification / Alternative check: Current affairs compilations and exam oriented notes on energy projects clearly state that HMGPP is located in Margherita or in the Tinsukia district of Assam. This connects the plant with Assam's natural gas industry, alongside other established oil and gas sites. No reference places HMGPP in any of the other states listed in the options. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Haryana: Landlocked northern state with no such gas processing plant associated with the Dirok field. Uttar Pradesh: Large state in the Ganga plain, not the site of the Hollong Modular Gas Processing Plant. Arunachal Pradesh: North eastern hill state, but the specific project in question is not located here. Nagaland: Also a north eastern state, yet HMGPP is not situated within its boundaries. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes remember only that the plant is in the north east and then guess a neighbouring hill state such as Arunachal Pradesh or Nagaland. Another mistake is ignoring district names like Tinsukia, which clearly point to Assam. When dealing with such questions, try to remember the full chain: project name, field name, district and state. Final Answer: The Hollong Modular Gas Processing Plant (HMGPP) is located in the state of Assam.

Question 18

Which one of the following words is different from the rest when you compare Indian state capitals and related names?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Odd one out questions are designed to test your ability to see patterns and classifications. Here the pattern involves Indian state capitals and how they relate to the names in the options. Identifying which word does not fit helps improve both logical reasoning and geographic awareness. Given Data / Assumptions: • The words listed are Shimla, Nagaland, Kohima, Imphal and Panaji. • Some of these are names of cities, while at least one is the name of a state. • Many of the city names are state capitals. Concept / Approach: The main idea is to classify the options into states and capital cities. Shimla is the capital of Himachal Pradesh, Kohima is the capital of Nagaland, Imphal is the capital of Manipur and Panaji is the capital of Goa. In contrast, Nagaland is itself a state, not a city. Thus Nagaland is the only option that is not a city level capital name, which makes it different from the rest. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Identify Shimla as a hill station that serves as the capital of Himachal Pradesh. Step 2: Recognise Kohima as the capital city of the state of Nagaland. Step 3: Recall that Imphal is the capital city of Manipur in north east India. Step 4: Note that Panaji, also written as Panjim, is the capital of Goa. Step 5: Observe that Nagaland in the list is not a city but a state. Therefore, Nagaland is the odd one out. Verification / Alternative check: You can double check this pattern by writing a quick mapping in your mind: Shimla equals capital city, Kohima equals capital city, Imphal equals capital city and Panaji equals capital city, whereas Nagaland equals full state. Since four options are capitals and one is only a state, the state name stands out as the different element. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Shimla: City and capital of Himachal Pradesh, similar in type to the other city names. Kohima: Capital city of the state of Nagaland, again a city level name. Imphal: Capital city of Manipur, fits the pattern of city capitals. Panaji: Capital city of Goa, also part of the capital city group. Common Pitfalls: Sometimes learners quickly notice Nagaland and Kohima together and get confused, because one is a state and the other is its capital. They may incorrectly think that Kohima is the odd one because it seems repeated with Nagaland, but the actual pattern here is city capitals versus state name. To avoid such traps, always check the category to which each option belongs rather than only noticing pairings. Final Answer: The word that is different from the rest is Nagaland, because it is a state while the others are capital cities.

Question 19

The National Science Centre, a major science museum and educational facility, is located in which Indian city?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: The National Science Centre is one of India's most important science museums, designed to promote scientific temper and public understanding of science. It is frequently visited by school groups and is mentioned in general knowledge material about museums and institutions. This question asks you to identify the city where it is located. Given Data / Assumptions: • The institution in question is called the National Science Centre. • It functions as a science museum and educational centre. • We must choose the correct host city among several large Indian cities. Concept / Approach: The National Science Centre is situated in the heart of the capital region and is often described in connection with other attractions of New Delhi. While cities like Bangalore, Hyderabad, Pune and Kolkata have their own science museums and research institutions, the specific name National Science Centre in exam context refers to the one in New Delhi under the National Council of Science Museums. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Recall that New Delhi contains several national level institutions and museums, including the National Science Centre. Step 2: Remember that the National Science Centre is located near Pragati Maidan and other central landmarks in Delhi. Step 3: Recognise that Pune, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Kolkata have regional science centres but not the main National Science Centre of this question. Step 4: Note that the name itself suggests a national level facility often placed in the capital city. Step 5: Therefore, choose New Delhi as the correct location. Verification / Alternative check: Tourism guides and school science trip itineraries for New Delhi frequently highlight the National Science Centre as a key stop. Additionally, official descriptions mention it as part of the network of science museums under the National Council of Science Museums, headquartered in Kolkata but with this flagship centre in New Delhi. No similar central level National Science Centre is associated with the other cities listed in the options. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Pune: Hosts educational institutions and smaller museums but not the National Science Centre referred to in this question. Bangalore: Known for technology and space science institutions, yet the National Science Centre is not located here. Hyderabad: A major city with research labs but not the city of the National Science Centre. Kolkata: Headquarters of the National Council of Science Museums, but the centre named here is specifically in New Delhi. Common Pitfalls: A common mistake is to confuse the administrative headquarters of the museum network with the location of individual museums. Another pitfall is assuming that cities known for technology, such as Bangalore, automatically host every major science institution. Careful reading of institution names and their usual city associations helps avoid such errors. Final Answer: The National Science Centre is located in New Delhi.

Question 20

In Indian performing arts and cultural geography, Jatra is a traditional folk theatre form associated primarily with which Indian state?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: Jatra is one of the best known folk theatre traditions of the Indian subcontinent, and it belongs to the larger study of Indian culture and geography. This question tests knowledge of regional cultural forms by asking which state is most closely associated with Jatra as a traditional theatre form. For competitive exams, identifying the cultural home of a famous folk performance like Jatra helps link art, language, and region, which is a common theme in Indian geography and culture questions. Given Data / Assumptions: • Jatra is identified as a traditional folk theatre form. • The options list four Indian states, and we must choose the state most strongly associated with Jatra. • We assume the question refers to the historically and culturally accepted association found in standard general knowledge sources. Concept / Approach: The approach is to recall which linguistic and cultural region nurtured Jatra as a popular folk theatre. Jatra has deep roots in Bengali culture, evolving as a mix of music, drama, and religious or social storytelling performed in open air for rural audiences. Therefore, the correct state is the main Bengali speaking state within India. The other states given in the options have their own rich theatre and folk traditions but are not considered the core home of Jatra in standard reference books and exam material. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Remember that Jatra developed as a folk theatre tradition in Bengali speaking areas. Step 2: Bengali speaking areas in India are mainly represented by the state of West Bengal. Step 3: Maharashtra, Bihar, and Andhra Pradesh are known more for other forms such as Tamasha, Nautanki, Burrakatha and other local theatre traditions. Step 4: Therefore, among the given options, West Bengal is correctly identified as the state most associated with Jatra. Verification / Alternative check: A quick verification is to check standard cultural geography or art and culture references, which consistently describe Jatra as a folk theatre of rural Bengal. When cultural organisations or examination oriented books describe Jatra, they explicitly connect it with West Bengal and neighbouring Bengali regions. No standard source treats Maharashtra, Bihar, or Andhra Pradesh as the primary home of Jatra, which confirms that choosing West Bengal fits accepted general knowledge. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Maharashtra: This state is better known for forms like Tamasha, Lavani and other Marathi folk traditions rather than Jatra. Bihar: Bihar has rich folk traditions, but Jatra is not identified as a core Bihari theatre form. Andhra Pradesh: This region has its own stage and folk forms such as Burrakatha and Harikatha, not Jatra as a primary genre. Common Pitfalls: A common mistake is to guess a state based only on familiarity or size rather than on specific cultural association. Another pitfall is assuming that because a theatre form may be performed in multiple places, any such state could be correct, but exam questions usually refer to the original or strongest association. Learners should form a mental map that connects key folk theatres like Jatra, Yakshagana, Tamasha, and Nautanki to their main regions. Final Answer: The correct choice is West Bengal, because Jatra is historically and culturally recognised as a folk theatre form of the Bengali region, with West Bengal as its principal Indian state.

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