Difficulty: Easy
Correct Answer: Variation can be caused by both genes and the environment
Explanation:
Introduction / Context:
Phenotypic traits arise from the interplay of genotype and environment. Quantitative genetics partitions trait variance into genetic and environmental components, with possible interaction between them.
Given Data / Assumptions:
Concept / Approach:
Phenotypic variance (Vp) is often modeled as Vp = Vg + Ve + Vgxe + error, where Vg is genetic variance, Ve environmental variance, and Vgxe their interaction. Both sources contribute to observed differences.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Verification / Alternative check:
Twin and adoption studies demonstrate contributions from both heredity and environment to many traits.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Common Pitfalls:
Over-attributing complex traits to a single cause; ignoring interaction terms and developmental timing.
Final Answer:
Variation can be caused by both genes and the environment
Discussion & Comments