Difficulty: Easy
Correct Answer: An offspring whose entire cellular genome is identical to that of one parent (the donor)
Explanation:
Introduction / Context:
Cloning in biology refers to producing genetically identical copies of a biological entity. In animals, this typically means making an organism whose nuclear genome matches that of a single donor. The question tests precision in the definition of a clone at the whole-organism level.
Given Data / Assumptions:
Concept / Approach:
A cloned organism derives its nuclear genome from one parent (the donor nucleus), not from two gametes. Thus, the correct definition emphasizes complete genetic identity to a single source genome in all cells (allowing for mitochondrial exceptions and somatic mutations post-development).
Step-by-Step Solution:
Verification / Alternative check:
Classic examples (e.g., Dolly the sheep) confirm nuclear genetic identity to the donor ewe supplying the somatic nucleus, not to both parents.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Common Pitfalls:
Confusing IVF with cloning; ignoring mitochondrial DNA differences while focusing on the nuclear-genome concept.
Final Answer:
An offspring whose entire cellular genome is identical to that of one parent (the donor)
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