Question 1

Statement: Some tablets are capsules. All capsules are syrups. Some syrups are medicines Conclusions: I. Some syrups are powders. II. Some syrups are tablets.

Accepted Answer

Some syrups are medicines + All medicine are powder = I + A + I = Some syrups are powders. Hence I follow. Some tablets are capsules + All capsules are syrups = I + A + I = Some tablets are syrups → conversion → Some syrups are tablets (I). Hence II follows.

Question 2

Statement: All benches are cots. No cot is lamp. Some lamps are candles. Conclusions: I. Some cots are benches. II. Some candles are cost.

Accepted Answer

All benches are cots (A) → conversion → Some cots are benches (I) Hence follows. No cot is lamp + Some lamps are candles = I + E = O* = Some candles are not cots Hence II does not follow.

Question 3

Statement: Some cats are dogs. All dogs are goats. All goats are walls. Conclusions: I. Some walls are dogs. II. Some walls are cats.

Accepted Answer

All dogs are goats + All goats are walls = A + A = A = All dogs are walls. (I) Hence I follows. Some cats are dogs + All dogs are walls = 1 + A = I = Some cats are wall → conversion → Some walls are cats. (I) Hence II follows.

Question 4

Statement: Some buildings are benches. Some sofas are benches. Some benches are sofas. Conclusions: I. Some tables are sofas. II. No table is sofa.

Accepted Answer

Some sofas are benches + Some benches are tables = I + I = No conclusion. Hence I and II do not follow by combination. However, since they make a complementary E-I pair, either of the two must follow.

Question 5

Statement: All rats are bats. Some bats are desks. All desks are chairs. Conclusions: I. Some desks are rats. II. Some chair are rats.

Accepted Answer

All rats are bats + Some bats are desks = I + A = No conclusion Hence I and subsequently II do not follow.

Question 6

Statement: Some roads are ponds. All ponds are stores. Some stores are bags. Conclusions: I. Some bags are ponds. II. Some stores are roads.

Accepted Answer

All ponds are stores + Some stores are bags = I + A = No conclusion Hence I does not follow. Some roads are ponds + All ponds are stores = I + A = I = Some roads are stores → conversion → Some stores are roads (I) Hence II follows.

Question 7

Two statements are followed by alternatives. Mark the correct alternative that follows : All Asians are wise. All Chinese are Asian Therefore,

Accepted Answer

Since both the Premises are Universal Affirmative (A - type) and these can be aligned by changing the order of Premises, the Conclusion should be Universal Affirmative. All Chinese are Asians. ↔ All Asians are wise. Therefore, All Chinese are wise. This is conclusion (3). Here, it should be noted that the Conclusion given in option (1) is the implication of the derived Conclusion and hence it is also valid.

Question 8

Statements: (a) All books are novels. (b) Some novels are poems. Conclusions: (I) Some books are poems. (II) Some poems are novels.

Accepted Answer

First Premise in Universal Affirmative (A - type). Second Premise is Particular Affirmative (I - type). All books are novels. ↔ Some novels are poems. A + I ⇒ No Conclusion Conclusion II is Converse of the second Premise.

Question 9

Statements: I. Some birds are clouds. II. Horse is a bird. Conclusions: I. Some clouds are birds. II. Horse is not a cloud.

Accepted Answer

Statement I is Particular Affirmative (I-type) Statement II is Universal Affirmative (A-type). Horse is a bird. ↔ Some birds are clouds. A + I ⇒ No Conclusion Conclusion I is Converse of the Statement I.

Question 10

Statements: (a) Some politicians are social workers. (b) All doctors are social workers. Conclusions: I. Some doctors are politicians II. Some social workers are doctors as well as politicians

Accepted Answer

First Premise is Particular Affirmative (I – type). Second Premise is Universal Affirmative (A – type). All doctors are social workers. ↔ Some social workers are politicians. A + I ⇒ No Conclusion.

Question 11

Statements: All University Professors have a doctorate degree. X is a lady professor. Conclusions: I. X does not have a Doctorate degree. II. Only men Professors have a Doctorate degree.

Accepted Answer

Both the premises are Universal Affirmative. We can align the premises by changing their order. Thus, X is a lady professor. ↔ All University professors have a doctorate degree. We know that, A + A → A - type conclusion. Thus our derived conclusion would be "X has a doctorate degree".

Question 12

Statement: All philosophers are men. Socrates was a philosopher. Conclusion: I. Socrates was a man. II. Women cannot become philosophers.

Accepted Answer

All philosophers without exception are men. So no woman can be philosopher.

Question 13

No monkey can sing but some monkeys can talk. If the above statement is correct, then which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

Clearly, all monkeys cannot sign.

Question 14

Statements: (A) No cow is a chair. (B) All chairs are tables. Conclusions: I. Some tables are chairs. II. Some tables are cows. III. Some chairs are cows. IV. No table is a cow.

Accepted Answer

First Premise is Universal Negative (E-type). Second Premise is Universal Affirmative (A-type). No cow is chair. ↔ All chairs are tables. E + A ⇒ O1 – type of Conclusion "Some tables are not cows." Conclusion I is Converse of the second Premise. Therefore, Conclusion I follows. Conclusions II and IV form Complementary Pair. Therefore, either Conclusion II or IV follows. Thus, Conclusion I and Conclusion II or IV follow. There is no such options.

Question 15

Statements: No man is intelligent. All women are intelligent. Conclusions: I. No man is a woman. II. No woman is a man.

Accepted Answer

First Premise is Universal Negative (E-type). Second Premise is Universal Affirmative (A-type). We can align the Premises by Converting the first Premise and changing their order. Thus, All women are intelligent. ↔ No intelligent is a man . we know that, A + E ⇒E-type Conclusion Thus our derived Conclusion would be: "No woman is a man" This is the Conclusion II. Conclusion I is the Converse of this Conclusion. Therefore, both the Conclusions I and II follow.

Question 16

Statements: All carts are cars. All cars are trains. So Conclusions: I. All carts are trains. II. All trains are carts.

Accepted Answer

Both the Premises are Universal Affirmative (A–type). All carts are cars. ↔ All cars are trains. A + A ⇒ A-type of Conclusion "All carts are trains." This is Conclusion I.

Question 17

Statements: All soldiers are men. Some citizens are soldiers. Conclusions: I. Some citizens are men. II. All soldiers are citizens.

Accepted Answer

We can align the premises by changing their order: Some citizens are solidiers. ↔ All solidiers are men. We know that I + A → I type conclusion Thus, our derived conclusion would be: "Some citizens are men". This is conclusion on I.

Question 18

Statements: (a) Some shoes are White. (b) All White are Blue. Conclusions: I. All shoes are Blue. II. Some shoes are Blue.

Accepted Answer

First Premise is Particular Affirmative (I-type) Second Premise is Universal Affirmative (A-type). Some shoes are white. ↔ All white are blue. I + A ⇒ I-type of Conclusion "Some shoes are blue." This is Conclusion II.

Question 19

Statements: Some files are numbered. All numbers are coded. Inferences:

Accepted Answer

Both the Premises are Universal Affirmative (A-type). All files are numbered. ↔ All numbers are coded. A + A ⇒ A-type of Conclusion "All files are coded." This is Conclusion I.

Question 20

Statements: (a) All goats are tigers. (b) All tigers are lions. Conclusions: I. All tigers are goats. II. All lions are tigers. III. No goat is a lion. IV. No lion is a goat.

Accepted Answer

Both the Premises are Universal Affirmative (A-type). All goats are tigers. ↔ All tigers are lions. A + A ⇒ A-type of Conclusion "All goats are lions."

Syllogism Questions