Question 1

In the alphanumeric series C11, V17, O23, which of the following terms correctly completes the pattern as the next element?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This problem involves an alphanumeric series where each term combines a letter with a number: C11, V17, O23, ?. You must find the next combined term. Such questions usually hide one pattern in the letters and another in the numbers. Spotting both patterns is essential. Given Data / Assumptions: Series: C11, V17, O23, ? Letters: C, V, O, ? Numbers: 11, 17, 23, ? Alphabet positions: A 1 to Z 26. We assume separate but consistent patterns in the letter component and the numeric component. Concept / Approach: We split the series into two subsequences: a letter sequence and a numeric sequence. For the numbers, we look for a simple arithmetic progression. For the letters, we look at their positions and check whether a constant difference is applied, possibly using wrap around arithmetic modulo 26. Once both rules are found, we apply them once more to obtain the next term. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Examine the numeric sequence: 11, 17, 23. Step 2: Compute differences: 17 minus 11 equals 6, and 23 minus 17 equals 6. So the numbers form an arithmetic progression with a common difference of 6. Step 3: Continue this pattern: 23 plus 6 equals 29. Thus the next numeric part is 29. Step 4: Now examine the letters C, V, O. Convert to positions: C 3, V 22, O 15. Step 5: Compute the differences moving from left to right. From 3 to 22 is an increase of 19, which is equivalent to minus 7 modulo 26 (because 3 minus 7 equals minus 4, and plus 26 gives 22). Step 6: From 22 to 15 is a decrease of 7. So effectively, each step in the letter sequence is negative 7 positions. Step 7: Apply the same rule again. From O 15, subtract 7 to get 8, which corresponds to the letter H. Step 8: Therefore, the next term in the series should combine H with 29, giving H29. Verification / Alternative check: We can summarise the pattern: letters move as C (3) to V (22) to O (15) to H (8), each time minus 7 positions, while numbers move as 11, 17, 23, 29, each time plus 6. Checking the answer choices, only H29 matches both the required letter and the required number simultaneously. Other combinations such as I29 or H31 fit only one part of the rule, not both. Why Other Options Are Wrong: H31 has the correct letter but the wrong number, since 31 does not follow the plus 6 pattern (23 plus 6 equals 29, not 31). I29 has the correct number but the wrong letter because I 9 would represent a decrease of 6, not 7, from O 15. I31 and G29 also break one of the two discovered progressions and so cannot be correct. Common Pitfalls: Some candidates focus only on the numbers and pick any option ending with 29, ignoring the letter pattern. Others focus only on the letters and forget to verify the numeric progression. A systematic approach always treats the letters and numbers as two separate sequences and confirms that a candidate option satisfies both rules before selecting it. Final Answer: The term that correctly completes the series is H29.

Question 2

In the letter pair series DK, FN, HQ, ?, which of the following pairs should replace the question mark to continue the pattern?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This problem asks you to complete a letter pair series: DK, FN, HQ, ?. Such series usually involve regular steps in the alphabet for both the first letters and the second letters. Recognising these steps allows you to predict the next pair quickly. Given Data / Assumptions: Given pairs: DK, FN, HQ, ? First letters: D, F, H, ? Second letters: K, N, Q, ? Alphabet positions A 1 to Z 26. Concept / Approach: We treat the first letters of each pair as one numeric sequence and the second letters as another. In many exam questions, both sequences have a constant difference, though the differences may be different for the first and second letters. After converting to numbers and finding the step size, we extend each sequence by one step to obtain both letters of the missing pair. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Convert first letters D, F, H to numeric positions: D 4, F 6, H 8. Step 2: The differences are +2 in each step (4 to 6, 6 to 8). Step 3: Continue the pattern by adding 2 to 8. This gives 10, which corresponds to J. So the first letter of the missing pair is J. Step 4: Now convert second letters K, N, Q to numbers: K 11, N 14, Q 17. Step 5: The differences here are +3 each time (11 to 14, 14 to 17). Step 6: Extend this sequence by adding 3 to 17, giving 20, which corresponds to T. So the second letter of the missing pair is T. Step 7: Therefore, the required pair is JT. Verification / Alternative check: We can check all pairs together: DK (4,11), FN (6,14), HQ (8,17), JT (10,20). In the first column, we have 4, 6, 8, 10, a simple plus 2 progression. In the second column, we have 11, 14, 17, 20, a simple plus 3 progression. No other suggested pair creates this consistent pattern across both columns. Why Other Options Are Wrong: KS would give first letter K 11, which does not follow the plus 2 sequence 4, 6, 8, 10. KT has second letter T correct but first letter K incorrect. JS gets the first letter right (J 10) but second letter S 19 breaks the plus 3 sequence 11, 14, 17, 20. JU similarly gives a second letter U 21, which does not match the required 20. Common Pitfalls: One common mistake is to look only at the second letters or only at the first letters, and then choose a pair that satisfies only one of the patterns. Another pitfall is guessing based on approximate positions rather than computing exact numeric differences. Always convert letters, compute the difference for each sequence, and verify that a candidate pair preserves both patterns. Final Answer: The pair that continues the series correctly is JT.

Question 3

In the triplet series UPM, BWT, IDA, PKH, ?, which of the following triplets should come next to continue the pattern?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question gives a series of three letter groups: UPM, BWT, IDA, PKH, ?, and asks for the next triplet. It is a typical alphabet series where each position of the triplet follows its own arithmetic progression in the alphabet with a fixed step and wrap around from Z to A. Given Data / Assumptions: Triplets: UPM, BWT, IDA, PKH, ? First letter sequence: U, B, I, P, ? Second letter sequence: P, W, D, K, ? Third letter sequence: M, T, A, H, ? Alphabet positions A 1 to Z 26. Concept / Approach: The strategy is to study each column separately. In many such questions, corresponding letters across triplets are generated by adding a constant number modulo 26. Once the step size is identified for each column, we apply it again to find the next letters in that column. Finally, we join those three letters to form the missing triplet. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Convert the first letters U, B, I, P to positions: U 21, B 2, I 9, P 16. Step 2: Compute differences moving forward modulo 26: From 21 to 2 is +7 (21 + 7 equals 28, minus 26 is 2). From 2 to 9 is +7, and from 9 to 16 is +7. Step 3: Continue the pattern: 16 + 7 equals 23, which is W. So the next first letter is W. Step 4: Convert second letters P, W, D, K to numbers: P 16, W 23, D 4, K 11. Step 5: Check differences: 16 to 23 is +7, 23 to 4 is +7 modulo 26 (23 + 7 equals 30, minus 26 is 4), and 4 to 11 is +7. Step 6: Continue: 11 + 7 equals 18, which corresponds to R. So the next second letter is R. Step 7: Convert third letters M, T, A, H to numbers: M 13, T 20, A 1, H 8. Step 8: Differences: 13 to 20 is +7, 20 to 1 is +7 modulo 26, and 1 to 8 is +7. Step 9: Continue: 8 + 7 equals 15, which corresponds to O. So the next third letter is O. Step 10: Putting all three results together, the missing triplet is WRO. Verification / Alternative check: Write the numeric forms of the extended sequence: UPM (21,16,13), BWT (2,23,20), IDA (9,4,1), PKH (16,11,8), WRO (23,18,15). Every column increases by 7 modulo 26: 21,2,9,16,23; 16,23,4,11,18; 13,20,1,8,15. This confirms a perfect uniform pattern, and WRO fits it exactly. Why Other Options Are Wrong: WPR has the correct first letter W but second letter P 16 and third letter R 18, which break the plus 7 step in the second and third columns. XPO starts with X 24 instead of W 23, ignoring the established increment. XRS and VQL also fail to maintain the +7 progression in all of the three sequences. Common Pitfalls: Some candidates look for a pattern only among the first letters and then guess a triplet that seems visually similar. Others overlook the wrap around behaviour from Z to A, which is crucial when seeing transitions like U to B or W to D. You should always check each column separately and verify that your candidate maintains the same numeric difference, including wrap around, for all positions. Final Answer: The triplet that correctly continues the series is WRO.

Question 4

In the letter series efg__eff_ghhe_eff_gggh_h, which one set of letters, when sequentially placed in the blanks, will correctly complete the pattern?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: In this question you are given a letter series with several blanks: efg__eff_ghhe_eff_gggh_h. You must choose a six letter sequence that, when placed in the blanks from left to right, produces a smooth, regular pattern. The letters used are e, f, g, and h, and the completed string reveals a very neat structure of repeated groups with increasing counts of each letter. Given Data / Assumptions: Skeleton pattern: efg _ _ eff _ ghhe _ eff _ gggh _ h. There are six blanks to be filled in order. Options: eghhfe, ghhhh, hegefh, hgefhe, egeffh. We expect a clear, systematic repetition of e, f, g, h once the blanks are filled. Concept / Approach: A good way to see the pattern is to try a promising option and examine whether the resulting string can be broken into meaningful blocks. For alphabet series built from a small set of letters, exam setters often create sequences where each group increases the number of times each letter appears. Here, using the correct option yields distinct blocks like efgh, eeff, gghh, eeefff, and ggghhh. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Label the blanks x1 to x6 and rewrite the sequence as e f g x1 x2 e f f x3 g h h e x4 e f f x5 g g g h x6 h. Step 2: Try option C, hegefh, which assigns x1 h, x2 e, x3 g, x4 e, x5 f, x6 h. Step 3: Substitute these values. The final sequence becomes: e f g h e e f f g g h h e e e f f f g g g h h h. Step 4: Group this sequence into meaningful blocks: efgh | eeff | gghh | eeefff | ggghhh. Step 5: Observe the structure. The first block efgh has each letter once. The second block eeff has two e and two f. The third block gghh has two g and two h. The fourth block eeefff has three e and three f. The fifth block ggghhh has three g and three h. Verification / Alternative check: The completed pattern shows a clear and elegant design: counts of letters increase from one to two to three, and e and f are grouped together, while g and h form their own group. No other option leads to such a clean sequence of blocks. If we try option A or D, the mixture of letters does not split into balanced groups like eeff or gghh, and the counts of each letter within a block become irregular. Option B and E also fail to create structured growth from one to two to three occurrences. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Using eghhfe or hgefhe or egeffh in the blanks leads to sequences where at least one block mixes letters unevenly, for example three letters of one type with only one of another, or does not produce distinct stages like efgh, eeff, gghh, and so on. The set ghhhh has only five letters and cannot even supply a unique letter for each blank, making it impossible to complete the pattern correctly. Thus these options do not result in an orderly, increasing repetition of letters. Common Pitfalls: Many candidates look only at the first few letters and try to match small segments without inspecting the structure of the entire sequence. Others expect a simple fixed step pattern between individual letters, rather than grouping letters into larger blocks. The most reliable method is to fill the blanks with each candidate set, then attempt to group the resulting string into visually or numerically balanced blocks. The block based pattern is very obvious once the correct letters are in place. Final Answer: The set of letters that correctly completes the series is hegefh, producing the blocks efgh, eeff, gghh, eeefff, and ggghhh.

Question 5

From the given alternative words, select the word which cannot be formed using the letters of the word "ERADICATE" (each letter used at most once).

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: In this word formation problem, you must decide which word cannot be formed from the letters of "ERADICATE" when each letter can be used at most once. This tests your ability to track letter frequencies and compare them between the base word and candidate words. Given Data / Assumptions: Base word: ERADICATE. Letters of "ERADICATE": E, R, A, D, I, C, A, T, E. Letter counts: E 2, A 2, R 1, D 1, I 1, C 1, T 1. Options: AREA, CARE, DICE, TASTE, TRACE. Each letter in the base word can be used at most once for forming a candidate word. Concept / Approach: For each candidate word, we count how many times each letter appears and compare these counts with the available letters in the base word. If a candidate word demands any letter that is not present or requires more copies of a letter than available, then that word cannot be formed. Words that require letters within the available counts are valid formations. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Note the available counts in ERADICATE: E 2, A 2, R 1, D 1, I 1, C 1, T 1. Step 2: Check "AREA". It contains A, R, E, A. Required counts are A 2, R 1, E 1. The base word has A 2, R 1, E 2, so "AREA" can be formed. Step 3: Check "CARE". It contains C, A, R, E. Required counts are C 1, A 1, R 1, E 1. The base word provides these letters, so "CARE" can be formed. Step 4: Check "DICE". It contains D, I, C, E. Required counts are D 1, I 1, C 1, E 1. All are available in the base word, so "DICE" can be formed. Step 5: Check "TASTE". It contains T, A, S, T, E. Required counts are T 2, A 1, S 1, E 1. Step 6: The base word ERADICATE has T 1, but "TASTE" requires T twice. It also needs S, which does not appear in the base word at all. Step 7: Since not enough T is available and S is completely absent, "TASTE" cannot be formed from ERADICATE. Step 8: Check "TRACE". It contains T, R, A, C, E. Required counts are T 1, R 1, A 1, C 1, E 1, all of which are present, so "TRACE" can be formed. Verification / Alternative check: The only problematic letters across all options are S and repeated T. Only "TASTE" contains S and uses T twice. The base word ERADICATE simply does not contain S and has only a single T, so there is no way to construct "TASTE". All other options use only letters that exist in ERADICATE, and none of them exceed the allowed count for any letter. Why Other Options Are Wrong: "AREA", "CARE", "DICE", and "TRACE" are all valid words that can be formed from ERADICATE. Each of them uses letters that are present in sufficient quantities, so they do not meet the requirement of being impossible formations. Therefore, they are incorrect choices for this specific question. Common Pitfalls: Candidates sometimes mark the longest word or a word that looks visually complicated as the impossible one without checking letter counts. Another frequent mistake is overlooking duplicate letters, such as the two T in "TASTE", and assuming that a single occurrence in the base word is enough. To avoid such errors, always count each relevant letter in both the base word and the candidate word carefully. Final Answer: The word that cannot be formed from "ERADICATE" is TASTE.

Question 6

In the word series Shy, Food, Plate, Recess, ?, which of the following words should come next to continue the pattern?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: You are given the series of words Shy, Food, Plate, Recess, ? and asked to choose the next word. Unlike typical reasoning questions that use purely alphabetical logic, this one is based on a simple length pattern in the number of letters of each word. Recognising word length patterns is a quick way to handle such verbal sequences. Given Data / Assumptions: Words in the series: Shy, Food, Plate, Recess, ? Options: Monsoon, Soon, Eat, Lunch, Season. We count the letters in each word to search for a numeric pattern. Concept / Approach: A straightforward approach is to look at the number of letters in each word and see whether they follow a simple sequence. Many exam questions use growing word lengths such as 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 letters. Once the pattern is identified, we pick from the options the word whose length fits the expected next count in the sequence. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Count the letters in each given word. Step 2: Shy has 3 letters. Step 3: Food has 4 letters. Step 4: Plate has 5 letters. Step 5: Recess has 6 letters. Step 6: The pattern in word lengths is 3, 4, 5, 6, which is a simple arithmetic progression with a difference of 1. Step 7: Therefore, the next word in the series should have 7 letters, continuing the length pattern. Step 8: Now check lengths of the options: Monsoon has 7 letters, Soon has 4, Eat has 3, Lunch has 5, Season has 6. Step 9: Only Monsoon satisfies the requirement of having 7 letters. Verification / Alternative check: We can think of the series purely as a sequence of lengths: 3 letter word, 4 letter word, 5 letter word, 6 letter word, 7 letter word. The actual meanings of the words are irrelevant to the pattern. Monsoon is the only candidate that extends this series neatly to 7 letters. No other option fits the strictly increasing length pattern by exactly one letter each time. Why Other Options Are Wrong: Soon is only 4 letters long and would break the increasing pattern by repeating a previous length. Eat has 3 letters, which would move backward in length. Lunch has 5 letters and Season has 6 letters; both repeat previous lengths rather than extend the sequence. Therefore, none of these can be the correct continuation. Common Pitfalls: Some test takers try to associate the words with meals or times of day, looking for a thematic link, but no consistent theme-based sequence emerges. Others focus on the starting letters or alphabetical order, which again does not produce a stable pattern. The simplest and most reliable method is to check numeric properties such as word length, especially when the words themselves do not form an obvious conceptual sequence. Final Answer: The word that correctly continues the pattern is Monsoon, giving word lengths 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7.

Question 7

If the word ETHANOL is coded as HWKDQRO using a letter shifting rule, then how will the word MIX be coded?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a simple letter coding question. The word ETHANOL is coded as HWKDQRO. You must find the corresponding code for MIX. Most such codes use either a fixed forward or backward shift in the alphabet, or a position based substitution. By comparing ETHANOL and HWKDQRO letter by letter, we can discover the rule and then apply it to MIX. Given Data / Assumptions: Original word: ETHANOL. Coded word: HWKDQRO. Target word to code: MIX. Alphabet positions A 1 to Z 26. We assume a consistent shifting rule for all letters in the code. Concept / Approach: The natural approach is to compare each letter of ETHANOL with the corresponding letter in HWKDQRO. We convert both sets of letters into their numeric positions and calculate the difference. If the same forward shift appears in every pair, then we apply that shift to the letters of MIX to generate its code. This is essentially a Caesar cipher with a fixed shift. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Convert ETHANOL to positions: E 5, T 20, H 8, A 1, N 14, O 15, L 12. Step 2: Convert HWKDQRO to positions: H 8, W 23, K 11, D 4, Q 17, R 18, O 15. Step 3: Compute the differences for each pair: 8 minus 5 equals 3, 23 minus 20 equals 3, 11 minus 8 equals 3, 4 minus 1 equals 3, 17 minus 14 equals 3, 18 minus 15 equals 3, 15 minus 12 equals 3. Step 4: Therefore, each letter is shifted forward by +3 positions in the alphabet to obtain the code. Step 5: Now apply the same rule to MIX. Convert M, I, X to numbers: M 13, I 9, X 24. Step 6: Add 3 to each: 13 plus 3 equals 16, which is P. 9 plus 3 equals 12, which is L. 24 plus 3 equals 27. Since the alphabet has 26 letters, 27 minus 26 equals 1, which is A. Step 7: Combine the shifted letters to get the code: PLA. Verification / Alternative check: We can confirm by coding another letter from ETHANOL, for example A. A 1 becomes D 4 when shifted by +3. This matches the third letter in HWKDQRO. Similarly, coding N 14 gives Q 17 and O 15 gives R 18, which fit perfectly. This confirms that the shift is consistent and that our application of +3 to MIX is valid. Why Other Options Are Wrong: RFV would correspond to shifts that are not consistently +3 from M, I, X. For example, R is 18, which is 5 ahead of M 13. BGT and NHY similarly require different shifts for different letters, breaking the uniform coding rule. OLA would map from M, I, X using mixed shifts, not the fixed +3 step we discovered. Common Pitfalls: Some candidates try to guess the code by visual similarity between ETHANOL and HWKDQRO rather than computing letter positions. Others discover the shift for one letter but do not verify it against all letters, which can lead them to accept the wrong pattern. Always test your inferred rule against every given letter pair before using it on a new word. Final Answer: Using the same +3 shift coding as in ETHANOL → HWKDQRO, the correct code for MIX is PLA.

Question 8

In the word series rupees, arena, pursue, spare, separate, ?, which of the following words should come next to continue the pattern?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This is a slightly unusual verbal reasoning question. You are given the word series rupees, arena, pursue, spare, separate, ?, and asked to choose the next word. The pattern is not based on meaning or simple alphabetical order. Instead, it uses the position of a specific letter inside each word, which moves in a very systematic way. Given Data / Assumptions: Series: rupees, arena, pursue, spare, separate, ? Options: rapid, pusher, person, super, proper. The letter of interest in this sequence is the letter r. We use one based indexing: the first letter of a word is in position 1, the second in position 2, and so on. Concept / Approach: Rather than counting letters or looking for synonyms, we inspect where the letter r appears within each word. A strong pattern emerges: the position of r increases by one with each successive word. Once we confirm that this rule holds consistently for the given words, we look for an option where the letter r appears exactly in the next required position. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Take the word "rupees". It is spelled r u p e e s. The letter r appears in position 1. Step 2: Take the word "arena". It is spelled a r e n a. Here, r appears in position 2. Step 3: Take the word "pursue". It is spelled p u r s u e. The letter r appears in position 3. Step 4: Take the word "spare". It is spelled s p a r e. The letter r appears in position 4. Step 5: Take the word "separate". It is spelled s e p a r a t e. The letter r appears in position 5. Step 6: We see a clear pattern: the position of r moves from 1 to 2 to 3 to 4 to 5 as we go along the series. Step 7: Therefore, in the next word in the series, the letter r should appear in position 6. Step 8: Check each option. "rapid" has r at position 1. "pusher" is spelled p u s h e r, and r is in position 6. "person" has r at position 3. "super" has r at position 5. "proper" has r in more than one place but the earliest is not position 6. Step 9: Only "pusher" has r exactly in the sixth position and fits the pattern. Verification / Alternative check: We can summarise the r positions as: rupees (1), arena (2), pursue (3), spare (4), separate (5), pusher (6). This creates a simple and consistent sequence of increasing positions by 1 each time. No other option yields a continuation to 6 while also being a valid English word of the given list, which confirms "pusher" as the unique correct answer. Why Other Options Are Wrong: "rapid" starts with r, so the position is 1 not 6. "person" has r as the third letter, repeating a position already used in "pursue". "super" has r at position 5, same as in "separate", and does not advance the pattern. "proper" has r appearing earlier than position 6, so it does not fit the required positional shift either. Common Pitfalls: Many candidates initially look for a semantic pattern, for example thinking of money, actions, or grammatical forms, but do not find a convincing progression. Others may count total letters without noticing the special role of r. When a word series feels arbitrary in meaning, it is often helpful to track the position of a particular repeating letter or substring, which is exactly the trick used here. Final Answer: The word that correctly continues the pattern is pusher, with r in the sixth position.

Question 9

In the following alphabet series U, T, R, O, K, which letter should replace the question mark to correctly continue the pattern?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question tests your understanding of alphabet series and the ability to recognise a pattern in decreasing letter positions. Such questions are very common in aptitude and competitive exams and usually require you to map letters to their numerical positions in the English alphabet. Once that mapping is clear, the apparently random letters form a simple numeric sequence. Developing fluency with these patterns helps you solve many questions quickly in reasoning sections. Given Data / Assumptions: - The given series is: U, T, R, O, K, ? - Only English capital letters are used. - The pattern is assumed to be consistent throughout the sequence. - Each letter can be mapped to its position: A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26. Concept / Approach: The basic approach is to convert each letter of the series into its numeric position in the alphabet. After conversion, we observe the differences between consecutive terms and try to identify a regular pattern. Many alphabet series follow arithmetic progressions, alternating step sizes, or increasing and decreasing step differences. Once the pattern in numbers is clear, we convert the resulting position back into a letter to obtain the missing term. Throughout this process, we treat the alphabet as an ordered list from 1 to 26 without wrapping around, since the letters here remain well within that range. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Convert each letter to its numeric position. U = 21, T = 20, R = 18, O = 15, K = 11. Step 2: Find the differences between consecutive terms. From U (21) to T (20): difference = -1. From T (20) to R (18): difference = -2. From R (18) to O (15): difference = -3. From O (15) to K (11): difference = -4. Step 3: Observe the pattern in the differences: -1, -2, -3, -4. Step 4: The next logical difference is -5. Step 5: Apply -5 to the last known term K. K is 11, so 11 - 5 = 6. Step 6: Convert 6 back to a letter: 6 corresponds to F. Verification / Alternative check: To verify, rewrite the series with positions: 21, 20, 18, 15, 11, 6. Now check the successive differences again: 21 - 20 = 1, 20 - 18 = 2, 18 - 15 = 3, 15 - 11 = 4, 11 - 6 = 5. The absolute values form a simple increasing sequence 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. This confirms that the chosen missing term F (position 6) is fully consistent with the established pattern of decreasing values with increasing step size. No other option will maintain this exact numeric difference pattern. Why Other Options Are Wrong: A) G has position 7, which would give 11 - 7 = 4, breaking the required difference of 5. B) H has position 8, which would lead to an incorrect difference and destroy the simple 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 pattern. C) E has position 5, which produces a difference of 6 instead of 5 and does not fit the progression. Therefore, only F keeps the series consistent. Common Pitfalls: Many learners try to guess the answer visually without converting letters to numbers, which often leads to confusion. Another common mistake is to assume a constant difference and ignore the possibility of an increasing or decreasing step size. Some students also forget to check all the gaps in the series and focus only on the last two letters. For exam accuracy, always verify the pattern across the entire series instead of relying on intuition. Writing down letter positions and differences systematically greatly reduces errors in such questions. Final Answer: The letter that correctly completes the alphabet series U, T, R, O, K, ? is F.

Question 10

In the reverse triplet alphabet series ZYX, VUT, QPO, MLK, HGF, which group of three letters should come next to continue the pattern?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This problem involves groups of three letters written in reverse alphabetical order. The task is to detect how each triplet relates to the next one in the sequence. Such patterns are typical in reasoning and alphabet test questions, where you must track changes not only inside each group but also from one group to another. Understanding this pattern helps improve your ability to decode letter based sequences under time pressure in competitive exams. Given Data / Assumptions: - The given series is: ZYX, VUT, QPO, MLK, HGF, ? - Each term is a block of three consecutive letters written in reverse order. - We assume the pattern is consistent across all given terms. - Alphabet positions are used for analysis: A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26. Concept / Approach: We handle two levels of pattern. First, we confirm that each triplet is formed by three consecutive letters in reverse alphabetical order. Second, we examine how the starting letter of each triplet moves through the alphabet from one term to the next. If the starting letters follow a regular numerical pattern, we can extend that pattern to find the next starting letter, and then form the full triplet in reverse order. This approach is systematic and reduces the chance of guessing wrongly among similar looking options. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Write down each triplet with letter positions. ZYX: Z (26), Y (25), X (24). VUT: V (22), U (21), T (20). QPO: Q (17), P (16), O (15). MLK: M (13), L (12), K (11). HGF: H (8), G (7), F (6). Step 2: Look at the first letters: Z, V, Q, M, H. Positions: 26, 22, 17, 13, 8. Step 3: Compute differences: 26 to 22 is -4, 22 to 17 is -5, 17 to 13 is -4, 13 to 8 is -5. So the pattern alternates between -4 and -5. Step 4: Continue this alternating pattern to find the next starting position. We ended on 8 (H) with a difference of -5, so the next difference is -4. 8 - 4 = 4, which corresponds to D. Step 5: Form the next reverse triplet starting from D. Three consecutive letters backward from D are D, C, B, giving DCB. Verification / Alternative check: We can also think in terms of underlying forward triplets. ZYX is reverse of XYZ, VUT is reverse of TUV, and so on. Each block in forward order starts several letters earlier than the previous one, matching the numeric pattern already detected. When we use DCB, we maintain the rule that each group is a descending run of three letters, and that the gap between starting letters continues the -4, -5 alternation. No other listed option, if inserted, preserves both of these conditions at the same time. Why Other Options Are Wrong: B) CBA shifts the start position by -5 from H, which would break the alternating -4, -5 pattern sequence. C) BCD is not a reverse ordered triplet and therefore violates the internal structure of each term. D) EDC starts at E (5), which does not follow the -4, -5 alternating pattern from the previous starting letter H (8). Common Pitfalls: A common mistake is to look only at the last few letters instead of analysing the series from the beginning. Another issue is to check only whether each option itself is a descending triplet, without verifying if the jump from the previous term fits the overall numeric pattern. Candidates sometimes choose CBA simply because it is another reverse block that looks similar. However, exam style questions require a consistent rule across all terms, not just visual similarity. Always check both the internal structure of each block and the way starting letters progress through the alphabet. Final Answer: The next triplet in the reverse alphabet series ZYX, VUT, QPO, MLK, HGF, ? is DCB.

Question 11

In the letter pair series IM, JO, KQ, LS, which pair of letters should come next to correctly complete the pattern?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question deals with letter pairs in a series, where each term consists of two alphabetic characters. These pairs often advance according to different rules for the first and second letters. Many exam questions of this type use simple arithmetic progressions on alphabet positions. Recognising and separating the patterns for each position is the key to answering quickly and accurately. Given Data / Assumptions: - Given series of pairs: IM, JO, KQ, LS, ? - Each term has two letters: a first letter and a second letter. - We assume the pattern is consistent from the first pair to the last. - Alphabet positions: A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26. Concept / Approach: The standard technique is to separate the series into two independent sequences: one formed by all the first letters and another formed by all the second letters. We then convert each letter to its number, examine the step size between consecutive terms, and identify a progression. Often the first and second letters follow different arithmetic patterns, such as +1 for one sequence and +2 for the other. Once both patterns are identified, we can compute the next pair of letters and map them back from numbers to characters. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Separate first and second letters. First letters: I, J, K, L. Second letters: M, O, Q, S. Step 2: Work on the first letter sequence. I = 9, J = 10, K = 11, L = 12. The positions increase by +1 each time. So the next first letter after L (12) is 13, which corresponds to M. Step 3: Work on the second letter sequence. M = 13, O = 15, Q = 17, S = 19. Here, positions increase by +2 each time. So the next second letter after S (19) is 21, which corresponds to U. Step 4: Combine both results. The next pair is M (first letter) and U (second letter), giving MU. Verification / Alternative check: We can verify quickly by writing the numeric pattern directly: First letters: 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 (simple +1 series). Second letters: 13, 15, 17, 19, 21 (simple +2 series). The consistency of these progressions confirms that MU is the only pair that fits. Any other pair would disturb at least one of these arithmetic progressions. Thus, the derived answer MU is both logically and numerically consistent with the overall pattern of the series. Why Other Options Are Wrong: A) NV would require the first letter to jump from L (12) to N (14), breaking the +1 rule for first letters. C) MY would give M for the first letter correctly, but Y (25) for the second letter disrupts the +2 pattern from S (19). D) NT adjusts both letters incorrectly and does not match either established progression. Common Pitfalls: Some students mistakenly look for a single pattern on the combined pair rather than analysing each position separately. Others may miscount letter positions if they rush, especially around the middle of the alphabet. A reliable strategy is to always write down A to Z with corresponding numbers for quick reference. Additionally, double check the step size in each sequence; very often they are small such as +1, +2, or +3. Once that habit is developed, letter pair series become straightforward in reasoning exams. Final Answer: The pair of letters that correctly completes the series IM, JO, KQ, LS, ? is MU.

Question 12

In the alphabet series BKP, EMQ, IPS, NTV, which three letter group should appear next to correctly extend the pattern?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This problem uses groups of three letters, where each position within the triplet follows its own progression. Such questions evaluate multi level pattern recognition because you must identify three separate sequences working in parallel. Mastering these questions improves overall reasoning speed and nurtures attention to detail, which is essential for many aptitude and government examinations. Given Data / Assumptions: - Given series: BKP, EMQ, IPS, NTV, ? - Each term is a three letter group. - Pattern is assumed consistent across all positions. - Letter positions: A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26. Concept / Approach: To solve this type of triplet series, we separate the first, second, and third letters into three independent numeric sequences. Each sequence may have its own step size that could increase or vary in a regular manner. Once we understand how each position is changing from term to term, we can project the pattern forward by one step for each position. Finally we recombine the three predicted letters to form the missing triplet. This is more reliable than guessing based on rough visual similarity of options. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: List letter positions for each term. BKP: B (2), K (11), P (16). EMQ: E (5), M (13), Q (17). IPS: I (9), P (16), S (19). NTV: N (14), T (20), V (22). Step 2: Analyse the first letter sequence: B, E, I, N. Positions: 2, 5, 9, 14. Differences: 2 to 5 is +3, 5 to 9 is +4, 9 to 14 is +5. The increment is increasing by 1 each time: +3, +4, +5, so next it should be +6. 14 + 6 = 20, which corresponds to T. Step 3: Analyse the second letter sequence: K, M, P, T. Positions: 11, 13, 16, 20. Differences: +2, +3, +4. Again increments are rising by 1; next difference should be +5. 20 + 5 = 25, which corresponds to Y. Step 4: Analyse the third letter sequence: P, Q, S, V. Positions: 16, 17, 19, 22. Differences: +1, +2, +3. Continuing this pattern, the next difference should be +4. 22 + 4 = 26, which corresponds to Z. Step 5: Combine the predicted letters for each position. First letter T, second letter Y, third letter Z produce the triplet TYZ. Verification / Alternative check: We can verify by summarising the pattern: First letters increase by +3, +4, +5, +6. Second letters increase by +2, +3, +4, +5. Third letters increase by +1, +2, +3, +4. Each position therefore follows a steadily rising step size sequence, which is a neat and exam friendly pattern. Only TYZ preserves all three numeric patterns simultaneously. If any other option were chosen, at least one of these three structured progressions would be violated. This confirms that TYZ is the logically consistent continuation of the series. Why Other Options Are Wrong: B) SXY fails because S as the first letter corresponds to 19, not 20, breaking the +6 rule for first letters. C) SYZ has the same issue with the first letter and so does not respect the established progression. D) TXY gives an incorrect second letter pattern, because Y should appear after the appropriate +5 jump from T, not X. Common Pitfalls: Students sometimes compare only the first and last given term and ignore the middle ones, which can hide the gradually changing increments. Another frequent error is to try to find a single fixed difference for each position, while here the difference itself increases step by step. To avoid these traps, always write down successive numeric differences and look for patterns not only in the numbers but in how the differences change. This habit will help you recognise more complex alphabet series with ease. Final Answer: The three letter group that correctly completes the series BKP, EMQ, IPS, NTV, ? is TYZ.

Question 13

In the letter series CAP, AXL, YUH, WRD, which three letter group should replace the question mark to continue the pattern correctly?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question tests your ability to handle series where letters move in the alphabet according to consistent forward or backward steps. Each term is a triplet, so you must track three separate sequences at once, one for each position. Problems like this strengthen your alphabet manipulation skills and your habit of converting letters into numeric positions to see hidden arithmetic patterns. Given Data / Assumptions: - Given series: CAP, AXL, YUH, WRD, ? - Each term is a group of three letters. - The pattern is assumed to be consistent for all positions in all terms. - Alphabet positions: A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26. Concept / Approach: As with other triplet series, our approach is to separate the series into three independent position sequences: first letters only, second letters only, and third letters only. We then translate letters into numbers and search for a regular addition or subtraction pattern. Many reasoning questions use constant negative steps, where the sequence moves backwards through the alphabet. After identifying each pattern, we apply it to find the next value in the sequence at that position and finally convert the numbers back into letters to form the desired triplet. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Write letter positions for each term. CAP: C (3), A (1), P (16). AXL: A (1), X (24), L (12). YUH: Y (25), U (21), H (8). WRD: W (23), R (18), D (4). Step 2: Examine first letters: C, A, Y, W. Positions: 3, 1, 25, 23. Differences: 3 to 1 is -2, 1 to 25 is -2 (using wrap around from 1 back two steps to 25), 25 to 23 is -2. So the first letters move backward by 2 positions each time. Next: 23 - 2 = 21, which is U. Step 3: Examine second letters: A, X, U, R. Positions: 1, 24, 21, 18. Differences: 1 to 24 is -3 (wrap around), 24 to 21 is -3, 21 to 18 is -3. So the second letters move backward by 3 positions each time. Next: 18 - 3 = 15, which is O. Step 4: Examine third letters: P, L, H, D. Positions: 16, 12, 8, 4. Differences: each step is -4. Next: 4 - 4 = 0. In wrap around form, 0 corresponds to 26, which is Z. Step 5: Combine the three predicted letters for the next term. First letter U, second letter O, third letter Z, giving UOZ. Verification / Alternative check: We can confirm by summarising all three sequences: First letters: 3, 1, 25, 23, 21 (each stepping -2). Second letters: 1, 24, 21, 18, 15 (each stepping -3). Third letters: 16, 12, 8, 4, 26 (in wrap around, stepping -4). The consistency of these backward steps confirms that we have identified the correct pattern. If any other option were inserted, one or more of these sequences would break, particularly the constant step values, which are a hallmark of a well constructed series question. Why Other Options Are Wrong: A) VOA breaks the first letter pattern, because V is 22, not 21 as required by the -2 step rule. B) UPB gives P as the second letter and B as the third, which do not match the -3 and -4 movement rules. C) VPB fails to preserve the constant subtraction steps and therefore does not fit the underlying structure. Common Pitfalls: Learners sometimes overlook the possibility of backward movement in the alphabet and only search for forward sequences. Another common mistake is to handle wrap around incorrectly when crossing from A backwards into Z or vice versa. To avoid such errors, always treat the alphabet as circular when negative steps are present. Carefully write down positions and check each step, especially near A and Z. This method ensures that your reasoning remains precise even in slightly more complex sequences. Final Answer: The three letter group that correctly completes the series CAP, AXL, YUH, WRD, ? is UOZ.

Question 14

In the alphabet series K, J, L, I, M, which letter should appear next to correctly extend the pattern?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question involves a single letter series where the pattern is not a simple constant step, but an alternating set of positive and negative jumps with increasing magnitude. Competitive exam setters often use such mixed step series to test whether you notice the pattern of differences rather than only looking at the letters. Recognising changes in both sign and size of the step is crucial for these problems. Given Data / Assumptions: - Given series: K, J, L, I, M, ? - Only capital Latin letters are used. - Alphabet positions: A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26. - We assume a single continuous pattern governs successive differences. Concept / Approach: We convert letters to their corresponding numeric positions and analyse the differences between consecutive terms. Here the series is likely to involve alternating increases and decreases with a growing step size. Once we identify the pattern in the sequence of differences, we can extend it to find the next numeric value. Finally, we map this value back to a letter to get the required term. It is important not to jump to conclusions based on only the first or last difference; instead, observe several consecutive steps. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Convert letters to numbers. K = 11, J = 10, L = 12, I = 9, M = 13. Step 2: Compute differences between consecutive terms. From K (11) to J (10): difference = -1. From J (10) to L (12): difference = +2. From L (12) to I (9): difference = -3. From I (9) to M (13): difference = +4. Step 3: Observe the pattern of differences. The signs alternate negative, positive, negative, positive. The magnitudes increase by 1 each time: 1, 2, 3, 4. Step 4: Extend the pattern to predict the next difference. Following the sequence, the next step should be negative with magnitude 5, that is -5. Step 5: Apply the predicted difference to the last term. Current last term M is 13, so 13 - 5 = 8. Position 8 corresponds to the letter H. Verification / Alternative check: If we list numbers and differences together, we have: 11, 10, 12, 9, 13, 8 with differences -1, +2, -3, +4, -5. These differences are perfectly consistent with the rule of alternating signs and steadily increasing magnitude. No other candidate letter generates this exact continuation. If any other option were used, the difference from M would not match the expected -5, and the alternating pattern would break. Hence, H is fully justified by the observed structure of the series. Why Other Options Are Wrong: A) G has position 7, which gives a difference of -6 from M, not -5, so it does not follow the pattern. C) F has position 6, producing a gap of -7, which is even further from the required magnitude. D) N has position 14, which would give +1 from M; this breaks both the sign and magnitude progression. Common Pitfalls: Some learners only look for constant differences and conclude there is no pattern, or they guess based on rough letter spacing. Others may see only the magnitudes 1, 2, 3, 4 and forget to pay attention to the sign changes. A consistent method is to write every difference with its sign and value, then look for regular alternation and gradual changes. This disciplined approach uncovers hidden series structures and improves accuracy in reasoning questions. Final Answer: The letter that correctly continues the series K, J, L, I, M, ? is H.

Question 15

In the triplet letter series MHZ, NIW, OKT, PNQ, which of the following three letter groups should come next to continue the pattern correctly?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question deals with a three position letter series where each position in the triplet follows a distinct arithmetic pattern. Such series train you to manage several simultaneous progressions and are common in alphabet test sections of aptitude exams. Successfully solving them improves your skill in breaking complex patterns into simpler components and handling modular arithmetic in the alphabet. Given Data / Assumptions: - Given series: MHZ, NIW, OKT, PNQ, ? - Each term is a group of three letters. - A single consistent rule drives each of the three positions. - Alphabet positions are numbered from 1 to 26 for A to Z. Concept / Approach: The systematic way to handle such problems is to treat the first, second, and third letters as three independent numeric sequences. For each sequence, we examine how the letter position changes from term to term. The pattern may involve constant increments, varying increments, or even wrap around using modular arithmetic. After identifying each sequence rule, we extend it by one step to get the next letter for that position and then combine the three letters into the final triplet. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Convert each term to numeric positions. MHZ: M (13), H (8), Z (26). NIW: N (14), I (9), W (23). OKT: O (15), K (11), T (20). PNQ: P (16), N (14), Q (17). Step 2: First letters sequence: M, N, O, P. Positions: 13, 14, 15, 16. This is a simple +1 increase each time. Next first letter: 16 + 1 = 17, which is Q. Step 3: Second letters sequence: H, I, K, N. Positions: 8, 9, 11, 14. Differences: +1, +2, +3. The step size is increasing by 1 each time. Next difference should be +4. 14 + 4 = 18, which corresponds to R. Step 4: Third letters sequence: Z, W, T, Q. Positions: 26, 23, 20, 17. Each step is -3. Next: 17 - 3 = 14, which is N. Step 5: Combine the results for the next term. First letter Q, second letter R, third letter N, giving QRN. Verification / Alternative check: Summarising, we have first letters: 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 (+1 constant). Second letters: 8, 9, 11, 14, 18 (+1, +2, +3, +4). Third letters: 26, 23, 20, 17, 14 (-3 constant). Each sequence independently obeys a neat arithmetic pattern. No other option offers a triplet where all three positions align with these numeric rules. QRN therefore satisfies all constraints simultaneously and is the unique valid continuation of the series. Why Other Options Are Wrong: A) QNR has N as the second letter (14) which conflicts with the required +4 jump to 18 from the previous second letter N (14). C) RNM begins with R instead of Q and does not maintain the simple +1 progression of first letters. D) QNO fails both the second and third letter patterns, so it cannot represent the correct extension. Common Pitfalls: A frequent mistake is to focus on only one or two positions and ignore the third, leading to partial pattern matching that does not hold overall. Another issue is forgetting that different positions can follow different types of arithmetic sequences, including increasing step sizes. To avoid these problems, always separate and fully analyse each letter position before checking options. By doing so, you will be more confident that your selected triplet fits the full multi position pattern rather than a subset of it. Final Answer: The three letter group that correctly completes the series MHZ, NIW, OKT, PNQ, ? is QRN.

Question 16

In the alphabet triplet series CFE, ILK, ORQ, which three letter group should replace the question mark to continue the pattern correctly?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question presents a sequence of three letter groups where each position increases through the alphabet using a fixed step. It is a straightforward example of parallel arithmetic progressions applied to letters. Solving such problems reinforces the essential skill of converting letters to numeric positions and identifying simple constant increments, which is fundamental for many reasoning and alphabet test questions. Given Data / Assumptions: - Given series: CFE, ILK, ORQ, ? - Every term has three capital letters. - The underlying rule is consistent across all three positions. - Alphabet positions: A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26. Concept / Approach: We break the sequence into three separate streams: all first letters, all second letters, and all third letters. For each stream we convert letters to numeric positions and check the difference between consecutive terms. When we see a constant difference, we know that we are dealing with a simple arithmetic progression. Using that step, we project forward to find the next numeric position in each stream, and convert back to letters to construct the missing triplet. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Convert each term to positions. CFE: C (3), F (6), E (5). ILK: I (9), L (12), K (11). ORQ: O (15), R (18), Q (17). Step 2: First letters sequence: C, I, O. Positions: 3, 9, 15. Differences: 3 to 9 is +6, 9 to 15 is +6. So this sequence increases by +6 each time. Next: 15 + 6 = 21, which is U. Step 3: Second letters sequence: F, L, R. Positions: 6, 12, 18. Differences: +6 and +6. Next: 18 + 6 = 24, corresponding to X. Step 4: Third letters sequence: E, K, Q. Positions: 5, 11, 17. Differences: again +6 and +6. Next: 17 + 6 = 23, which is W. Step 5: Combine the three next letters. First U, second X, third W, giving the triplet UXW. Verification / Alternative check: All three positions follow the same clean rule of adding 6 in each step: 3, 9, 15, 21; 6, 12, 18, 24; 5, 11, 17, 23. This symmetry is typical in exam style questions and makes UXW a very strong candidate. None of the other options maintains the exact +6 increase in all three positions simultaneously. Therefore, from both numeric and structural reasoning, UXW is the only triplet that can extend the given series without introducing inconsistencies. Why Other Options Are Wrong: B) VYW gives V (22) for the first letter instead of U (21), which breaks the +6 pattern from O (15). C) UYW keeps U correct but Y (25) and W (23) do not match the second and third letter sequences. D) UXX has correct U but fails in both the second and third letter positions, which must be X and W respectively. Common Pitfalls: Sometimes candidates try to guess based on partial similarity of letters rather than checking each position numerically. Another error is to miscount positions in the alphabet, especially around the middle region, leading to incorrect differences. A good practice is to write the alphabet with numbers or memorise key anchor points such as A = 1, M = 13, Z = 26 to speed up counting. Then verifying constant differences becomes a fast and accurate process that eliminates guesswork. Final Answer: The three letter group that correctly continues the series CFE, ILK, ORQ, ? is UXW.

Question 17

In the sequence of times of day Morning, Afternoon, Evening, which word should come next to complete the natural progression?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question is based on a logical and everyday life sequence rather than a strict alphabet or numeric pattern. It tests your understanding of the natural order of parts of the day. Recognising such real world sequences quickly is important for verbal reasoning sections in many competitive exams. The focus is on conceptual knowledge and common sense chronology rather than calculations. Given Data / Assumptions: - The given sequence of words is: Morning, Afternoon, Evening, ? - Each term represents a distinct part of a single day. - We assume a normal daily cycle without considering seasons or time zone variations. - The answer must be a logical next segment within one day. Concept / Approach: A standard day can be divided into commonly used segments: Morning, Afternoon, Evening, and Night. These segments follow one another in a fixed chronological order based on the position of the sun and customary human activities. Morning usually covers early hours after sunrise, Afternoon follows midday, Evening refers to the time near sunset, and Night begins once it is dark. Therefore, our approach is to recall this natural order from daily life and identify which option fits as the next time segment after Evening. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: List common segments of a day in order. Morning → Afternoon → Evening → Night. Step 2: Compare given terms with the standard order. Given sequence: Morning (first), Afternoon (second), Evening (third). Step 3: Identify which segment comes after Evening in real life. Night follows Evening as the next standard part of the day. Step 4: Match this conclusion with the options provided. The only option that represents the next part of the same day is Night. Verification / Alternative check: We can verify by seeing if any other option might reasonably follow Evening within a single day. Day is a broad term that usually encompasses all four segments rather than coming after Evening. Week and Year are units of time that extend far beyond a daily cycle and therefore cannot be considered the immediate next segment after Evening. Thus, Night remains the only option that fits a simple, universally accepted daily progression, confirming that it is the correct answer. Why Other Options Are Wrong: A) Day is a higher level time unit that includes Morning, Afternoon, Evening, and Night; it is not the next part after Evening. B) Week consists of seven days and is not part of the sub division of a single day. C) Year is an even larger time unit that covers many weeks and months, so it does not logically follow Evening in this context. Common Pitfalls: A few candidates may misinterpret the question and think in terms of calendar units rather than parts of a day, leading them to consider Day or Week. Others might overthink the problem and search for hidden patterns when the sequence is simply based on common daily experience. The key is to read the terms carefully and recognise that all of them describe periods within one day, so the answer must also be of that same kind. Keeping the context of the words in mind avoids unnecessary confusion. Final Answer: The word that correctly completes the sequence Morning, Afternoon, Evening, ? is Night.

Question 18

In the letter pattern _cca_a_ca_ac_ab, which sequence of letters should fill the blanks so that the resulting string follows a clear repeating pattern?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question focuses on pattern completion within a string of letters containing blanks. Instead of a direct alphabet series, we are dealing with a repeated block pattern embedded in a longer sequence. Such questions check your ability to notice repetition and structural regularity rather than simple arithmetic progressions on letters. Recognising the smallest repeating unit is the key to solving such problems efficiently. Given Data / Assumptions: - Incomplete pattern: _cca_a_ca_ac_ab - There are five blanks to be filled by one of the candidate sequences. - Options provide possible five letter sequences to insert. - The final completed string should show a clean, regular repetition. Concept / Approach: The central idea is to test each candidate sequence of five letters by inserting it into the blanks one by one, respecting the order of blanks. After insertion, we read the resulting string and examine whether it follows a simple repetitive pattern. The best pattern is usually one in which a short segment is repeated several times without conflict. Instead of random trial and error, we look for clues in the existing non blank letters, such as the recurring fragment "cca" or "cab," and see how a candidate sequence can create complete repeated blocks around those fragments. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Mark the structure of the pattern. Initial form: _ c c a _ a _ c a _ a c _ a b. There are five blanks in total. Step 2: Try option A: abcbc. Insert letters in order into each blank: Blank 1 → a, Blank 2 → b, Blank 3 → c, Blank 4 → b, Blank 5 → c. Resulting string: a c c a b a c c a b a c c a b. This can be grouped as: accab accab accab. The segment "accab" repeats three times without any conflict. Step 3: Check that "accab" is a consistent repeating unit. First block: a c c a b. Second block: a c c a b. Third block: a c c a b. This is a perfect repetition, showing a very clean pattern. Verification / Alternative check: If we briefly test other options, we obtain less regular structures. For instance, other choices either break the alignment of "cca" segments or create mismatched endings where the final few letters do not mirror the earlier pattern. Only option A produces a string that can be divided into identical blocks. The discovery of three identical segments accab, accab, accab strongly indicates that option A is the intended completion. Since exam patterns usually reward the neatest and simplest repetition, this is a strong confirmation. Why Other Options Are Wrong: B) abcbb creates a string where the segments are not equal and the pattern is disturbed in the middle. C) abbcc disrupts the neat "accab" repetition and leads to inconsistent groupings. D) abccb similarly fails to produce equal repeated blocks and introduces irregular transitions. Common Pitfalls: A common mistake is to focus only on matching local fragments like "cca" without checking whether the entire final string has a global pattern. Some learners might also check only the first five to seven letters and ignore the remainder, missing mismatches toward the end. A better strategy is to always read through the full constructed sequence and see whether you can partition it into identical blocks of letters. If you can, you likely have the correct option, especially in questions that clearly hint at repetition. Final Answer: The sequence of letters that correctly fills the blanks in _cca_a_ca_ac_ab to form a regular repeating pattern is abcbc, giving the final string accabaccabaccab.

Question 19

In the pair series RS, ZA, HI, which of the following letter pairs should come next to continue the pattern correctly?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This pair series tests your ability to identify hidden arithmetic patterns in the positions of letters. Each term consists of two letters and the same transformation rule applies from one pair to the next. Questions of this sort often require careful handling of modular arithmetic in the alphabet because the sequence can wrap around from Z back to A. Understanding this helps you deal with many alphabet reasoning problems in exams. Given Data / Assumptions: - Given series: RS, ZA, HI, ? - Each term has exactly two capital letters. - A uniform pattern is assumed for both letters of each pair. span style="display:block;">- Alphabet positions: A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26. Concept / Approach: We treat the first letters of all pairs as one sequence and the second letters as another. For each sequence, we compute numerical positions and check for a consistent step size. Because Z is at the end of the alphabet, the jump from S to Z and from Z to H might involve wrap around arithmetic. Once we see the pattern in how positions change, we extend it by one step to find the next pair. Careful attention to the magnitude and direction of the step is essential. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Convert each pair to positions. RS: R (18), S (19). ZA: Z (26), A (1). HI: H (8), I (9). Step 2: Study the first letter sequence: R, Z, H. Positions: 18, 26, 8. From R (18) to Z (26): difference is +8. From Z (26) to H (8): working in mod 26, 26 + 8 = 34, and 34 - 26 = 8, so difference is effectively +8 again. So the first letter moves +8 each time in a circular alphabet. Next step: 8 + 8 = 16, corresponding to P. Step 3: Study the second letter sequence: S, A, I. Positions: 19, 1, 9. From S (19) to A (1): using wrap around, 19 + 8 = 27, and 27 - 26 = 1, so a jump of +8. From A (1) to I (9): again +8. The second letter also moves +8 each time. Next: 9 + 8 = 17, which is Q. Step 4: Combine the predicted letters. First letter P and second letter Q give the pair PQ. Verification / Alternative check: We can summarise the numeric pattern clearly: First letters: 18, 26, 8, 16 (each adding 8 mod 26). Second letters: 19, 1, 9, 17 (each adding 8 mod 26). The consistency of these increments confirms that the rule is a simple +8 shift for both letters with wrap around. The pair PQ precisely fits this rule. Any other candidate pair would break the +8 movement for at least one of the positions, so PQ is uniquely correct. Why Other Options Are Wrong: A) LM corresponds to positions 12 and 13, which do not result from adding 8 to H (8) and I (9). B) KL gives 11 and 12, again violating the +8 increment pattern. D) PR has R (18) as the second letter, whereas the rule requires Q (17) after I, not R. Common Pitfalls: One major pitfall is failing to consider wrap around arithmetic when crossing from Z back to A. Some candidates treat Z as a hard end and do not apply circular reasoning, which hides the constant step pattern. Another error is to rely on rough visual distance between letters without checking actual positions. The best approach is always to convert letters to numbers and compute differences formally, especially in series that include Z or A near the edges of the alphabet. Final Answer: The letter pair that correctly completes the series RS, ZA, HI, ? is PQ.

Question 20

In the triplet series PON, LKJ, GFE, which three letter group should appear next so that the decreasing alphabet pattern remains consistent?

Accepted Answer

Introduction / Context: This question uses three letter groups that appear to be written in reverse order. The aim is to recognise the underlying pattern in how these triplets move backward through the alphabet. Exam questions like this require you to see both the internal descending nature of each group and the external progression from one group to the next. Once the pattern is clear, extending the series by one term becomes straightforward. Given Data / Assumptions: - Given series: PON, LKJ, GFE, ? - Each term is a triplet of letters in descending order. - The sequence uses English capital letters. - Alphabet positions: A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26. Concept / Approach: We view each triplet as three consecutive letters written backward, and then focus on the starting letter of each triplet. When these starting letters are converted to numeric positions, we can examine the step sizes between them. The idea is to reveal a simple but non constant difference pattern that moves us backward through the alphabet. Once we determine the next starting letter, the complete triplet is obtained by listing two more letters backward from that starting point. Step-by-Step Solution: Step 1: Express each triplet in terms of positions. PON: P (16), O (15), N (14) – three consecutive letters in reverse order. LKJ: L (12), K (11), J (10) – again three consecutive letters in reverse. GFE: G (7), F (6), E (5) – also a descending group. Step 2: Focus on first letters: P, L, G. Positions: 16, 12, 7. Differences: 16 to 12 is -4, and 12 to 7 is -5. This suggests a decreasing pattern with step sizes -4, then -5, and likely -4 again. Step 3: Apply the pattern of alternating -4, -5 to find the next starting letter. We last subtracted 5 to go from 12 to 7, so next we subtract 4. 7 - 4 = 3, which corresponds to C. Step 4: Build the next reverse triplet from C. Three consecutive letters backward from C are C, B, A. So the next term is CBA. Verification / Alternative check: To confirm, we can also think about the underlying forward sequences. Each term is reverse of a forward block: PON is reverse of NOP, LKJ is reverse of JKL, GFE is reverse of EFG, and the next term should be reverse of ABC, giving CBA. This forward view aligns with the previous numeric analysis. Since the options contain CBA but not any other triplet that fits both analyses, we can be confident that CBA is the correct continuation of the series. Why Other Options Are Wrong: B) EFG is in ascending order, not descending, and does not maintain the internal structure seen in the earlier terms. C) AZY is not a sequence of three consecutive letters and does not fit the pattern of reverse runs. D) DEA mixes letters from different parts of the alphabet and is not the next logical block after GFE. Common Pitfalls: Some learners may initially search for a single fixed step, such as always subtracting 4, and become confused when the second step does not match. Others might miss the fact that each term is itself a short descending run and focus only on the first letters. The robust approach is to check both how each triplet is structured internally and how triplets relate to one another in starting positions. Recognising that they are reverse forms of forward consecutive blocks greatly simplifies the task. Final Answer: The three letter group that correctly completes the series PON, LKJ, GFE, ? is CBA.

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