Syllogism — Premises: P) All men are women. Q) All women are crazy. Conclusions: I) All men are crazy. II) All the crazy are men. III) Some of the crazy are men. IV) Some of the crazy are women.

Difficulty: Medium

Correct Answer: Only I, III and IV follow

Explanation:

Introduction / Context:Two universal inclusions form a chain: Men ⊆ Women ⊆ Crazy. We test which conclusions necessarily follow in standard syllogistic settings common to reasoning exams.

Given Data / Assumptions:

  • P: Men ⊆ Women.
  • Q: Women ⊆ Crazy.
  • Routine assumption: the categories referenced (women, men) are not empty in ordinary-language reasoning problems.

Concept / Approach:From chained subsets, we get Men ⊆ Crazy (I). The statement II claims the converse of Women ⊆ Crazy and is not supported. Statements III and IV are existential claims that follow if the relevant categories have at least one member.

Step-by-Step Solution:

I) Men ⊆ Crazy follows by transitivity: Men ⊆ Women and Women ⊆ Crazy.II) 'All crazy are men' is converse and does not follow; there can be crazy individuals who are not men.III) 'Some crazy are men' holds if any man exists since Men ⊆ Crazy.IV) 'Some crazy are women' holds if any woman exists since Women ⊆ Crazy.

Verification / Alternative check:Construct any world with at least one woman and one man; then I, III, IV are true while II can be false if there exist crazy persons who are not men.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

  • All follow: II fails.
  • None follow: I certainly follows; III and IV follow under standard non-emptiness.
  • Only II and III: II is wrong; IV also follows.

Common Pitfalls:Confusing universal subset with its converse; overlooking typical non-emptiness assumptions used in exam syllogisms.

Final Answer:Only I, III and IV follow.

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