Syllogism — Premises: (a) All students like excursions. (b) Some students like laboratory experiments. Conclusions: (I) Students who like laboratory experiments also like excursions. (II) Some students do not like laboratory experiments but like excursions.

Difficulty: Easy

Correct Answer: Only Conclusion I follows

Explanation:


Introduction / Context:
We examine how a universal preference and a partial preference interact for conclusions about subsets of students.


Given Data / Assumptions:

  • All Students like Excursions.
  • Some Students like LabExperiments.


Concept / Approach:
If every student likes excursions, then any particular subset of students (including those who like laboratory experiments) also like excursions. However, nothing in the premises asserts the existence of students who dislike laboratory experiments.


Step-by-Step Solution:

I) Let L be the set of students who like lab experiments. Since L ⊆ Students and all Students like excursions, it follows L ⊆ Excursions — conclusion I holds.II) The statement 'Some students do not like laboratory experiments but like excursions' introduces a negation not guaranteed by premises; the universal about excursions says nothing about lab-dislikers existing.


Verification / Alternative check:
A model where every student likes both excursions and lab experiments satisfies the premises but falsifies II, proving II does not necessarily follow.


Why Other Options Are Wrong:

  • Only II follows: contradicted by countermodel.
  • Both follow: II is not necessary.
  • Neither follows: I must follow by subset reasoning.


Common Pitfalls:
Assuming existence of complements (non-LabExperiment-likers) without evidence.


Final Answer:
Only Conclusion I follows.

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