Statement and Assumption problems
- 1. Statement:
"Why are only highprofile people considered to be adventurous? The villagers in India, who have no buses, walk barefoot for miles on dusty, untarred roads. Isn't that more adventurous than rafting or gliding?"- View of a person
Assumptions:
I. It is a Herculean task to walk barefoot for miles on dusty untarred roads.
II. Rafting and gliding are considered adventurous by the people.
III. Walking barefoot for miles on dusty untarred roads is not considered adventurous by the people.
Options- A. Only I and II
- B. Only II and III
- C. Only I and III
- D. All I, II and III Discuss
Correct Answer: All I, II and III
Explanation:
The tone of the statement implies that, in the speaker's opinion, walking barefoot for miles on dusty roads should be considered adventurous. Hence, the speaker must be assuming I. To convince others about his opinion he makes comparison between walking barefoot rafting gliding. Why? He must be assuming the assumptions III and II also.
- 2. Statement:
"You should publish the names of the ten worst colleges or institutions, which will lead to an overall improvement of Indian institutes."- Request of a reader to the editor of a weekly magazine.
Assumptions:
I. The management and and administrators of the respective institutes will come under pressure and will be compelled to improve the condition of the institutes if the names of the institutes are published in the weekly magazine.
II. The move will be helpful for admission- seekers from being a victim of degraded standard of the institutions.
III. The editor may concede the request and take positive steps in this regard.
Options- A. Only I and II
- B. Only II and III
- C. Only I and III
- D. All I, II and III Discuss
Correct Answer: Only I and III
Explanation:
The reason of the person's request to the editor to publish the name of the worst colleges, is obvious. How will the request lead to an overall improvement in the institution? The person must be assuming I. Hence, assumption I is implicit. II may not be an assumption. But III is implicit because if someone requests for something to others, the former assumes that the latter will concede it.
- 3. Statement:
"City 'X' should have more women driving public transport because most do not like to speed unnecessarily, prefer not to talk on mobiles while driving, do not listen to blaring music and rarely skip red lights."- A minister of state X
Assumptions:
I. More women driving buses and autos will usher more job opportunities for women.
II. Women are more disciplined than men on the roads.
III. If women start driving buses and autos it would increase chances of safety for commuters.
Options- A. Only I and II
- B. Only II and III
- C. Only I and III
- D. All I, II and III Discuss
Correct Answer: Only II and III
Explanation:
I is not an assumption because the minister does not have the employment perspective. The positive features used in the statement in order to support more women driving public transport implies that the speaker must be assuming II and III.
- 4. Statement:
"Performing complex mental task whilst driving is dangerous." - A psychologist
Assumptions:
I. Thinking too much reduces the ability to spot potential problems and react to them safely.
II. Handsfree phone conversations are as safe - or as risky - as talking to a passenger, depending upon the demands of conversation.
III. Insecurity of human is a man-made problem.
Options- A. Only I and II
- B. Only II and III
- C. Only I and III
- D. All I, II and III Discuss
Correct Answer:
Explanation:
Only I is implicit. II and III can't be correlated with the statement. Hence, II and III are not implicit.
- 5. Statement:
"Despite hike in tariff, power is still cheap in the city X." - Power Minister
Assumptions:
I. The cost of purchasing electricity or its generation is much more in city X than in the neighbouring states.
II. Hike in tariff makes the power costly.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption II is implicit.
Explanation:
Assumption I is not implicit because it rather contradicts the statement. But assumption II is implicit; that is why the word "despite" has been used in the statement.
- 6. Statement:
"Supporting the Reserve Bank of India's clean note policy, we have introduced special polythene currency note packets. These are secure, transparent and unstapled. Please do help us to maintain this." - a request to customers of Bank XYZ
Assumptions:
I. Writing anything on currency notes is not in tune with RBIs clean note policy.
II. Only people's participation is enough to get the desired result expected through RBI's new policy.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if neither I nor II is implicit.
Explanation:
Assumption I is not implicit because introducing polythene packets may have nothing to do with writing on the notes. Assumption II is not implicit because of the word 'only'.
- 7. Statement:
"India needs a dedicated military satellite for future defence purposes where communication will play a vital role in quick decision-making." Chief of Air Staff
Assumptions:
I. Future wars would be fought through air and aerospace.
II. Speedy communication ensures faster decision-making.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption II is implicit.
Explanation:
I may or may not be an assumption. But assumption II is implicit; that is why communication is termed as having a vital role in quick decision-making.
- 8. Statement:
"We are taking care of this historic house, putting our lives at risk." - A statement made by an employee of ASI
Assumptions:
I. The house is more precious than human lives.
II. One takes utmost care of something when one puts one's life at risk to do so.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption II is implicit.
Explanation:
The tone of the statement implies that the person assumes that the historic house is more precious than his life. But assumption I includes all human lives. Hence, I is not implicit. Again , caring for the house, putting lives to risk, implies that the speaker must be assuming II.
- 9. Statement:
"From the dawn of civilisation, India's tradition of respect for cultural diversity and spiritual values has been the bedrock for its intercultural dialogue and interaction with civilisations, countries and nations."- Ministry of HRD
Assumptions:
I. Other countries have no respect for cultural diversity and spiritual values.
II. The concept of a "Dialogue Among Civilisations" has assumed greater importance with the emergence of the global scenario.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption II is implicit.
Explanation:
Nothing has been mentioned about other countries. Hence, I is not implicit. But assumption II is implicit. That is why the ministry focuses on intercultural dialogue and interaction with civilisations, countries and nations.
- 10. Statement:
The cabinet decided to wind up various existing authorities on environment and set up a National Authority headed by a Supreme Court judge besides six regional authorities to help Ministry of Environment and Forests.
Assumptions:
I. These new authorities may be able to look after a particular eco-sensitive area or a regional issue.
II. These new authorities may help re-organise and streamline the of functioning of Ministry of Environment and Forests.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer:
Explanation:
The decision of the Cabinet set up new authorities implies that the cabinet must be assuming I. Hence, I is implicit. II is also implicit; that is why the cabinet displaced the existing authority with a new one.
More in Verbal Reasoning:
Programming
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