Statement and Assumption problems
- 1. Statement:
There are lessons to be learnt even in defeats.
Assumptions:
I. Some people do not take their defeats seriously.
II. The people who learn in their defeat may become successful in future.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption II is implicit.
Explanation:
Taking defeat seriously and taking lesson from the defeat are two different matters. Hence I is not implicit. Why do we need to take lesson from our defeat? The answer clearly is to be successful in future. Hence II is implicit.
- 2. Statement:
The union Govt needs to give greater attention to, and provide larger resources for, primary education and primary health.
Assumptions:
I. Primary education and primary health are in deteriorating state in our country.
II. Primary education and primary health are essential for improving all-round living standards of people of any country.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption II is implicit.
Explanation:
I is not implicit. It is possible that the situation is improving instead of deteriorating, but the statement is being made because this improvement is not enough. On the other hand, II is implicit because it is this essentiality that makes the speaker talk about what the Govt needs to do.
- 3. Statement:
People are bound to reject changes in the basis Structure of the Constitution and any interference in the traditional communal harmony.
Assumptions:
I. This is a statement given by a leader of a party in opposition.
II. The government in power is making a move to amend the Constitution.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption II is implicit.
Explanation:
The statement may be given by a lawyer or any other critic. So we can't assume that this is given by an opposition leader. But the speaker is assuming II. That is why he takes about people rejecting the changes.
- 4. Statement:
Overs the years, successive railway ministers have utilised the employment potential of the railways in order to boost their political careers.
Assumptions:
I. Overs the years, Railways has witnessed tremendous vacancies for employment.
II. The political career of a political leader depends upon the direct benefit given by him to the people of his constituency.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer:
Explanation:
I is implicit: this is what the speaker has in mind when he talks of having "utilised the employment potential." The speaker is assuming II that is why he is relating the employment potential of railway with the political career of the leader.
- 5. Statement:
" Safety will be the primary concern. I hope that these enhanced outlays will go a long way in ensuring a safe and sound journey for the millions of passengers."-----Railway. Minister in her speech.
Assumptions:
I. -Railways has failed to ensure adequate safety measures for its passengers.
II. Safety measures are likely to prevent railways mishaps in future.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer:
Explanation:
The railway minister is assuming that previous ministers have failed in providing adequate safety to the passengers. That is why she will give more attention to safety, hoping that her step will prevent accident in future. Hence both the assumptions are implicit.
- 6. Statement:
Even educated people will be termed illiterates if they are not computer-literate in the present scenario.
Assumptions:
I. Every educated person needs to be computer- literate.
II. A computer expert can be termed as educated irrespective of other types of education.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption I is implicit.
Explanation:
if only assumption I is implicit.
- 7. Statement:
There was a time when the rivers were pure. The earth clean, the air clear. Those days have gone. But there are still ways for you to live healthy.
Assumptions:
I. The environment affects the health of people.
II. People are responsible for making the environment polluted.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if only assumption I is implicit.
Explanation:
I is implicit here. That is why the speaker is talking about another way of living when the environment has been polluted. II can't be assumed from the statement.
- 8. Statement:
It may sound harsh but it is true that people no longer feel safe in the hands of the police.
Assumptions:
I. Police are unable to protect the citizens.
II. There is no certainty of one's life in police custody.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if either I or II is implicit.
Explanation:
From the term harsh it is clear that the speaker is assuming that the police are not serving the purpose for which they are there. The mining of the two assumptions is different. Hence either I or II.
- 9. Statement:
Governments, NGOs and social organisations routinely come up with announcements and informative advertising to create public awareness about various health threats and lifestyle-related diseases.
Assumptions:
I. These advertisements will help to minimize the health-related problems.
II. Such advertisements create awareness among the people.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer:
Explanation:
Why are these advertisements given by these organisations? Clearly, the are assuming both I and II.
- 10. Statement:
Ideas have always been more potent than the actual protagonists who act them out.
Assumptions:
I. Famous protagonists can make any idea famous despite their less importance.
II. Both ideas and protagonists have the same importance in any play.
Options- A. if only assumption I is implicit.
- B. if only assumption II is implicit.
- C. if either I or II is implicit.
- D. if neither I nor II is implicit. Discuss
Correct Answer: if neither I nor II is implicit.
Explanation:
Both assumptions contradict the statements.
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Programming
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