Statement — The State Government has decided to declare Kala-azar a notifiable disease under the Epidemic Act, 1897. Family members or neighbors of a patient are liable to be punished if they fail to inform the authorities. Courses of Action — I. Make strong efforts to implement the Act efficiently. II. Publicize punishment cases through mass media so that people become aware of the stern action.

Introduction / Context:Declaring a disease notifiable is a surveillance and control measure. Its effectiveness depends on robust implementation and public awareness of duties and consequences, especially where community reporting is mandated.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Legal move: notifiable status under Epidemic Act.
• Obligation: family/neighbors must inform authorities; non-compliance is punishable.
• COA I: ensure efficient enforcement—clear SOPs, reporting channels, rapid response.
• COA II: communicate deterrence via media to raise compliance.

Concept / Approach:Legal designation without operational follow-through (I) fails. Awareness campaigns (II) increase reporting and early treatment by clarifying duties, penalties, and helplines. Together they align law, behavior, and public health outcomes. Hence both follow logically from the decision.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:Either step alone is weaker: enforcement without awareness yields low compliance; awareness without capacity frustrates reporters.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

Common Pitfalls:Overreliance on punitive messaging without providing simple reporting mechanisms.

Final Answer:Both I and II follow.