History of road development in India: the year in which the Indian Roads Congress (IRC) was founded and established its headquarters at New Delhi is

Introduction / Context:
The Indian Roads Congress (IRC) is the apex technical body for highway engineering in India. Knowing its origin helps contextualize the development of standards and best practices in the country’s road sector.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The question asks specifically for the founding year and establishment of headquarters at New Delhi.
• Options list plausible years around the pre- and post-independence era.

Concept / Approach:
Historically, the IRC was formed to unify and standardize road engineering practice across provinces and states, providing codes, guidelines, and recommendations for geometric design, materials, bridges, pavements, and traffic engineering.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Standard references in highway engineering texts list 1934 as the IRC’s founding year, with HQ at New Delhi.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
1924, 1927, and 1930 precede the actual founding; 1942 is later than the documented establishment.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing IRC’s founding with other committees (e.g., Jayakar Committee) or with later code publication dates.

Final Answer:
1934