Integrated-Circuit Logic Families Questions

• Open-collector TTL “wired-AND” behavior: When the outputs of several open-collector TTL gates are tied together with a pull-up resistor, how do the combined outputs behave logically?
• Definition check: fan-out in digital logic families: What term describes the maximum number of standard logic inputs that a single logic output can reliably drive while meeting all voltage/current specs?
• TTL timing fundamentals: For standard 74xx TTL logic, what is a typical order-of-magnitude propagation delay from input change to valid output change under nominal loading?
• Fast TTL (74F) speed improvement mechanism: Which interdevice parasitic is primarily reduced in 74F “Fast TTL” processes to achieve shorter propagation delays?
• Output state behavior nomenclature: Which TTL output configuration name indicates that a device can present three output states (logic HIGH, logic LOW, and high-impedance)?
• Key MOSFET advantage over bipolar junction transistors (BJTs): Select the most fundamental device-level advantage that MOSFETs provide compared to bipolar devices for digital logic inputs.
• Standard TTL output drive (HIGH-state sourcing ability): When a standard TTL gate output is HIGH, what current can it source and to how many typical TTL inputs can it reliably fan out?
• Totem-pole output connection rules: Consider two TTL devices with totem-pole outputs. Can these outputs be tied together, and if not, why is such a connection discouraged?
• Logic probe diagnosis: A logic probe is placed on the input of a digital circuit and the probe's lamp blinks slowly. What condition does this slow blinking indicate about the signal at that test point?
• Totem-pole TTL output behavior: The lower transistor of a totem-pole output stage is driven into saturation when the logic gate's output is in which state?
• Hybrid logic technologies: Several manufacturers combined desirable TTL drive and CMOS low-power/high-density traits. This mixed technology family is called ________.
• TTL input threshold check: Which of the following output voltages would not be recognized as a valid LOW by a standard TTL input (assume VIL(max) ≈ 0.8 V)?
• TTL internal design: The output stage of a standard TTL logic gate uses a special push-pull arrangement commonly known as ________.
• N-channel MOSFET switch behavior: When VGS = 0 V on an N-channel MOSFET used as a switch, there is no ________ formed between source and drain.
• Portable device terminology: Fill in the blank — The proliferation of small handheld consumer equipment such as digital video cameras, cellular phones, handheld computers (________), portable audio systems, and other devices has driven demand for tiny logic packages.
• TTL drive capability: What is the commonly cited fan-out for a typical standard TTL gate under rated conditions?
• Timing parameter definition: The time required for a signal to propagate through a logic device—causing the correct change at the output after an input transition—is known as ________.
• MOS logic families terminology: What do P-MOS and N-MOS designate in the context of MOS logic families?
• Open-collector TTL output behavior: In transistor–transistor logic (TTL), an open-collector gate uses an output transistor without an internal pull-up resistor. Considering load driving and current direction, which statement best describes an open-collector TTL gate?
• Relative speed of MOS technologies: Compared with P-MOS logic families, which technology is typically about twice as fast due to higher carrier mobility and lower on-resistance for similar geometries?