Statement–Argument — Should there be a complete ban on mining coal in India? Arguments: I) Yes; the present coal stock will soon be exhausted if mining continues at the current rate. II) No; India lacks alternative energy sources in sufficient quantity. Choose the strong argument(s).

Introduction / Context:
Coal remains a significant part of India’s energy mix. The question asks whether a total mining ban is justified based on resource depletion and current energy alternatives.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Electricity demand is large and growing.
• Alternatives (renewables, storage, nuclear, gas) are expanding but may not yet fully replace coal dispatchability.
• A sudden ban could jeopardize grid reliability and industry.

Concept / Approach:
Argument I is weak: finite stock alone does not justify an immediate ban; prudent extraction, efficiency, pollution control, and transition planning are the rational responses to scarcity. Argument II is strong: without sufficient substitutes, a total ban would impose severe energy security and economic risks.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Most transitions phase down coal while scaling renewables/storage and improving efficiency, not immediate bans.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
“Either/Neither/Only I” misread the relative policy relevance.

Common Pitfalls:
Equating scarcity with immediate prohibition rather than calibrated transition.

Final Answer:
if only Argument II is Strong.