Order the stages of a basic communication process from encoding the message to understanding it at the receiver's end. (i) Sending (ii) Encoding (iii) Receiving (iv) Decoding

Introduction / Context:
Communication models follow a standard pipeline from thought representation to comprehension.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Encoding converts ideas to symbols.
• Sending transmits through a channel.
• Receiving captures the signal.
• Decoding reconstructs meaning.

Concept / Approach:
Producer-to-consumer flow with symmetric transform steps at each end.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) (ii) Encode message.2) (i) Send via channel.3) (iii) Receive at destination.4) (iv) Decode to interpret.

Verification / Alternative check:
Encoding must precede sending; decoding must follow receipt.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Placing decoding or receiving before sending contradicts causality.

Common Pitfalls:
Swapping encoding with sending.

Final Answer:
(ii), (i), (iii), (iv)