Microprocessor unit composition: identify the three foundational sections of a classic microprocessor unit (MPU) responsible for sequencing, storage, and computation.

Difficulty: Easy

Correct Answer: control and timing, register, and arithmetic/logic unit (ALU)

Explanation:


Introduction / Context:
A microprocessor unit (MPU) integrates circuitry to control instruction flow, store working data, and perform arithmetic/logic operations. Recognizing these foundational blocks helps in understanding instruction cycles and hardware-software interaction.



Given Data / Assumptions:

  • The focus is on internal MPU sections, not external memory or I/O devices.
  • Standard blocks: control/timing, registers, and ALU.
  • These blocks cooperate during fetch, decode, execute, and write-back phases.


Concept / Approach:
The control and timing section generates control signals and orchestrates the instruction cycle. The register section provides fast local storage (accumulator, general registers, PC, SP). The ALU executes arithmetic and logic operations using register operands.



Step-by-Step Solution:

List internal MPU blocks → control & timing, registers, ALU.Eliminate options including memory and I/O (external to the MPU proper).Confirm that operands are not a structural block; they are data items stored in registers/memory.Select the combination that matches the canonical MPU structure.


Verification / Alternative check:
Any block diagram of 8085/8086 identifies these sections within the CPU chip.



Why Other Options Are Wrong:

  • C/D include memory or I/O which are system-level, not strictly MPU-internal sections.
  • A mentions “operand” which is a data concept, not a hardware section.


Common Pitfalls:
Confusing “CPU” with the broader “computer system.” The question targets the CPU's internal organization.



Final Answer:
control and timing, register, and arithmetic/logic unit (ALU)

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